重温SpringCloud搭建微服务项目

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2023-01-05 15:25 253阅读 0赞

## **一 新建一个项目作为微服务项目的父项目** ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**基于此，该项目什么组件都不选，整个项目由maven进行管理，因为微服务需要一个父模块+多个子模块，我们就将该项目作为父模块并利用它来管理子模块。**

## **二 新建一个子模块，作为SpringCloud项目的核心——eureka注册中心，因为微服务需要把一个整个后台应用拆分成一个个小的功能模块，我们需要通过一个注册中心来保证模块之间的通信。** ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

**选择组件Eureka Server**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

**通过注解@EnableEurekaServer开启服务**

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer //开启Eureka服务
    public class ServiceEurekaApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ServiceEurekaApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

**对注册中心进行配置，这里通过application.yml配置文件进行配置，也可以用application.properties文件进行配置。他们都可以配置工程。**

server:
      # 配置服务端口
      port: 8081
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          # 配置eureka服务器地址
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8081/eureka
        #是否需要将自己注册到注册中心(注册中心集群需要设置为true)
        register-with-eureka: false
        #是否需要搜索服务信息 因为自己是注册中心所以为false
        fetch-registry: false

## 三创建微服务 ##

### **微服务service-one** ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

**选择web组件，用来写api接口；选择Eureka Discovery Client组件作为注册中心客户端模块；选择组件OpenFeign模块，使得微服务之间的调用变得简单。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**通过applicaiton.yml对微服务service-one进行配置**

server:
      # 服务端口号
      port: 8082
    spring:
      application:
        # 服务名称 - 服务之间使用名称进行通讯
        name: service-one
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          # 填写注册中心服务器地址
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka
        # 是否需要将自己注册到注册中心
        register-with-eureka: true
        # 是否需要搜索服务信息
        fetch-registry: true
      instance:
        # 使用ip地址注册到注册中心
        prefer-ip-address: true
        # 注册中心列表中显示的状态参数
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}

**通过注解@EnableEurekaClient配置Eureka客户端**

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    public class ServiceOneApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ServiceOneApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

**编写服务service一个简单访问控制测试类**

@RestController
    public class TestController {
        @RequestMapping("/hello")
        public String hello(){
            return "hello world";
        }
    }

### 微服务service-two ###

**构建过程和选择的组件同service-one一致，所以步骤省略。通过注解@EnableEurekaClient配置Eureka客户端。**

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    public class ServiceTwoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ServiceTwoApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

**通过applicaiton.yml配置文件对该微服务进行配置。**

server:
      # 服务端口号
      port: 8083
    spring:
      application:
        # 服务名称 - 服务之间使用名称进行通讯
        name: service-two
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          # 填写注册中心服务器地址
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka
        # 是否需要将自己注册到注册中心
        register-with-eureka: true
        # 是否需要搜索服务信息
        fetch-registry: true
      instance:
        # 使用ip地址注册到注册中心
        prefer-ip-address: true
        # 注册中心列表中显示的状态参数
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}

**编写接口ServiceOneFeignClient，通过注解@FeignClient("SERVICE-ONE")调用微服务service-one**

@FeignClient("SERVICE-ONE")
    public interface ServiceOneFeignClient {
        @RequestMapping("/hello")
        public String hello();
    }

**编写service-two的访问控制接口**

@RestController
    public class TestController {
    
        @Autowired
        private ServiceOneFeignClient serviceOneFeignClient;
    
        @RequestMapping("/call")
        public String call() {
            String result = serviceOneFeignClient.hello();
            return "Server B call Server A : " + result;
        }
    }

**提示Could not autowire. No beans of 'ServiceOneFeignClient' type found。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**设置Settings->Inspections->Spring将Severity设置为Warning级别。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

**在ServiceTwoApplication增加注解@EnableFeignClients**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

**启动微服务应用**

![20210113113443402.png][]

**注册中心**：[http://localhost:8081][http_localhost_8081]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NhbG1fZW5jb2Rl_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

**服务service-one：**[http://localhost:8082/hello][http_localhost_8082_hello]

![20210113113225429.png][]

**服务service-tow：**[http://localhost:8083/call][http_localhost_8083_call]

![20210113120257186.png][]

至此一个简单的微服务应用项目就告一段落了，后续还有很多内容进行回顾。

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[20210113113443402.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210113113443402.png
[http_localhost_8081]: http://localhost:8081/
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[http_localhost_8082_hello]: http://localhost:8082/hello
[20210113113225429.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210113113225429.png
[http_localhost_8083_call]: http://localhost:8083/call
[20210113120257186.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210113120257186.png