Docker部署MySQL

我不是女神ヾ 2023-02-21 06:33 145阅读 0赞

### 一、拉取MySQL镜像 ###

1、拉取命令  
`docker pull mysql`  
2、查看镜像，检查是否拉取成功  
`docker images`

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### 二、创建MySQL容器 ###

1、建立目录映射  
`mkdir /opt`  
`mkdir /opt/mysql`  
`mkdir /opt/mysql/conf/`  
`mkdir /opt/mysql/logs/`  
`mkdir /opt/mysql/data/`

2、创建my.cnf配置文件  
`touch /opt/mysql/my.cnf`

my.cnf添加以下内容：

[mysqld]
    user=mysql
    character-set-server=utf8
    default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
    secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql
    expire_logs_days=7
    sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
    max_connections=1000
    
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8

3、创建容器，并后台启动

docker run --restart=always --privileged=true  \
    -v /opt/mysql/data/:/var/lib/mysql \
    -v /opt/mysql/logs/:/var/log/mysql \
    -v /opt/mysql/conf/:/etc/mysql \
    -v /opt/mysql/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf  \
    -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql

*  \-v：主机和容器的目录映射关系，":"前为主机目录，之后为容器目录
 *  \--restart=always： 当Docker 重启时，容器会自动启动。
 *  \--privileged=true：容器内的root拥有真正root权限，否则容器内root只是外部普通用户权限

⚠️注意：启动mysql报如下错误，那是因为MYSQL新特性secure\_file\_priv对读写文件的影响。

ERROR: mysqld failed while attempting to check config
    command was: "mysqld --verbose --help"
    
    mysqld: Error on realpath() on '/var/lib/mysql-files' (Error 2 - No such file or directory)
    2019-09-14T09:52:51.015937Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010095] [Server] Failed to access directory for --secure-file-priv. Please make sure that directory exists and is accessible by MySQL Server. Supplied value : /var/lib/mysql-files
    2019-09-14T09:52:51.018328Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting

解决问题:
    windows下：修改my.ini 在[mysqld]内加入secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql
    linux下：修改my.cnf 在[mysqld]内加入secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql

### 三、连接MySQL ###

1、进入mysql容器  
`docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash`

2、登陆mysql  
`mysql -u root -p`

3、mysql 8 设置允许远程用户访问  
`update user set host = '%' where user = 'root' and host='localhost';` \# 更新root - localhost 为 root - %

`GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';` \# 设置允许远程用户访问

`flush privileges;`\# 刷新权限

`ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';`\#更新用户加密方式，mysql8默认的加密方式为caching\_sha2\_password 与mysql5的加密方式mysql\_native\_password 不同

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4、使用Navicat 或者 MySQL Workbench 远程连接mysql  
我们在创建容器的时候已经将容器的3306端口和主机的3306端口映射到一起，所以我们应该访问：

host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 3306
    user: root
    password: 123456

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