12306购票抓包分析以及任务分解

我就是我 2023-01-11 13:06 180阅读 0赞

## 12306购票抓包分析以及任务分解 ##

##### 学习目标： #####

1.  了解 12306抓包过程

--------------------

### 1.1 抓包分析 ###

> 使用谷歌浏览器或fiddler等抓包工具完成登陆以及购票操作，进行抓包，根据 `具有业务作用` 或 `被set-cookie` 确定以下内容：

1.  url
2.  query
3.  method
4.  data
5.  Referer
6.  response.text / response.json()

#### 1.1.1 `https://www.12306.cn/index/` ####

> 作用：获取cookies

*  GET

#### 1.1.2 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/conf` ####

> 作用：获取cookies

*  POST
 *  data 无
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`

#### 1.1.3 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index12306/getLoginBanner` ####

> 作用：获取cookies

*  GET
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {
              "validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":...

#### 1.1.4 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk-static` ####

> 作用：获取cookies，检查用户是否登录

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'appid': 'otn'}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"result_message":"用户未登录","result_code":1}

#### 1.1.5 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/create-qr64` ####

> 作用：获取cookies，获取登录二维码

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'appid': 'otn'}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"result_message":"生成二维码成功","result_code":"0","image":"iVBO...","uuid":"..."}
    
     *  uuid

#### 1.1.6 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/checkqr` ####

> 作用：获取cookies，查询二维码状态

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'appid': 'otn', 'uuid': uuid}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"result_message":"二维码状态查询成功","result_code":"0"}

#### 1.1.7 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image64?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand&_={}` ####

> 作用：获取验证码图片

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  `str(time.time() * 1000)[:-5]` 13位时间戳
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"result_message":"生成验证码成功","result_code":"0","image":"/9j..."}
    
     *  image：base64 图片编码

#### 1.1.8 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check?answer={}&rand=sjrand&login_site=E&_={}` ####

> 作用：验证图片验证码

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  answer 图片验证码坐标
     *  `str(time.time() * 1000)[:-5]` 13位时间戳
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {'result_message': '验证码校验成功', 'result_code': '4'}

#### 1.1.9 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login` ####

> 作用：登录

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'username': username,
        'password': password,
        'appid': 'otn',
        'answer': answer} # 图片验证码坐标 1.8小结
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"result_message":"登录成功","result_code":0,"uamtk":"mZflRtMjLW9f7tIDMvjiZR0qp5uuO3zJQBHeCHvMrxssd1210"}

#### 1.1.10 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/userLogin` ####

> 作用：302跳转

*  GET
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`

#### 1.1.11 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin` ####

> 作用：进入登陆页，获取cookie或行为验证

*  GET
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html`

#### 1.1.12 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk` ####

> 作用：获取newapptk

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'appid': 'otn'}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin`
 *  response.json()
    
        {'result_message': '验证通过', 'result_code': 0, 'apptk': None, 'newapptk': '9pHw2HZlkEEoUm_Nc4DJxl1QUk6NdAZqz4DXs3B2mHAga1210'}
    
     *  newapptk

#### 1.1.13 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/uamauthclient` ####

> 作用：登录后验证

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'tk': newapptk}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin`
 *  response.json()
    
        {'apptk': '9pHw2HZlkEEoUm_Nc4DJxl1QUk6NdAZqz4DXs3B2mHAga1210', 'result_code': 0, 'result_message': '验证通过', 'username': '赵艳秋'}

#### 1.1.14 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9076` ####

> 作用：解析获取车站/城市信息字典

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  station\_version=1.9076 \# 随着国家的发展，新增车站/城市，会新增版本号

#### 1.1.15 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/log?leftTicketDTO.train_date=%s&leftTicketDTO.from_station=%s&leftTicketDTO.to_station=%s&purpose_codes=ADULT` ####

> 作用：查询车量信息前置操作

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  train\_data 出行时间 固定格式 `2018-12-03`
     *  from\_station\_code 出行车站/城市编码
     *  to\_station\_code 到达车站/城市编码
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"messages":[],"validateMessages":{}}

#### 1.1.16 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query?leftTicketDTO.train_date=%s&leftTicketDTO.from_station=%s&leftTicketDTO.to_station=%s&purpose_codes=ADULT` ####

> 作用：查询车量信息

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  train\_data 出行时间 固定格式 `2018-12-03`
     *  from\_station\_code 出行车站/城市编码 from 车站/城市信息字典\[from\_station\]
     *  to\_station\_code 到达车站/城市编码 from 车站/城市信息字典\[to\_station\]
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init`
 *  response.json()
    
     *  此处需要解析车辆信息
     *  secretStr
     *  leftTicket
     *  train\_location

#### 1.1.17 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/checkUser` ####

> 作用：检查用户是否保持登录状态

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'_json_att': ''}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init`
 *  response.json()
    
        {'validateMessagesShowId': '_validatorMessage', 'status': True, 'httpstatus': 200, 'data': {'flag': True}, 'messages': [], 'validateMessages': {}}

#### 1.1.18 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/submitOrderRequest` ####

> 作用：点击预定车票

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {
              
        'secretStr': secretStr,
        'train_date': train_date,
        'back_train_date': train_date,
        'tour_flag': 'dc',  # dc 单程 wf 往返
        'purpose_codes': 'ADULT',  # 成人
        'query_from_station_name': from_station, # 车站/城市信息字典[from_station]
        'query_to_station_name': to_station, # 车站/城市信息字典[to_station]
        'undefined': ''
        }
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":"N","messages":[],"validateMessages":{}}

