Flutter 中渐变的高级用法

女爷i 2023-02-23 03:53 6阅读 0赞

![20200705100036561.png][]

Flutter 中渐变有三种：

*  LinearGradient：线性渐变
 *  RadialGradient：放射状渐变
 *  SweepGradient：扇形渐变

看下原图，下面的渐变都是在此图基础上完成。

![20200705100037534.png][]

### LinearGradient ###

给一张图片添加从上到下的线性渐变：

ShaderMask(
      shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
        return LinearGradient(
          begin: Alignment.topCenter,
          end: Alignment.bottomCenter,
          colors: [Colors.red,Colors.blue,Colors.green],
        ).createShader(bounds);
      },
      blendMode: BlendMode.color,
      child: Image.asset(
        'assets/images/b.jpg',
        fit: BoxFit.cover,
      ),
    )

![20200705100038127.png][]

`begin` 和 `end` 表示渐变的方向，上面设置的方向是从顶部中间到底部中间。

`color` 表示渐变的颜色。

设置各个渐变色的结束点：

Color color = Colors.orange;
    return ShaderMask(
      shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
        return LinearGradient(
            begin: Alignment.topCenter,
            end: Alignment.bottomCenter,
            colors: [color,color,Colors.transparent,Colors.transparent,color,color],
            stops: [0,.4,.41,.6,.61,1]
        ).createShader(bounds);
      },
      blendMode: BlendMode.color,
      child: Image.asset(
        'assets/images/b.jpg',
        fit: BoxFit.cover,
      ),
    );

`stops` 的个数要对应 `color`。

![2020070510003980.png][]

由于中间设置的渐变色为透明，所以中间是原图。

### RadialGradient ###

RadialGradient 是放射状渐变。

ShaderMask(
          shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
            return RadialGradient(
              radius: .5,
              colors: <Color>[Colors.red, Colors.blue],
            ).createShader(bounds);
          },
          blendMode: BlendMode.color,
          child: Image.asset(
            'assets/images/b.jpg',
            fit: BoxFit.cover,
          ),
        )

![20200705100039779.png][]

实现中间显示圆形原图，其他地方有灰色蒙板：

ShaderMask(
      shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
        return RadialGradient(
          radius: .6,
          colors: <Color>[
            Colors.transparent,
            Colors.transparent,
            Colors.grey.withOpacity(.7),
            Colors.grey.withOpacity(.7)
          ],
          stops: [0, .5, .5, 1],
        ).createShader(bounds);
      },
      blendMode: BlendMode.srcATop,
      child: Image.asset(
        'assets/images/b.jpg',
        fit: BoxFit.cover,
      ),
    )

![20200705100040558.png][]

### SweepGradient ###

SweepGradient 扇形渐变效果。

ShaderMask(
      shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
        return SweepGradient(
          colors: <Color>[
            Colors.red,
            Colors.blue
          ],
        ).createShader(bounds);
      },
      child: Image.asset(
        'assets/images/b.jpg',
        fit: BoxFit.cover,
      ),
    )

![20200705100041236.png][]

`startAngle` 和 `endAngle` 表示开始和结束角度。

绘制渐变圆环：

Container(
            width: 200,
            height: 200,
            child: CustomPaint(
              painter: _CircleProgressPaint(.5),
            ),
          )
    
    class _CircleProgressPaint extends CustomPainter {
      final double progress;
    
      _CircleProgressPaint(this.progress);
    
      Paint _paint = Paint()
        ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
        ..strokeWidth = 20;
    
      @override
      void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
        _paint.shader = ui.Gradient.sweep(
            Offset(size.width / 2, size.height / 2), [Colors.red, Colors.yellow]);
        canvas.drawArc(
            Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, size.width, size.height), 0, pi*2, false, _paint);
      }
    
      @override
      bool shouldRepaint(CustomPainter oldDelegate) {
        return true;
      }
    }

![20200705100041477.png][]

除了图片，可以给任何组件加入渐变效果，比如文字：

ShaderMask(
      shaderCallback: (Rect bounds) {
        return LinearGradient(
          colors: <Color>[Colors.blue, Colors.red],
          tileMode: TileMode.mirror,
        ).createShader(bounds);
      },
      blendMode: BlendMode.srcATop,
      child: Center(
        child: Text(
          '老孟，一枚有态度的程序员',
          style: TextStyle(fontSize: 24),
        ),
      ),
    )

![20200705100041855.png][]

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[20200705100036561.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100036561.png
[20200705100037534.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100037534.png
[20200705100038127.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100038127.png
[2020070510003980.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020070510003980.png
[20200705100039779.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100039779.png
[20200705100040558.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100040558.png
[20200705100041236.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100041236.png
[20200705100041477.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100041477.png
[20200705100041855.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200705100041855.png
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