OpenStack学习——简介

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2023-01-20 05:00 11阅读 0赞

# **虚拟化** #

虚拟化是一种具体技术，指把实体资源虚拟化。

虚拟化技术根据对象可以分成计算虚拟化、存储虚拟化、网络虚拟化。

虚拟化是一种具体技术，指的是一种资源管理技术，是将计算机的各种实体资源，如服务器、网络、内存及存储等，予以抽象、转换后呈现出来，打破实体结构间的不可切割的障碍，使用户可以比原本的组态以更好的方式来应用这些资源。

# **云计算** #

它是一种业务模式（它会提供一个资源池，使用者通过网络（互联网或局域网）根据自身的业务需求申请到所要的资源，从而满足计算的要求）

云：提供资源的网络我们称之为云

按需分配，随时伸缩

# **云计算的三种类型** #

私有云

公有云

混合云（12306）

# **云计算的三种业务模式** #

Infrastructure（as a Service）基础设施即服务

Platform（as a Service）平台即服务

Software（as a Service）软件即服务

# **什么是OpenStack？** #

OpenStack is a cloud operating system that controls large pools of compute, storage, and networking resources throughout a datacenter, all managed through a dashboard that gives administrators control while empowering their users to provision resources through a web interface.

OpenStack是一个云操作系统，可控制整个数据中心内的大型计算，存储和网络资源池，所有这些资源均通过仪表板进行管理，该仪表板可让管理员进行控制，同时授权其用户通过Web界面配置资源。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTMwNTg3NDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# **OpenStack核心项目** #

Compute Service（“Nova”）：计算资源生命周期管理组件

Network Service（“Neutron”）：提供云计算环境下的虚拟网络功能

Block Storage Service（“Cinder”）：管理计算实例所使用的块级存储

Object Storage Service（“Swift”）：对象存储，用于永久类型的静态数据的长期存储

Image Service（“Glance”）：提供虚拟机镜像的发现、注册、获取服务

Identity Service（“Keystone”）：提供了用户信息管理，为其他组件提供认证服务

Dashboard（“Horizon”）：用以管理、控制OpenStack服务的Web控制面板

# **各组件之间关系** #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTMwNTg3NDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# **OpenStack发展趋势** #

IaaS到PaaS

技术标准化

互联互通

# **OpenStack发展历史** #

<table style="margin-left:.15pt;"> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> Series </td> 
 <td> Status </td> 
 <td> Initial Release Date </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> EOL Date </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/xena/index.html" rel="nofollow">Xena</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Future</a> </td> 
 <td> 2021-10-06&nbsp;estimated&nbsp;<a href="https://releases.openstack.org/xena/schedule.html" rel="nofollow">(schedule)</a> </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/wallaby/index.html" rel="nofollow">Wallaby</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Development</a> </td> 
 <td> 2021-04-14&nbsp;estimated&nbsp;<a href="https://releases.openstack.org/wallaby/schedule.html" rel="nofollow">(schedule)</a> </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/victoria/index.html" rel="nofollow">Victoria</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Maintained</a> </td> 
 <td> 2020-10-14 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/ussuri/index.html" rel="nofollow">Ussuri</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Maintained</a> </td> 
 <td> 2020-05-13 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/train/index.html" rel="nofollow">Train</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Maintained</a> </td> 
 <td> 2019-10-16 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/stein/index.html" rel="nofollow">Stein</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Extended Maintenance</a>&nbsp;(see&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow">note</a>&nbsp;below) </td> 
 <td> 2019-04-10 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/rocky/index.html" rel="nofollow">Rocky</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Extended Maintenance</a>&nbsp;(see&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow">note</a>&nbsp;below) </td> 
 <td> 2018-08-30 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/queens/index.html" rel="nofollow">Queens</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Extended Maintenance</a>&nbsp;(see&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow">note</a>&nbsp;below) </td> 
 <td> 2018-02-28 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/pike/index.html" rel="nofollow">Pike</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Extended Maintenance</a>&nbsp;(see&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow">note</a>&nbsp;below) </td> 
 <td> 2017-08-30 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/ocata/index.html" rel="nofollow">Ocata</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">Extended Maintenance</a>&nbsp;(see&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow">note</a>&nbsp;below) </td> 
 <td> 2017-02-22 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/newton/index.html" rel="nofollow">Newton</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2016-10-06 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2017-10-25 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/mitaka/index.html" rel="nofollow">Mitaka</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2016-04-07 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2017-04-10 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/liberty/index.html" rel="nofollow">Liberty</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2015-10-15 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2016-11-17 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/kilo/index.html" rel="nofollow">Kilo</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2015-04-30 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2016-05-02 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/juno/index.html" rel="nofollow">Juno</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2014-10-16 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2015-12-07 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/icehouse/index.html" rel="nofollow">Icehouse</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2014-04-17 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2015-07-02 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/havana/index.html" rel="nofollow">Havana</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2013-10-17 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2014-09-30 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/grizzly/index.html" rel="nofollow">Grizzly</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2013-04-04 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2014-03-29 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/folsom/index.html" rel="nofollow">Folsom</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2012-09-27 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2013-11-19 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/essex/index.html" rel="nofollow">Essex</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2012-04-05 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2013-05-06 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/diablo/index.html" rel="nofollow">Diablo</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2011-09-22 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> 2013-05-06 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/cactus/index.html" rel="nofollow">Cactus</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2011-04-15 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/bexar/index.html" rel="nofollow">Bexar</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2011-02-03 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> <a href="https://releases.openstack.org/austin/index.html" rel="nofollow">Austin</a> </td> 
 <td> <a rel="nofollow">End Of Life</a> </td> 
 <td> 2010-10-21 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td> &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# **OpenStack开发语言** #

所有代码均采用Python语言开发

# **OpenStack逻辑架构** #

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