mysql自定义安装与初始化配置

小灰灰 2023-02-17 03:26 11阅读 0赞

# 自定义安装 #

## 1. 从mysql官网下载安装包，点击[这里][Link 1]跳转下载 ##

![image.png][]  
下载完成后，将文件上传到服务器root目录下。

## 2. 创建mysql用户 ##

先创建mysql组，再创建mysql用户并添加到mysql组中。

groupadd mysql
    useradd mysql -r -g mysql
    # 验证用户组和用户
    id mysql

![image.png][image.png 1]

## 3. 创建程序、数据存放目录 ##

mkdir /home/mysql/{ program,data,conf} -p
    mkdir /home/mysql/data/mysqldata1/{ mydata,sock,tmpdir,log,innodb_ts,innodb_log,undo,slowlog,binlog,relaylog} -p
    # 查看创建的目录结果
    tree /home/mysql # 如果没有tree命令，可以使用yum install tree -y进行安装

![image.png][image.png 2]

## 4. 解压二进制安装文件并设置目录权限 ##

cd /root
    tar xf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C/home/mysql/program/
    chown mysql.mysql /home/mysql -R
    # 查看datadir关键目录权限是否正确,未改变之前应该都是root的
    ll /home/mysql/data/mysqldata1

![image.png][image.png 3]

## 5. 软链接程序路径，并设置mysql命令环境变量 ##

把/home/mysql/program/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64路径软链接到mysql默认的程序访问路径/usr/local/mysql下，并把/usr/local/mysql/bin/添加到环境变量中去，以便使用Mysql相关命令时不需要输入绝对路径。

ln -s /home/mysql/program/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
    # 查看basedir关键程序目录是否可用
    ll /usr/local/mysql/

![image.png][image.png 4]  
  
  
添加环境变量

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
    echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/' >> /etc/profile
    # 查看环境变量配置是否成功添加到/etc/profile文件中
    tail -l /etc/profile

![image.png][image.png 5]

## 6. 配置my.cnf文件参数 ##

[Link 1]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
[image.png]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMDc4NDc0ODktNGY0ZWU3NjItNjJjMi00MDcyLTliOTQtMDVkNjAwN2ZhNTU4LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=433&name=image.png&originHeight=866&originWidth=1772&size=161999&status=done&style=none&width=886
[image.png 1]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMDgwMDAwMjgtZjVmYjMxNGYtODA2MS00OGNlLTllYjgtMzI4MmUwZmZmYjFlLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=94&name=image.png&originHeight=188&originWidth=2028&size=39670&status=done&style=none&width=1014
[image.png 2]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMDgyMDYzNzEtZWQ3NTU1ZDUtNzE5My00NzQwLWIwZjYtMDAzMThkZGNkMTlhLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=491&name=image.png&originHeight=982&originWidth=2392&size=146137&status=done&style=none&width=1196
[image.png 3]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMTA0MDM5NDYtMTA0NmJlMmEtZWQ4Yy00OTY0LWEyMGEtZDZiMjZkMjMwZDAwLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=469&name=image.png&originHeight=938&originWidth=2020&size=212690&status=done&style=none&width=1010
[image.png 4]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMTA2Nzk1NjktZGY0ZThjZjgtMDRhYy00NDA0LTk5OWItMThmNDViYjI5MWE3LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=329&name=image.png&originHeight=658&originWidth=2018&size=153069&status=done&style=none&width=1009
[image.png 5]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubmxhcmsuY29tL3l1cXVlLzAvMjAyMC9wbmcvNjcxOTcwLzE1ODUyMTA4NTkxODEtNjk4ZTNkMjctNzUyYi00Y2YyLTg0ZGUtNWQ5NGI4NzhkMTNiLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#align=left&display=inline&height=373&name=image.png&originHeight=746&originWidth=1838&size=116104&status=done&style=none&width=919