Elasticsearch 简单入门

妖狐艹你老母 2023-02-11 10:21 23阅读 0赞

官方学习文档：  
https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/index.html

# 基本概念 #

## Index (索引) ##

动词，相当于MySQL 中的 insert  
名称，相当于MySQL中的Dabase

## Type （类型） ##

在 Index （索引）中，可以定义一个或多个类型，  
类似于MySQL 中的 Tabel；每一种类型的数据放在一起；

## Document （文档） ##

保存在某个索引下，某种类型的一个数据，文档是JSON格式，Document就像是MySQL中某个Table里面的内容

## 倒排索引机制 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

# Elasticsearch 安装 #

1、下载镜像文件

> docker pull elasticsearch:7.4.2  
> docker pull kibana:7.4.2 （可视化界面）

2、启动配置参数

>  *  mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/config
>  *  mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/data
>  *  chmod 777 -R /mydata/elasticsearch
>  *  echo http.host: 0.0.0.0 >> /mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
>  *  docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 \\  
>     \-e “discovery.type=single-node” -e ES\_JAVA\_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx128m" \\  
>     \-v /mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml \\  
>     \-v /mydata/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \\  
>     \-v /mydata/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \\  
>     \-d elasticsearch:7.4.2

3、查看启动日志

> docker logs elasticsearch

4、 查看是否启动成功

> docker ps

页面访问：出现如下结果说明启动成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

5、启动kibana

> docker run --name kibana -e ELASTICSEARCH\_HOSTS=http://192.168.31.148:9200 -p 5601:5601 -d kibana:7.4.2

6、访问 Kibane

> http://192.168.31.148:5601/  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

7、设置 开机自动启动

> docker update xx(id号) --restart=always  
> docker update xx（id号） --restart=always  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

# 初步检索 #

## 1、\_cat ##

get /\_cat/nodes：查看所有节点  
get /\_cat/health：查看 es 健康状况  
get /\_cat/master：查看主节点  
get /\_cat/indices：查看所有索引

示例：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

## 2、索引一个文档 ##

保存一个数据，保存在哪个索引下的哪个类型，指定用哪个唯一标识（带id）  
put customer/external/1 : 在customer 索引下的 external 类型下保存1号数据  
![20200525110103514.png][]

示例1：put 保存  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
保存成功后返回数据：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
示例1：post 保存 (可以不指定id)  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
返回结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

## 2、查询文档 ##

注意字段 \_seq\_no 是左并发控制的

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

示例：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200525111034294.png]  
返回值：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

## 4、更新文档 ##

注意：如果更新时候带上了 \_update，那么 数据一定要带上 dox，如示例1.

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

示例1： （带 \_update 更新）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]  
返回结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

示例2：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]  
返回结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

## 5、删除文档&索引 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200525113411332.png]

## 6、bulk 批量api （批量操作） ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2020052511523936.png]

使用 kibana 测试

示例：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]

# elasticsearch 进一步学习 #

参考官方文档：  
https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/index.html

# 分词 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Z5ajEzOTI1NDc1OTU3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]

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