linux列出组_如何列出Linux中的所有组？

ゝ一世哀愁。 2023-02-28 08:39 687阅读 0赞

linux列出组

Linux groups are a collection of users. They are meant to easily provide privileges to a group of users. In this tutorial, we will look at various ways to list all groups in Linux.

Linux组是用户的集合。 它们旨在轻松地向一组用户提供特权。 在本教程中，我们将研究列出Linux中所有组的各种方法。

## 列出Linux中所有组的2种方法 **(****2 Ways to List All Groups in Linux****)** ##

1.  /etc/group file
    
    / etc / group文件
2.  getent command
    
    getent命令

### 1. / etc / group文件 **(****1. /etc/group file****)** ###

The /etc/group file contains all the local groups. So, we can open this file and look at all the groups.

/ etc / group文件包含所有本地组。 因此，我们可以打开该文件并查看所有组。

root@localhost:~# cat /etc/group
    root:x:0:
    daemon:x:1:
    bin:x:2:
    sys:x:3:
    adm:x:4:syslog
    tty:x:5:
    disk:x:6:
    lp:x:7:
    mail:x:8:
    news:x:9:
    ...

![Linux List All Group Etc Group File][]

Linux List All Group /etc/group File Linux列出所有组/ etc / group文件

If you are looking for a specific group, then use the [grep command][] to filter it out.

如果要查找特定的组，请使用[grep命令][grep command]将其过滤掉。

root@localhost:~# cat /etc/group | grep sudo
    sudo:x:27:journaldev,test
    root@localhost:~#

### 2. getent命令 **(****2. getent command****)** ###

Linux **getent** command fetch entries from databases supported by the Name Service Switch libraries. We can use it to get all the groups information from the group database.

Linux **getent**命令从名称服务交换机库支持的数据库中获取条目。 我们可以使用它从组数据库中获取所有组信息。

root@localhost:~# getent group
    root:x:0:
    daemon:x:1:
    bin:x:2:
    sys:x:3:
    adm:x:4:syslog
    tty:x:5:
    ...

![Linux Getent Group Command][]

Linux Getent Group Command Linux Getent组命令

Let’s look at some more examples of listing all the groups in Linux.

让我们看看列出Linux中所有组的更多示例。

## Linux列出所有组名 **(****Linux List All Group Names****)** ##

We can use cut command to print only the group names. This is useful when we are looking for a specific group name presence in a shell script.

我们可以使用cut命令仅打印组名。 当我们在shell脚本中寻找特定的组名存在时，这很有用。

root@localhost:~# cut -d: -f1 /etc/group
    root
    daemon
    bin
    sys
    adm
    tty
    ...

![Linux Print All Group Names][]

Linux Print All Group Names Linux打印所有组名

We can use cut command with the getent command too.

我们也可以将cut命令与getent命令一起使用。

root@localhost:~# getent group | cut -d: -f1
    root
    daemon
    bin
    sys
    adm
    tty
    disk
    ...

![Linux Print All Group Names Getent Cut Command][]

Linux Print All Group Names getent and cut Command Linux打印所有组名getent和cut命令

The cut command is splitting every line using the colon (:) delimiter. Then the first field, which is the group name, is selected using the -f1 option.

cut命令使用冒号（:)分隔符分割每一行。 然后，使用-f1选项选择第一个字段，即组名。

## 以字母顺序列出所有组名 **(****Listing All Group Names in Alphabetical Order****)** ##

The above commands output can be passed to the sort command to print the output in natural sorting order.

上面的命令输出可以传递给sort命令，以自然排序顺序输出输出。

root@localhost:~# getent group | cut -d: -f1 | sort
    adm
    audio
    backup
    bin
    cdrom
    crontab
    daemon
    ...

![Linux All Group Names Sort][]

Linux All Group Names Sort Linux所有组名排序

## 所有Linux组的数量 **(****Count of All the Linux Groups****)** ##

If you are interested in the count of the linux groups, use the following commands.

如果您对linux组的数量感兴趣，请使用以下命令。

root@localhost:~# cat /etc/group | grep -c ""
    68
    root@localhost:~# getent group | grep -c ""
    68
    root@localhost:~#

![Linux Count Of All Groups][]

Linux Count Of All Groups 所有组的Linux数量

## 列出用户的所有组 **(****List All Groups of a User****)** ##

We can use the groups command to get all the groups of a user.

