谈谈如何使用Go的调试工具dlv

我不是女神ヾ 2023-01-04 11:54 125阅读 0赞

Go给我们提供了一个非常好用的调试工具dlv（类似于gdb）。

## 1、delve（dlv）安装方法 ##

dlv的具体安装方法参考：[https://github.com/go-delve/delve][https_github.com_go-delve_delve]

![a6806788b617acd8ee7332a67e0386a6.png][]

![7f3280725e5aeb4ce11dc14bbc71919d.png][]

由于我的环境是Linux Centos环境，所以选择Linux安全，这里有两种方法，选择哪种方法都可以。

安装成功后，运行dlv命令，显示如下图所示：

![d53a363b8679fca3f88f8f4b645f92ea.png][]

## 2、Debug 第一个golang程序 ##

Description：程序是从一个config.yaml文件中读取配置信息输出。

其中，config.yaml是我们的配置文件：

TimeStamp: "2018-07-16 10:23:19"
    Author: "WZP"
    PassWd: "Hello"
    Information:
      Name: "Harry"
      Age: "37"
      Alise:
        - "Lion"
        - "NK"
        - "KaQS"
      Image: "/path/header.rpg"
      Public: false
    
    Favorite:
      Sport:
        - "swimming"
        - "football"
      Music:
        - "zui xuan min zu feng"
      LuckyNumber: 99

主程序main.go文件：

package main
    
    import (
            "fmt"
            "log"
    
            "github.com/spf13/viper"
    )
    
    type config struct {
            v *viper.Viper
    }
    
    func LoadConfigFromYaml(c *config) error {
            c.v = viper.New()
            c.v.SetConfigFile("./config.yaml")
    
            if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
                    return err
            }
            age := c.v.Get("Information.Age")
            name := c.v.Get("Information.Name")
            log.Printf("age:%s, name:%s\n", age, name)
    
            m := c.v.Sub("information")
            log.Printf("keys:%s, image:%s", m.AllKeys(), m.Get("image"))
            return nil
    }
    
    func main() {
            cfg := config{v: viper.New()}
            if err := LoadConfigFromYaml(&cfg); err != nil {
                    fmt.Println("Failed read config")
            }
    }

## 3、启动dlv debug main.go ##

dlv debug main.go
    Type 'help' for list of commands.
    (dlv) break main.main
    Breakpoint 1 set at 0x97be08 for main.main() ./main.go:30
    (dlv) continue
    > main.main() ./main.go:30 (hits goroutine(1):1 total:1) (PC: 0x97be08)
        25:         m := c.v.Sub("information")
        26:         log.Printf("keys:%s, image:%s", m.AllKeys(), m.Get("image"))
        27:         return nil
        28: }
        29:
    =>  30: func main() {
        31:         cfg := config{v: viper.New()}
        32:         if err := LoadConfigFromYaml(&cfg); err != nil {
        33:                 fmt.Println("Failed read config")
        34:         }
        35: }
    (dlv) break main.LoadConfigFromYaml
    Breakpoint 2 set at 0x97b9eb for main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:14
    (dlv) c
    > main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:14 (hits goroutine(1):1 total:1) (PC: 0x97b9eb)
         9:
        10: type config struct {
        11:         v *viper.Viper
        12: }
        13:
    =>  14: func LoadConfigFromYaml(c *config) error {
        15:         c.v = viper.New()
        16:         c.v.SetConfigFile("./config.yaml")
        17:
        18:         if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
        19:                 return err
    (dlv) next
    > main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:15 (PC: 0x97ba0d)
        10: type config struct {
        11:         v *viper.Viper
        12: }
        13:
        14: func LoadConfigFromYaml(c *config) error {
    =>  15:         c.v = viper.New()
        16:         c.v.SetConfigFile("./config.yaml")
        17:
        18:         if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
        19:                 return err
        20:         }
    (dlv) break 21
    Breakpoint 3 set at 0x97bac4 for main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:21
    (dlv) c
    > main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:21 (hits goroutine(1):1 total:1) (PC: 0x97bac4)
        16:         c.v.SetConfigFile("./config.yaml")
        17:
        18:         if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
        19:                 return err
        20:         }
    =>  21:         age := c.v.Get("Information.Age")
        22:         name := c.v.Get("Information.Name")
        23:         log.Printf("age:%s, name:%s\n", age, name)
        24:
        25:         m := c.v.Sub("information")
        26:         log.Printf("keys:%s, image:%s", m.AllKeys(), m.Get("image"))
    (dlv) next
    > main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:22 (PC: 0x97bb0e)
        17:
        18:         if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
        19:                 return err
        20:         }
        21:         age := c.v.Get("Information.Age")
    =>  22:         name := c.v.Get("Information.Name")
        23:         log.Printf("age:%s, name:%s\n", age, name)
        24:
        25:         m := c.v.Sub("information")
        26:         log.Printf("keys:%s, image:%s", m.AllKeys(), m.Get("image"))
        27:         return nil
    (dlv) p age
    interface {}(string) "37"
    (dlv) n
    > main.LoadConfigFromYaml() ./main.go:23 (PC: 0x97bb55)
        18:         if err := c.v.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
        19:                 return err
        20:         }
        21:         age := c.v.Get("Information.Age")
        22:         name := c.v.Get("Information.Name")
    =>  23:         log.Printf("age:%s, name:%s\n", age, name)
        24:
        25:         m := c.v.Sub("information")
        26:         log.Printf("keys:%s, image:%s", m.AllKeys(), m.Get("image"))
        27:         return nil
        28: }
    (dlv) locals
    age = interface {}(string) "37"
    name = interface {}(string) "Harry"
    (dlv) c
    2020/04/06 14:03:29 age:37, name:Harry
    2020/04/06 14:03:29 keys:[alise image public name age], image:/path/header.rpg
    Process 5775 has exited with status 0

简单介绍一下，上述使用的命令：

> 1、dlv debug main.go \#debug一个main.go程序  
> 2、break（b）main.main \#在main包里的main函数入口打断点  
> 3、continue（c） \#继续运行，直到断点处停止  
> 4、next（n） \#单步运行  
> 5、locals \#打印local variables  
> 6、print（p） \#打印一个变量或者表达式  
> 7、restart（r） \#Restart Process

以上是常用的调试命令，还有一些command，可以执行dlv help查看具体用法，本篇就到这里，Done!

[https_github.com_go-delve_delve]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//github.com/go-delve/delve
[a6806788b617acd8ee7332a67e0386a6.png]: /images/20221119/4638febe9fbe430ea8a7a2aee627f526.png
[7f3280725e5aeb4ce11dc14bbc71919d.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/7f3280725e5aeb4ce11dc14bbc71919d.png
[d53a363b8679fca3f88f8f4b645f92ea.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d53a363b8679fca3f88f8f4b645f92ea.png