mysql5.1.57_CentOS 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器 [转载]...

系统管理员 2023-01-12 10:26 52阅读 0赞

由于生产环境都是freebsd平台，之前也写了一篇FreeBSD下安装 mysql5.1.56+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器，有童鞋想要帮忙写一篇关于centos下的安 装教程，其实网上也有很多，但是好多都不是太完整，或多或少的出现些问题，所以就写了一篇 centos 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器

在高并发连接的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结 果，nginx 1.0.1 + PHP 5.2.17 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。

第一步：安装系统环境需要的软件

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-libs krb5-devel krb5-server libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss\_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

第二步：编译安装PHP所需要的库

mkdir -p /data/soft

mkdir -p /data/src

cd /data/src

wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

cd ..

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

cd ../../

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2/download

tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2

cd mhash-0.9.9.9

./configure

make && make install

echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf

/sbin/ldconfig

cd ..

wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make && make install

第三步：编译安装mysql

cd /data/src

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz/from/http://mirror.services.wisc.edu/mysql/

tar zxvf mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.1.57

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

./configure --prefix=/data/soft/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile

make && make install

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/soft/mysql

chmod u+w /data/soft/mysql

mkdir -p /data/database

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/database

以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql\_install\_db --basedir=/data/soft/mysql --datadir=/data/database --user=mysql

创建mysql配置文件

rm -rf /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf

vi /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf

如下：

\[client\]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

\[mysql\]

no-auto-rehash

\[mysqld\]

user = mysql

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /data/soft/mysql

datadir = /data/database

open\_files\_limit = 600

back\_log = 20

max\_connections = 1000

max\_connect\_errors = 200

table\_cache = 60

external-locking = FALSE

max\_allowed\_packet = 16M

sort\_buffer\_size = 128K

join\_buffer\_size = 128K

thread\_cache\_size = 10

thread\_concurrency = 8

query\_cache\_size = 2M

query\_cache\_limit = 2M

query\_cache\_min\_res\_unit = 2k

default\_table\_type = MyISAM

thread\_stack = 192K

transaction\_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED

tmp\_table\_size = 512K

max\_heap\_table\_size = 32M

/data/soft/mysql/logs/slow.log

/data/soft/mysql/logs/error.log

long\_query\_time = 1

log\_long\_format

server-id = 1

\#log-bin = /data/soft/mysql/binlog

binlog\_cache\_size = 2M

max\_binlog\_cache\_size = 4M

max\_binlog\_size = 512M

expire\_logs\_days = 7

key\_buffer\_size = 4M

read\_buffer\_size = 1M

read\_rnd\_buffer\_size = 2M

bulk\_insert\_buffer\_size = 2M

myisam\_sort\_buffer\_size = 4M

myisam\_max\_sort\_file\_size = 10G

myisam\_max\_extra\_sort\_file\_size = 10G

myisam\_repair\_threads = 1

myisam\_recover

\[mysqldump\]

quick

max\_allowed\_packet = 16M

修改mysqld脚本

cp /data/soft/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改

basedir=/data/soft/mysql

datadir=/data/database

ln -s /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf

启动mysql

service mysqld start

lsof -i:3306

netstat -ntupl |grep 3306

测试登录mysql

/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

mysql> createdatabase hello;

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

chkconfig --list |grep mysqld

service mysqld restart

第四步：编译安装PHP(FastCGI)

1、安装php-5.2.17

cd /data/src

wget http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz

tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1

cd php-5.2.17

sed -i "s/\\!png\_check\_sig (sig, 8)/png\_sig\_cmp (sig, 0, 8)/" ext/gd/libgd/gd\_png.c

cp ../fopen\_wrappers.c main/ 此处参考FreeBSD下php修改源代码解决nginx虚拟主机防webshell跨目录

./configure --prefix=/data/soft/php --with-config-file-path=/data/soft/php/etc --with-mysql=/data/soft/mysql --with-mysqli=/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql\_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap

make ZEND\_EXTRA\_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

cd ..

2、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.6/

/data/soft/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

cd ..

wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/data/soft/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --without-eaccelerator-use-inode

make && make install

cd ..

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO\_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

tar zxvf PDO\_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO\_MYSQL-1.0.2

/data/soft/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/data/soft/mysql

make && make install

cd ..

wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/73608965/ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz

tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.7.0-8

./configure

make && make install

cd ..

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz

tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz

cd imagick-3.0.1

/data/soft/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

cd ..

3、修改php.ini文件

sed -i "s/output\_buffering = Off/output\_buffering = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/extension\_dir =/; extension\_dir =/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/; cgi.fix\_pathinfo=0/cgi.fix\_pathinfo=0/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i 's%;open\_basedir =%open\_basedir ="/tmp/:/data/www/"%' /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/disable\_functions =/disable\_functions = popen,pentl\_exec,passthru,exec,system,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell\_exec,proc\_open,proc\_get\_status,ini\_alter,ini\_alter,ini\_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream\_socket\_server,show\_source,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,curl\_exec,curl\_multi\_exec,parse\_ini\_file,assert/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/expose\_php = On/expose\_php = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/display\_errors = On/display\_errors = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s/log\_errors = Off/log\_errors = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

在php.ini最后添加如下：

extension\_dir = "/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "pdo\_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

\[eaccelerator\]

zend\_extension="/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm\_size="1"

eaccelerator.cache\_dir="/data/soft/eaccelerator\_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check\_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm\_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm\_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm\_prune\_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm\_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress\_level="9"

eaccelerator.keys = "disk\_only"

eaccelerator.sessions = "disk\_only"

eaccelerator.content = "disk\_only"

4、创建eAccelerator缓存目录

mkdir -p /data/soft/eaccelerator\_cache

5、创建php-fpm.conf文件

rm /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

如下：

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.pid

Error log file

/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.log

Log level

notice

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

yes

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

default

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

127.0.0.1:9000

Set listen(2) backlog

\-1

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

0666

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i

Unix user of processes

www

Unix group of processes

www

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

static

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP\_FCGI\_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm\_style.

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm\_style is selected

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm\_style is selected

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm\_style is selected

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max\_execution\_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

'0s' means 'off'

The log file for slow requests

logs/slow.log

Set open file desc rlimit

65535

Set max core size rlimit

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

yes

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP\_FCGI\_MAX\_REQUESTS

1024

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI\_WEB\_SERVER\_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF\_INET listening socket.

127.0.0.1

Pass environment variables like LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

/tmp

$OSTYPE

$MACHTYPE

6、创建www用户及启动php-fpm并加入启动脚本

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /data/www

chown -R www:www /data/www

chmod +w /data/www

ulimit -SHn 65535

/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start

echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >> /etc/rc.local

echo "/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >> /etc/rc.local

第五步、编译安装Nginx-1.0.1

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.12.tar.gz

tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.12

./configure

make && make install

cd ..

2、安装nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.0.1

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/soft/nginx --with-http\_ssl\_module --with-http\_stub\_status\_module --with-http\_gzip\_static\_module --with-http\_realip\_module --with-http\_dav\_module --with-http\_flv\_module --with-http\_addition\_module --with-http\_sub\_module

make && make install

cd ..

3、创建nginx配置文件

rm -f /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

如下：

user www www;

worker\_processes 1;

error\_log /data/soft/nginx/logs/error.log crit;

pid /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.pid;

\#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker\_rlimit\_nofile 65535;