学生成绩管理系统（C语言版）

谁践踏了优雅 2023-01-01 08:56 233阅读 0赞

# C语言版学生成绩管理系统 #

教材里的，要提交实验报告，能实现以下功能。  
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#include "stdio.h"
    #include "stdlib.h"
    #include "string.h"
    #define MAX_LRN 10
    #define STU_NUM 30
    #define COURSE_NUM 6
    typedef struct student
    { 
        long num;
        char name[MAX_LRN];
        float score[COURSE_NUM];
        float sum;
        float aver;
    }STU;
    int Menu(void);
    void ReadScore(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[],int n ,int m);
    void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n ,int m);
    void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(*compare)(float a,float b));
    int Ascending(float a,float b);
    int Descending(float a,float b);
    void SwapFloat(float *x,float *y);
    void SwapLong (long*x,long*y);
    void SwapChar(char x[],char y[]);
    void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void PrintScore(STU stu[],int n,int m);
    void WritetoFile(STU record[],int n,int m);
    void ReadfromFile(STU record[],int *n,int *m);
    int main(void)
    { 
        char  ch;
        int  n = 0,m = 0;
        STU stu[STU_NUM];
        printf("Input student number(n<%d):",STU_NUM);
        scanf("%d",&n);
        printf("Input course number(m<=%d):",COURSE_NUM);
        scanf("%d",&m);
        while(1)
        { 
            ch = Menu();
            switch(ch)
            { 
                case 1:ReadScore(stu, n ,m);
                break;
                case 2:AverSumofEveryCourse(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 3:AverSumofEveryStudent(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 4:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,Descending);
                printf("\nSort in descending order by score:\n");
                PrintScore(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 5:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,Ascending);
                printf("\nSort in ascending order by score:\n");
                PrintScore(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 6:AsSortbyNum(stu,n,m);
                printf("\nSort in ascending order by number:\n");
                PrintScore(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 7:SortbyName(stu,n,m);
                printf("\nSort in dictionary order by name:\n");
                PrintScore(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 8:SearchbyNum (stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 9:SearchbyName(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 10:StatisticAnalysis(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 11:PrintScore(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 12:WritetoFile(stu,n,m);
                break;
                case 13:ReadfromFile(stu,&n,&m);
                break;
                case 0:printf("End of program!");
                exit (0);
                default:printf("Input error!");
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
     //函数功能：显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项
     int Menu(void)
     { 
         int itemSelected;
         printf("Management for Students'scores\n");
         printf("1.Input record\n");
         printf("2.Calculate total and average score of every course\n");
         printf("3.Calculate total and average score of every student\n");
         printf("4.Sort in descending order by score\n");
         printf("5.Sort in ascending order by score\n");
         printf("6.Sort in ascending order by number\n");
         printf("7.Sort in dictionary order by name\n");
         printf("8.Search by number\n");
         printf("9.Search by name\n");
         printf("10.Statistic analysis\n");
         printf("11.List record\n");
         printf("12.Write to a file\n");
         printf("13.Read from a file\n");
         printf("0.Exit\n");
         printf("Please Input your choice:");
         scanf("%d",&itemSelected);           //读入用户输入
         return itemSelected;
     }
     //函数功能：输入n个学生m门课成绩
     void ReadScore (STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         int i,j;
         printf("Input student's ID,name and score:\n");
         for(i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
             scanf("%ld%s",&stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
             for(j=0;j<m;j++)
             { 
                 scanf("%f",&stu[i].score[j]);
             }
         }
     }
     //函数功能：计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分
     void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[],int n ,int m)
     { 
         int i,j;
         for(i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
             stu[i].sum = 0 ;
             for(j=0;j<m;j++)
             { 
                 stu[i].sum = stu[i].sum+stu[i].score[j];
             }
             stu[i].aver=m>0?stu[i].sum/m : -1;
             printf("student %d:sum = %.0f,aver = %.0f\n",
                   i+1,stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver );
         }
     }
     //函数功能：计算每门课程的总分和平均分
     void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
        int i,j;
        float sum[COURSE_NUM],aver[COURSE_NUM];
        for(j=0;j<m;j++)
        { 
            sum[j]=0;
            for (i=0;i<n;i++)
            { 
                sum[j]=sum[j]+stu[i].score[j];
            }
            aver[j] =n>0? sum[j]/n:-1;
            printf("course %d:sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n",j+1,sum[j],aver[j]);
        }
     }
     //函数功能：按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序
     void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(* compare)(float a,float b))
     { 
         int i,j,k,t;
         for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
         { 
             k=i;
             for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
             { 
                 if((* compare)(stu[j].sum,stu[k].sum))k=j;
             }
             if(k!=i)
             { 
                for (t=0;t<m;t++)       //交换m门课程的成绩
                { 
                    SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[t],&stu[i].score[t]);
                }
                 SwapFloat(&stu[k].sum,&stu[i].sum);  //交换总分
                 SwapFloat(&stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver);  //交换平均分
                 SwapLong(&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num);   //交换学号
                 SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name);  //交换姓名
             }
         }
     }
     //使数据按升序排序
     int Ascending(float a,float b)
     { 
         return a<b;    //这样比较决定了按升序排列，如果a<b，则交换
     }
     //使数据按降序排序