#### 1.1.19 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc` ####

> 作用：订单初始化 获取REPEAT\_SUBMIT\_TOKEN 和 key\_check\_isChange

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'_json_att': ''}
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init`
 *  response.text
    
     *  repeat\_submit\_token 正则获取
     *  key\_check\_isChange 正则获取

#### 1.1.20 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getPassengerDTOs` ####

> 作用：获取用户信息

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {'_json_att': '',
        'REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN': repeat_submit_token} # 1.1.19获取
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
     *  需要解析并构造乘客信息
     *  需要解析坐席编码 `seat_type`
     *  passengerTicketStr
        
            passengerTicketStr = '%s,0,1,%s,%s,%s,%s,N' % (
                        seat_type, passenger_info_dict['passenger_name'],
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_id_type_code'],
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_id_no'],
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_mobile_no'])
     *  oldPassengerStr
        
            oldPassengerStr = '%s,%s,%s,1_' % (
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_name'],
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_id_type_code'],
                        passenger_info_dict['passenger_id_no'])

#### 1.1.21 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/checkOrderInfo` ####

> 作用：检查选票人信息

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {
              
        'cancel_flag': '2',  # 未知
        'bed_level_order_num': '000000000000000000000000000000',  # 未知
        'passengerTicketStr': passengerTicketStr.encode('utf-8'),  # O,0,1,靳文强,1,142303199512240614,18335456020,N
        'oldPassengerStr': oldPassengerStr.encode('utf-8'),  # 靳文强,1,142303199512240614,1_
        'tour_flag': 'dc',  # 单程
        'randCode': '',
        'whatsSelect': '1',
        '_json_att': '',
        'REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN': repeat_submit_token # 1.1.19获取
        }
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":{"ifShowPassCode":"N","canChooseBeds":"N","canChooseSeats":"N","choose_Seats":"MOP9","isCanChooseMid":"N","ifShowPassCodeTime":"1","submitStatus":true,"smokeStr":""},"messages":[],"validateMessages":{}}

#### 1.1.22 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getQueueCount` ####

> 作用：提交订单,并获取持票未付款的人数，和车票的真实余数

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {
              
        'train_date': parseDate(train_date),  # Fri Nov 24 2017 00:00:00 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)
        'train_no': train_info_dict['train_no'],  # 6c0000G31205
        'stationTrainCode': train_info_dict['stationTrainCode'],  # G312
        'seatType': seat_type,  # 席别
        'fromStationTelecode': train_info_dict['from_station'],  # one_train[6]
        'toStationTelecode': train_info_dict['to_station'],  # ? one_train[7]
        'leftTicket': train_info_dict['leftTicket'],  # one_train[12]
        'purpose_codes': '00',
        'train_location': train_info_dict['train_location'],  # one_train[15]
        '_json_att': '',
        'REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN': repeat_submit_token # 1.1.19获取
        }
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
        {
              "validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":{
              "count":"0","ticket":"20,100","op_2":"false","countT":"0","op_1":"false"},"messages":[],"validateMessages":{
              }}
    
     *  count 持票未付款的人数
     *  ticket 车票的真实余数

#### 1.1.23 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/confirmSingleForQueue` ####

> 作用：确认订单,进行扣票

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {
              
        'passengerTicketStr': passengerTicketStr.encode('utf-8'),
        'oldPassengerStr': oldPassengerStr.encode('utf-8'),
        'randCode': '',
        'purpose_codes': '00',
        'key_check_isChange': key_check_isChange,
        'leftTicketStr': leftTicket,
        'train_location': train_location,  # one_train[15]
        'choose_seats': '',  # 选择坐席 ABCDEF 上中下铺 默认为空不选
        'seatDetailType': '000',
        'whatsSelect': '1',
        'roomType': '00',
        'dwAll': 'N',  # ?
        '_json_att': '',
        'REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN': repeat_submit_token # 1.1.19获取
        }
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
        {
              'validateMessagesShowId': '_validatorMessage', 'status': True, 'httpstatus': 200, 'data': {
              'submitStatus': True}, 'messages': [], 'validateMessages': {
              }}

#### 1.1.24 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/queryOrderWaitTime?random=%s&tourFlag=dc&_json_att=&REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN=%s` ####

> 作用：排队等待 返回waittime(下次发送重复请求所需要的等待时间) 重复发送请求直到获取 requestID 和 orderID

*  GET
 *  query
    
     *  str(int(time.time() \* 1000))
     *  repeat\_submit\_token \# 1.1.19获取
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":{"queryOrderWaitTimeStatus":true,"count":0,"waitTime":4,"requestId":6478994818521140385,"waitCount":1,"tourFlag":"dc","orderId":null},"messages":[],"validateMessages":{}}

#### 1.1.25 `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue` ####

> 作用：获取订单结果，如果提示“网络传输过程中数据丢失，请查看未完成订单，继续支付！”则购票成功！

*  POST
 *  data
    
        {
        'orderSequence_no': orderID, # 1.1.24获取
        '_json_att': '',
        'REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN': repeat_submit_token # 1.1.24获取
        }
 *  Referer `https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc`
 *  response.json()
    
        {"validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage","status":true,"httpstatus":200,"data":{"errMsg":"网络传输过程中数据丢失，请查看未完成订单，继续支付！","submitStatus":false},"messages":[],"validateMessages":{}}

### 1.2 项目任务分解 ###

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