springboot（三）日志框架

悠悠 2023-02-21 06:09 15阅读 0赞

**目录**

1.日志框架类型

2.SLF4j使用

3.日志配置

4.切换日志框架

--------------------

### 1.日志框架类型 ###

市场上存在非常多的日志框架。JUL（java.util.logging），JCL（Apache Commons Logging），Log4j，Log4j2，Logback、SLF4j、jboss-logging等。 Spring Boot在框架内容部使用JCL，spring-boot-starter-logging采用了 slf4j+logback的形式，Spring Boot也能自动适配（jul、log4j2、logback）。

![20200628220626282.png][]

### 2.**SLF4j****使用** ###

**SpringBoot****选用** **SLF4j****和****logback**

以后开发的时候，日志记录方法的调用，不应该来直接调用日志的实现类，而是调用日志抽象层里面的方法；

给系统里面**导入** **slf4j的jar和 logback的实现jar**

[官网][Link 1]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

当自己项目使用（ slf4j+logback）

由于引用的：

Spring使用 （ commons-logging ）、

Hibernate使用 （ jboss-logging ）、

MyBatis 、 xxxx

**在此可以统一日志记录，使别的框架和当前项目统一使用slf4j进行输出。**

**在中间引入别的框架的适配层：**

1 、将系统中其他日志框架先排除出去；

2 、用中间包来替换原有的日志框架；

3 、我们导入 slf4j 其他的实现

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

例如 排除 Spring 框架的 commons-logging ；

<dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring‐core</artifactId>
        <exclusions> 
            <exclusion> 
                <groupId>commons‐logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons‐logging</artifactId>
            </exclusion> 
        </exclusions> 
    </dependency>

### 3.日志配置 ###

日志输出格式：

%d 表示日期时间，

%thread 表示线程名，

%‐5level ：级别从左显示 5 个字符宽度

%logger\{50\}  表示 logger 名字最长 50 个字符，否则按照句点分割。

%msg ：日志消息，

%n 是换行符

%d\{yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm:ss.SSS\} \[%thread\] %‐5level %logger\{50\} ‐ %msg%n

[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.15.RELEASE/reference/html/boot-features-logging.html][https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_2.1.15.RELEASE_reference_html_boot-features-logging.html]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![20200629223029461.png][]

springboot默认配置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

给类路径下放上每个日志框架自己的配置文件即可； SpringBoot 就不使用他默认配置的了

自定义日志配置文件时，使用日志框架所对应的文件名称

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

logback.xml ：直接就被日志框架识别了；

**logback-spring.xml** ：日志框架就不直接加载日志的配置项，由 SpringBoot 解析日志配置，可以使用 SpringBoot

的高级 Profifile 功能

### ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][] ###

指定环境

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <!‐‐ 日志输出格式： %d表示日期时间， %thread表示线程名， %‐5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度 %logger{50} 表示logger名字最长50个字符，否则按照句点分割。 %msg：日志消息， %n是换行符 ‐‐>
        <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
            <springProfile name="dev">
                <pattern>%d{yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ‐‐‐‐> [%thread] ‐‐‐> %‐5level %logger{50} ‐ %msg%n</pattern>
            </springProfile>
            <springProfile name="!dev">
                <pattern>%d{yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ==== [%thread] ==== %‐5level %logger{50} ‐ %msg%n</pattern>
            </springProfile>
        </layout>
    </appender>

**如果使用logback.xml作为日志配置文件，还要使用profifile功能，会有以下错误**

no applicable action for \[springProfile\]

### 4.**切换日志框架** ###

slf4j+logback ==》slf4j+log4j 的方式

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

## ##

slf4j+logback ==》slf4j+log4j2 的方式

即使用：spring-boot-starter-log4j2

### ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][] ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjAzMjE5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

[20200628220626282.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200628220626282.png
[Link 1]: http://www.slf4j.org/manual.html
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[https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_2.1.15.RELEASE_reference_html_boot-features-logging.html]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.15.RELEASE/reference/html/boot-features-logging.html
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[20200629223029461.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200629223029461.png
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