我们可以使用groups命令来获取用户的所有组。

root@localhost:~# groups journaldev
    journaldev : journaldev sudo test_users test_users_pwd
    root@localhost:~# 
    
    root@localhost:~# groups root
    root : root
    root@localhost:~#

![Linux List User Groups][]

Linux List User Groups Linux列表用户组

## 当前用户的列表组 **(****List Groups of the Current User****)** ##

If you run the groups command without any user input, it will print the groups of the current user.

如果您在没有任何用户输入的情况下运行groups命令，它将打印当前用户的组。

root@localhost:~# groups
    root
    root@localhost:~# su - journaldev
    journaldev@localhost:~$ groups
    journaldev sudo test_users test_users_pwd
    journaldev@localhost:~$

![Linux Current User Groups][]

Linux Current User Groups Linux当前用户组

## 列出用户组以及组ID **(****List User Groups Along with Group ID****)** ##

We can use id command to print the user information. This command lists all the groups along with their group id.

我们可以使用id命令来打印用户信息。 此命令列出所有组及其组ID。

root@localhost:~# id journaldev
    uid=1002(journaldev) gid=1003(journaldev) groups=1003(journaldev),27(sudo),1004(test_users),1007(test_users_pwd)
    root@localhost:~# 
    root@localhost:~# id root
    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
    root@localhost:~#

![Linux User Groups With Group Id][]

Linux User Groups With Group Id 具有组ID的Linux用户组

## 列出组中的所有用户 **(****List All Users of a Group****)** ##

We can use the getent command or the /etc/groups file to get all the users that belongs to a group.

我们可以使用getent命令或/ etc / groups文件来获取属于一个组的所有用户。

root@localhost:~# getent group sudo
    sudo:x:27:journaldev,test
    root@localhost:~# 
    root@localhost:~# getent group sudo | cut -d: -f4
    journaldev,test
    root@localhost:~#

![Linux All Users Of A Group][]

Linux All Users Of A Group Linux组中的所有用户

## 结论 **(****Conclusion****)** ##

The getent command and /etc/group file can be used to get all the Linux groups details. We can use them alongside cut and sort command to present the output in a better way.

getent命令和/ etc / group文件可用于获取所有Linux组详细信息。 我们可以将它们与cut和sort命令一起使用，以更好地呈现输出。

## 参考资料 **(****References****)** ##

*  [getent man page][]
    
    [入门手册页][getent man page]
 *  [cut command man page][]
    
    [剪切命令手册页][cut command man page]

> 翻译自: [https://www.journaldev.com/39681/linux-list-all-groups][https_www.journaldev.com_39681_linux-list-all-groups]

linux列出组

[Linux List All Group Etc Group File]: /images/20230209/d91a9a916f4e4ae99402a1a4c37563c2.png
[grep command]: https://www.journaldev.com/24271/grep-command-in-linux-unix
[Linux Getent Group Command]: /images/20230209/4cb83ebe76f342c8947cd896f7fb2693.png
[Linux Print All Group Names]: /images/20230209/815d04e5ccf7487aa0bec584f3c496cc.png
[Linux Print All Group Names Getent Cut Command]: /images/20230209/a6bb2e0cbd874989a114240b5b46bf40.png
[Linux All Group Names Sort]: /images/20230209/b596d17106ec42869a36d42b0be0ed7d.png
[Linux Count Of All Groups]: /images/20230209/a81b0829badf4b3aae998f33dc6a05b0.png
[Linux List User Groups]: /images/20230209/7b49d99f7f344c64bb9c55ed8201fb08.png
[Linux Current User Groups]: /images/20230209/399a5537a2e34789b9aaff5b3e514e79.png
[Linux User Groups With Group Id]: /images/20230209/23ca8345e9a249379edec6b20b5df2b2.png
[Linux All Users Of A Group]: /images/20230209/32cb73670f584f41ad4af88b3018ee98.png
[getent man page]: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/getent.1.html
[cut command man page]: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/cut.1.html
[https_www.journaldev.com_39681_linux-list-all-groups]: https://www.journaldev.com/39681/linux-list-all-groups