OpenVAS的安装、使用及实战(GVM，Metasploit使用)

拼搏现实的明天。 2023-01-03 01:44 805阅读 0赞

**目录**

简介

环境

openvas的组件构成

安装OpenVAS（失败）

安装GVM

使用GVM

更新NVT特征库

WEB页面

报告生成格式

内置扫描配置方案

实战

新建任务

漏洞报告

www.dvssc.com

service.com

gate.dvssc.com

漏洞整理

Metasploit使用OpenVAS（失败）

加载插件

连接

参考

--------------------

# 简介 #

OpenVAS是类似Nessus的综合型漏洞扫描器，可以用来识别远程主机、Web应用存在的各种漏洞。Nessus曾经是业内开源漏洞扫描工具的标准，在Nessus商业化不再开放源代码后，在它的原始项自中分支出openVAS开源项目。经过多年的发展，openVAS已成为当前最好用的开源漏洞扫描工具，功能非常强大，甚至可以与一些商业的漏洞扫描工具媲美。OpenVAS使用NVT(Network Vulnerabilty Test网络漏洞测试）脚本对多种远程系统（包括Windows、Linux、UNix以及Web应用程序等）的安全问题进行检测。

模块

## 环境 ##

操作系统：kali

软件：msf

## openvas的组件构成 ##

1、服务器层组件：  
• openvas-scanner（扫描器）：负责调用各种漏洞检测插件，完成实际的扫描操作。  
• openvas-manager（管理器）：负责分配扫描任务，并根据扫描结果生产评估报告。  
• openvas-administrator（管理者）：负责管理配置信息，用户授权等相关工作。

2、客户层组件：  
• openvas-cli（命令行接口）：负责提供从命令行访问OpenVAS服务层程序。  
• greenbone-security-assistant（安装助手）：负责提供访问OpenVAS服务层的Web接口，便于通过浏览器来建立扫描任务，是使用最简便的客户层组件。  
• Greenbone-Desktop-Suite（桌面套件）：负责提供访问OpenVAS服务层的图形程序界面，主要允许在Windows客户机中。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][] OpenVAS功能模块图

# 安装OpenVAS（失败） #

不要照着下面的做。。。原因可能是我的kili版本太新。

更新源

apt-get update

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][] 更新完成

apt-get install openvas

或者

apt install openvas -y

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][] 依赖出问题

如果没出问题就不用进行下面的步骤了

移除模块冲突依赖

apt-get remove libgcc-9-dev mitmproxy

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][] 移除依赖

删除自动下载的无用库，再次运行添加 --fix-missing选项

apt autoremove
    apt-get remove libgcc-9-dev mitmproxy --fix-missing

重新安装openvas

apt-get -y install openvas

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][] 安装完成

从图形化界面也可以找到了，漏洞分析->OpenVAS

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![2021010912000299.PNG][]

安装失败，只能安装最新版了。。。

# 安装GVM #

OpenVAS改名为GVM了，通过以下命令进行一些更新。

apt update
    apt-get update
    apt dist-upgrade

通过以下命令进行gvm的安装

apt-get install gvm -y

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

设置

gvm-setup

![20210109152827259.PNG][]

apt-get install postgresql-13
    pg_dropcluster 13 main --stop
    pg_upgradecluster 12 main

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

再次进行设置，注意保存长串密码。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

漫长的等待...

使用命令

gvm-start

打开页面

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

可以使用命令

gvm-check-setup

来检查是否安装成功，会分8步进行检查

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

# 使用GVM #

## 更新NVT特征库 ##

使用命令

gvm-feed-update

来更新NVT特征库

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

以后也要常更新

## WEB页面 ##

### 登录 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

想改密码，可以使用命令

runuser -u _gvm -- gvmd --user=admin --new-password=123456

我就直接用浏览器去记住了

### 报告生成格式 ###

Configuration->Report Formats

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

报告格式包含XML、CSV等。点击蓝色链接可看到详细信息，点击左上角放大镜可看更多信息。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

### 内置扫描配置方案 ###

Configurationg->Scan configs

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

点击蓝色链接，查看详细信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

点击放大镜查看具体信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

包括扫描、NVT会做些什么，以及权限等。可以看到会进行PostgreSQL、主机的探测等

# 实战 #

靶机环境可查看：[《MetaSploit渗透测试魔鬼训练营》之环境搭建][MetaSploit]

## 新建任务 ##

Scans->Tasks

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

点击上图圈红图标->New Task

或者快速开始，点击魔法棒图标->Task Wizard，输入扫描主机主机名或ip即可。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

服务器和网关也同样进行扫描。

![20210110114901995.PNG][]

等待一会儿，等到Status为Done时，就可以导出报告了

![20210110141927805.PNG][]

## 漏洞报告 ##

### www.dvssc.com ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

选择上图下载按钮，下载XML、CSV等格式的报告。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

### service.com ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 26][]

同样下载报告

### gate.dvssc.com ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 27][]

同样下载报告

## 漏洞整理 ##

xml中内容样式如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 28][]

csv格式报告中部分内容如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 29][]

