linux Ansible安装完毕后，测试报连接主机显示报错

Myth丶恋晨 2023-02-17 03:47 9阅读 0赞

**一、问题描述**

1.  当安装完毕Ansible之后，一般需要以SSH的方式连接到需要进行管理的目标主机进行测试。但是报了以下问题：

[root@inmshgis24 ~]# ansible 10.130.0.33 -m ping 
    10.130.0.33 | UNREACHABLE! => { 
    
    "changed": false, 
    "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password).\r\n", 
    "unreachable": true
    
    }

**二、 原因分析**

1.  当我们将10.130.0.33主机作为管理主机，但在管理主机上并未添加目标节点（即需要管理的节点）的ssh认证信息。

**三、解决步骤**

1.  管理主机节点生成SSH-KEY

[root@inmshgis24 ~]# ssh-keygen

**注意：检查～.ssh/目录下是否出现生成的ssh密钥文件：id\_rsa及id\_rsa.pub**

1.  添加目标主机节点的SSH认证信息

[root@inmshgis24 ~]# ssh-copy-id root@目标节点IP

**说明：**  
（1）root：是在目标节点上登录的用户；  
（2）@：符号后面接目标节点IP即可；  
（3）提示：输入目标节点root用户密码，输入即可；  
（4）添加认证信息后，目标节点主机的~/.ssh/目录下将会出现一个authorized\_keys文件，里面包含了ansible管理主机节点的公钥信息，可以检查一下是否存在。

1.  确定目标主机节点的SSH认证信息都已正确添加
2.  目标主机节点的~/.ssh/目录下存在管理节点的公钥信息后，再执行之前出错的ansible ping指令：

[root@inmshgis24 ~]# vi/etc/ansible/hosts
    [test]
    10.130.0.33
    [root@inmshgis24 ~]# ansible 10.130.0.33 -m ping

![在这里插入图片描述][20200612105620129.png]  
**补充：**

1.  期间在ssh-copy-id root@目标节点IP时，报了这个错误：  
    bash: ssh-copy-id: command not found
2.  解决如下：

[root@inmshgis24 ~]# yum -y install openssh-clients #或许你对python的版本进行过升级（python2.6 -> python2.7）,可能会报以下的错误（ No module named yum）
    There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
    required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:
    
       No module named yum
    
    Please install a package which provides this module, or
    verify that the module is installed correctly.
    
    It's possible that the above module doesn't match the
    current version of Python, which is:
    2.7.5 (default, Aug  4 2017, 00:39:18) 
    [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)]
    
    If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to 
    the yum faq at:
      http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq

**\[说明\] 造成yum出错的根本原因：**  
你改变了python2的版本，yum是要依赖python的，只要你动了（重装、删除等等）都会造成这个错误。  
解决办法：(此处我是对python的版本由2.6升级到2.7)

[root@inmNODEsh05 ansible-2.4]# vim /usr/bin/yum 
    将#!/usr/bin/python ---> #!/usr/bin/python2.6即可 
    #!/usr/bin/python2.6
    import sys
    try:
        import yum
    except ImportError:
        print >> sys.stderr, """\ There was a problem importing one of the Python modules required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was: %s Please install a package which provides this module, or verify that the module is installed correctly. It's possible that the above module doesn't match the current version of Python, which is: %s If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to the yum faq at: http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq """ % (sys.exc_value, sys.version)
        sys.exit(1)
    
    sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/share/yum-cli')
    try:
        import yummain
        yummain.user_main(sys.argv[1:], exit_code=True)
    except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
        print >> sys.stderr, "\n\nExiting on user cancel."
        sys.exit(1)

**\[注意\] 如果原本依赖的python版本没了，那就只能重新安装yum了；**  
**看一下yum是否已经可以正常使用喽！**

[root@inmNODEsh05 ansible-2.4]# yum
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
    You need to give some command
    Usage: yum [options] COMMAND
    
    List of Commands:
    
    check          Check for problems in the rpmdb
    check-update   Check for available package updates
    clean          Remove cached data
    deplist        List a package's dependencies distribution-synchronization Synchronize installed packages to the latest available versions downgrade downgrade a package erase Remove a package or packages from your system groupinfo Display details about a package group groupinstall Install the packages in a group on your system grouplist List available package groups groupremove Remove the packages in a group from your system help Display a helpful usage message history Display, or use, the transaction history info Display details about a package or group of packages install Install a package or packages on your system list List a package or groups of packages load-transaction load a saved transaction from filename makecache Generate the metadata cache provides Find what package provides the given value reinstall reinstall a package repolist Display the configured software repositories resolvedep Determine which package provides the given dependency search Search package details for the given string shell Run an interactive yum shell update Update a package or packages on your system update-minimal Works like update, but goes to the 'newest' package match which fixes a problem that affects your system
    updateinfo     Acts on repository update information
    upgrade        Update packages taking obsoletes into account
    version        Display a version for the machine and/or available repos.

[root@inmNODEsh05 ansible-2.4]# yum -y install openssh-clients
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
    Determining fastest mirrors
    base                                                                                                                                                                         | 4.0 kB     00:00     
    Setting up Install Process
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: openssh = 5.3p1-94.el6 for package: openssh-clients-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    ====================================================================================================================================================================================================
     Package                                              Arch                                        Version                                           Repository                                 Size
    ====================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Installing:
     openssh-clients                                      x86_64                                      5.3p1-94.el6                                      base                                      402 k
    Installing for dependencies:
     openssh                                              x86_64                                      5.3p1-94.el6                                      base                                      258 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    ====================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Install       2 Package(s)
    
    Total download size: 660 k
    Installed size: 1.9 M
    Downloading Packages:
    (1/2): openssh-clients-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                               | 402 kB     00:00     
    (2/2): openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                       | 258 kB     00:00     
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total                                                                                                                                                                16 MB/s | 660 kB     00:00     
    Running rpm_check_debug
    Running Transaction Test
    Transaction Test Succeeded
    Running Transaction
    Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
    ** Found 109 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
    PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libyaml-0.so.2()(64bit)
    git-1.7.1-3.el6_4.1.x86_64 has missing requires of openssh-clients
    glibc-2.17-260.el7_6.3.x86_64 has missing requires of glibc-common = ('0', '2.17', '260.el7_6.3')
    ......
    webkitgtk-1.4.3-9.el6_6.i686 has missing requires of libz.so.1
      Installing : openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                      1/2 
    warning: /etc/ssh/moduli created as /etc/ssh/moduli.rpmnew
      Installing : openssh-clients-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                              2/2 
    warning: /etc/ssh/ssh_config created as /etc/ssh/ssh_config.rpmnew
      Verifying  : openssh-clients-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                              1/2 
      Verifying  : openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                      2/2 
    
    Installed:
      openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6                                                                                                                                                             
    
    Dependency Installed:
      openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6                                                                                                                                                                     
    
    Complete!

[20200612105620129.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612105620129.png