【windows10】重做windows10后，利用旧windows10的anaconda3创建虚拟环境

爱被打了一巴掌 2023-02-20 08:27 7阅读 0赞

### 【windows10】 重做windows10后，利用旧windows10的anaconda3创建虚拟环境 ###

*  \-1、背景
 *   *  \-1.1、关于pip(python包管理器)
 *  \-2、conda添加国内的镜像源
 *   *  \-2.1 添加清华大学镜像源命令
     *  \-2.2 显示检索路径的命令
 *  \-3、conda创建虚拟环境
 *  \-4、说明

# \-1、背景 #

最近重装windows10系统，原来安装的Anaconda3想接着用，毕竟里面创建了不少项目的虚拟环境。  
即本博客：新windows10下，基于旧windows10的Anaconda3来创建虚拟环境。

由于个人使用习惯的问题，并没有把Scripts文件夹（Anaconda3安装文件夹下的Scripts文件夹）的路径添加到系统环境变量中；如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200625211648373.png]  
下面是我的本机安装的Anaconda3路径：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
查看对应的Anaconda3版本如下：

D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>conda -V
    conda 4.5.11

## \-1.1、关于pip(python包管理器) ##

pip是Python的官方认可的包管理器，通常使用pip安装在PyPI(Python包索引）上发布的包，pip是Python包的通用管理器，在Anaconda3也能用（ 需要安装 pip，可以源码安装 ）；

Anaconda3是一个跨平台环境管理器。可以同时管理很多虚拟环境，方便的进行切换和安装。在Anaconda3中引入了conda包管理器，即conda适用在Anaconda3软件中使用。  
请注意在Scripts目录下无法使用pip,如下：

D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>pip list
    failed to create process.
    
    D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>cd ..
    D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64>pip list
    Package              Version
    -------------------- ------------
    absl-py              0.9.0
    ......
    wrapt                1.12.1
    zipp                 3.1.0
    D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64>

# \-2、conda添加国内的镜像源 #

创建虚拟环境过程下载软件包，需要使用镜像源，否则远在美国的服务器，国内下载非常难受。

## \-2.1 添加清华大学镜像源命令 ##

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/

## \-2.2 显示检索路径的命令 ##

添加镜像源后建议再加一句显示检索路径的命令，这样每次安装包时会将包源路径显示出来;

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
此时会在C:\\Users\\Administrator文件夹下生成一个.condarc文件,如下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

可以通过conda config --show channels命令，显示所有镜像通道路径  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200625214026133.png]

# \-3、conda创建虚拟环境 #

conda create -n opencv\_contrib python=3.7  
说明：  
创建的虚拟环境的名称叫 opencv\_contrib，安装的python解释器版本是3.7

D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>conda create -n opencv_contrib python=3.7
    Solving environment: done
    ==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==
      current version: 4.5.11
      latest version: 4.8.3
    Please update conda by running
        $ conda update -n base -c defaults conda
    ## Package Plan ##
      environment location: D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\opencv_contrib
      added / updated specs:
        - python=3.7
    The following packages will be downloaded:
        package                    |            build
        ---------------------------|-----------------
        vs2015_runtime-14.16.27012 |       hf0eaf9b_2         2.4 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        sqlite-3.31.1              |       he774522_0         961 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        vc-14.1                    |       h0510ff6_4           6 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        ca-certificates-2020.1.1   |                0         165 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        wincertstore-0.2           |           py37_0          13 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        wheel-0.34.2               |           py37_0          67 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        pip-20.1.1                 |           py37_1         2.0 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        openssl-1.1.1g             |       he774522_0         5.8 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        python-3.7.7               |       h81c818b_4        17.2 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        setuptools-47.3.1          |           py37_0         684 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        certifi-2020.6.20          |           py37_0         160 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        ------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Total:        29.4 MB
    The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
        ca-certificates: 2020.1.1-0             https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        certifi:         2020.6.20-py37_0       https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        openssl:         1.1.1g-he774522_0      https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        pip:             20.1.1-py37_1          https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        python:          3.7.7-h81c818b_4       https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        setuptools:      47.3.1-py37_0          https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        sqlite:          3.31.1-he774522_0      https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        vc:              14.1-h0510ff6_4        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        vs2015_runtime:  14.16.27012-hf0eaf9b_2 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        wheel:           0.34.2-py37_0          https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
        wincertstore:    0.2-py37_0             https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
    Proceed ([y]/n)? y
    Downloading and Extracting Packages
    vs2015_runtime-14.16 | 2.4 MB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    sqlite-3.31.1        | 961 KB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    vc-14.1              | 6 KB      | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    ca-certificates-2020 | 165 KB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    wincertstore-0.2     | 13 KB     | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    wheel-0.34.2         | 67 KB     | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    pip-20.1.1           | 2.0 MB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    openssl-1.1.1g       | 5.8 MB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    python-3.7.7         | 17.2 MB   | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    setuptools-47.3.1    | 684 KB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    certifi-2020.6.20    | 160 KB    | ############################################################################################################# | 100%
    Preparing transaction: done
    Verifying transaction: done
    Executing transaction: done
    #
    # To activate this environment, use:
    # > activate opencv_contrib
    #
    # To deactivate an active environment, use:
    # > deactivate
    #
    # * for power-users using bash, you must source
    #
    
    D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>conda info --e
    # conda environments:
    #
    base                  *  D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64
    YoloV3envs               D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\YoloV3envs
    desiccant                D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\desiccant
    docker                   D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\docker
    dockerenvs               D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\dockerenvs
    flask_environment        D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\flask_environment
    flaskenvs                D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\flaskenvs
    getDLL                   D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\getDLL
    new_test                 D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\new_test
    object_detection         D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\object_detection
    opencv_contrib           D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\opencv_contrib
    spiderenvs               D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\spiderenvs
    ssd                      D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\ssd
    targetdetection          D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\envs\targetdetection
    
    D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>activate opencv_contrib
    (opencv_contrib) D:\D00_Python3\D00A3_Anaconda3.6\Anaconda3-5.3.0-Windows-x86_64\Scripts>

# \-4、说明 #

按照上面的操作，您可能还不能创建虚拟环境。  
我也遇到过这种情况，很可能就是Anaconda3坏了！  
建议不用更新Anaconda3，直接安装一个新的Anaconda3，速度更快！

[20200625211648373.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625211648373.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625212027301.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625213827635.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625214630662.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2puMTAwMTA1Mzc=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200625214026133.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625214026133.png