同样，包含ip、主机名、端口号、漏洞等级、CVE编号、探测方法、影响、解决办法等

<table> 漏洞扫描结果 
 <thead> 
 <tr> 
 <th style="width:70px;">主机名</th> 
 <th style="width:10px;">端口</th> 
 <th style="width:179px;">漏洞</th> 
 <th style="width:269px;">补充</th> 
 <th style="width:137px;">CVE</th> 
 </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1" style="width:70px;">网站(www.dvssc.com)</td> 
 <td style="width:10px;">8080</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">The Apache Tomcat Manager/Host Manager/Server Status is using default or known &nbsp; hardcoded credentials.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;"> It was possible to login into the Tomcat Host Manager at http://www.dvssc.com:8080/host-manager/html,http://www.dvssc.com:8080/manager/html,http://www.dvssc.com:8080/manager/status using user "root" with password "owaspbwa" </td> 
 <td style="width:137px;"> CVE-2010-4094, CVE-2009-3548, CVE-2009-4189, CVE-2009-3099, CVE-2009-3843, CVE-2009-4188, CVE-2010-0557 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">This host is running Apache httpd web server and is prone to denial &nbsp; of service vulnerability.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">Successful exploitation will let the remote unauthenticated attackers to &nbsp; cause a denial of service.</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2011-3192</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">Joomla! &lt; 3.9.13 Multiple Vulnerabilities</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">Installed version: 1.5.9</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2019-18650,CVE-2019-18674</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;"> Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware is prone to multiple unspecified vulnerabilities, including: &nbsp; - An unspecified SQL-injection vulnerability &nbsp; - An unspecified authentication-bypass vulnerability &nbsp; - An unspecified vulnerability </td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">Installed version: 1.9.5</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2010-1135,CVE-2010-1134,CVE-2010-1133,CVE-2010-1136</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">8080</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">Source Control Management (SCM) Files Accessible</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;"><a href="http://www.dvssc.com:8080/.svn/all-wcprops" rel="nofollow">http://www.dvssc.com:8080/.svn/all-wcprops</a></td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1" style="width:70px;">网站服务器(service.dvssc.com)</td> 
 <td style="width:10px;">21</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">Reports if the remote FTP Server allows anonymous logins.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;"> It was possible to login to the remote FTP service with the following anonymous account(s): anonymous:anonymous@example.com ftp:anonymous@example.com </td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2009-0542</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">This host is running Microsoft IIS Webserver and is prone to &nbsp; information disclosure vulnerability.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">File/Folder name found on server starting with :aspnet</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">135</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">Distributed Computing Environment / Remote Procedure Calls (DCE/RPC) or MSRPC services running &nbsp; on the remote host can be enumerated by connecting on port 135 and doing the appropriate queries.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;"> Here is the list of DCE/RPC or MSRPC services running on this host via the TCP protocol: Port: 1025/tcp </td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">445</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">This host is missing a critical security update according to &nbsp; Microsoft Bulletin MS09-001.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">Microsoft Windows 2K Service Pack 4 and prior</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2008-4114,CVE-2008-4834,CVE-2008-4835</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1" style="width:70px;">网关服务器(gate.dvssc.com)</td> 
 <td style="width:10px;">21</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">FTP Brute Force Logins</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">msfadmin:msfadmin postgres:postgres，service:service，user:user</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2009-0542</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">TWiki XSS and Command Execution Vulnerabilities</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">TWiki, TWiki version prior to 4.2.4.</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2008-5304,CVE-2008-5305</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">phpinfo() output Reporting</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;"><a href="http://gate.dvssc.com/phpinfo.php" rel="nofollow">http://gate.dvssc.com/phpinfo.php</a></td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">80</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">The host is running phpMyAdmin and is prone to Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">Successful exploitation will allow attackers to inject arbitrary HTML code within the error page and conduct phishing attacks.phpMyAdmin version 3.3.8.1 and prior.</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:10px;">445</td> 
 <td style="width:179px;">Samba is prone to a vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary shell &nbsp; commands because the software fails to sanitize user-supplied input.</td> 
 <td style="width:269px;">An attacker may leverage this issue to execute arbitrary shell commands on an affected system with the privileges of the application.This issue affects Samba 3.0.0 to 3.0.25rc3.</td> 
 <td style="width:137px;">CVE-2007-2447</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

从上表可以看出暴力破解、DOS攻击、敏感信息泄露等很多问题，部分因软件版本过低等漏洞没有黏贴，高危漏洞几十个。

# Metasploit使用OpenVAS（失败） #

## 加载插件 ##

使用命令

load openvas

加载插件

![20210109092209747.PNG][]

帮助命令

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 30][]

![20210109092520497.PNG][]

可以看到，分为以下五个部分：

*  连接
 *  目标
 *  任务
 *  格式
 *  报告

## 连接 ##

![20210110162455279.PNG][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 31][] 9392连接失败

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhZHlfa2lsbGVyOQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 32][] 9390连接失败

做不下去了，可能自带的Metasploit版本过低，无法连接最新的OpenVAS（GVM）。

本文扫描到的漏洞将在[《MetaSploit渗透测试魔鬼训练营》之WEB应用渗透技术][MetaSploit_WEB] 中进行利用。

# 参考 #

openvas官网：[https://www.openvas.org/][https_www.openvas.org]

《MetaSploit渗透测试魔鬼训练营》第3章

更多内容查看：[网络安全-自学笔记][-]

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[MetaSploit]: https://blog.csdn.net/lady_killer9/article/details/112174188
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[20210109092520497.PNG]: /images/20221119/ac5656e2e988404aaadb7a14070bd1a0.png
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[MetaSploit_WEB]: https://blog.csdn.net/lady_killer9/article/details/112473184
[https_www.openvas.org]: https://www.openvas.org/
[-]: https://blog.csdn.net/lady_killer9/article/details/106791542