     int Descending(float a,float b)
     { 
         return a>b;    //这样比较决定了按降序排列，如果a>b，则交换
     }
     //交换两个单精度浮点型数据
     void SwapFloat(float *x,float *y)
     { 
         float temp;
         temp = *x;
         *x = *y;
         *y =temp;
     }
     //交换两个长整型数据
     void SwapLong(long *x, long *y)
     { 
         long temp;
         temp = *x;
         *x = *y;
         *y=temp;
     }
     //交换两个字符串
     void SwapChar(char x[],char y[])
     { 
         char temp[MAX_LRN];
         strcpy(temp,x);
         strcpy(x,y);
         strcpy(y,temp);
     }
     //函数功能：按选择法将数组NUM的元素值按从低到高排序
     void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         int i,j,k,t;
         for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
         { 
             k=i;
             for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
             { 
                 if(stu[j].num<stu[k].num)   k=j;
             }
             if(k!=i)
             { 
                 for(t=0;t<m;t++)    //交换m门课程的成绩
                 { 
                     SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[t],&stu[i].score[t]);
                 }
                 SwapFloat(&stu[k].sum,&stu[i].sum);   //交换总分
                 SwapFloat(&stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver);   //交换平均分
                 SwapLong(&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num);   //交换学号
                 SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name);  //交换姓名
             }
         }
     }
     //函数功能：交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序
     void SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         int i,j,t;
         for (i=0;i<n-1;i++)
         { 
             for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
             { 
             if(strcmp (stu[j].name,stu[i].name)<0)
             { 
                 for (t=0;t<m;t++)      //交换m门课程的成绩
                 { 
                     SwapFloat(&stu[i].score[t],&stu[j].score[t]);
                 }
                 SwapFloat(&stu[i].sum,&stu[j].sum);   //交换总分
                 SwapFloat(&stu[i].aver,&stu[j].aver);   //交换平均分
                 SwapLong(&stu[i].num,&stu[j].num);   //交换学号
                 SwapChar(stu[i].name,stu[j].name);  //交换姓名
             }
           }
         }
     }
     //函数功能：按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果
     void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         long number;
         int i,j;
         printf("Input the number you want to search:");
         scanf("%ld",&number);
         for(i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
             if(stu[i].num == number)
             { 
                 printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
                 for (j=0;j<m;j++)
                 { 
                     printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
                 }
                 printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
                 return;
             }
         }
         printf("\nNot founf!\n");
     }
     //函数功能：按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表
     void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         char x[MAX_LRN];
         int i,j;
         printf("Input the name you want to search:");
         scanf("%s",x);
         for (i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
             if(strcmp(stu[i].name,x) == 0)
             { 
                 printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
                 for(j=0;j<m;j++)
                 { 
                     printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
                 }
                 printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
                 return;
             }
         }
         printf("\nNot found!\n");
     }
     //函数功能：统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比
     void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         int i,j,t[6];
         for(j=0;j<m;j++)
         { 
             printf("For course %d:\n",j+1);
             memset(t,0,sizeof(t));
             for(i=0;i<n;i++)
             { 
                 if (stu[i].score[j]>=0 && stu[i].score[j]<60) t[0]++;
                 else if(stu[i].score[j]<70)      t[1]++;
                 else if(stu[i].score[j]<80)      t[2]++;
                 else if(stu[i].score[j]<90)      t[3]++;
                 else if(stu[i].score[j]<100)     t[4]++;
                 else if(stu[i].score[j]==100)    t[5]++;
             }
             for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
             { 
                 if(i==0)printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%% \n",t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
                 else if(i==5)printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%% \n",
                    (i+5)*10,t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
                 else printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n",(i+5)*10,(i+5)*10+9,
                    t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
             }
         }
     }
     //函数功能：打印学生成绩
     void PrintScore(STU stu[],int n,int m )
     { 
         int i,j;
         for(i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
             printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
             for (j=0;j<m;j++)
             { 
                 printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
             }
             printf("%.0f\t%0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
         }
     }
     //输入n个学生的学号、姓名及m门课程的成绩到文件 student。txt中
     void WritetoFile(STU stu[],int n,int m)
     { 
         FILE *fp;
         int i,j;
         if((fp=fopen("student.txt","w")) ==NULL)
         { 
             printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n");
             exit(0);
         }
         fprintf(fp,"%d\t%d\n",n,m);
         for (i=0;i<n;i++)
         { 
          fprintf(fp,"%10ld%10s",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
          for (j=0;j<m;j++)
          { 
              fprintf(fp,"%10.0f",stu[i].score[j]);
          }
          fprintf(fp,"%10.0f%10.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
         }
         fclose(fp);
     }
     //从文件中读取学生的学号、姓名及成绩等信息写入到结构体数组stu中
     void ReadfromFile(STU stu[],int *n,int *m)
     { 
         FILE *fp;
         int i,j;
         if((fp = fopen("student.txt","r")) == NULL)
         { 
             printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n");
             exit(0);
         }
         fscanf(fp,"%d\t%d",n,m);       //从文件中读出学生人数和课程门数
         for (i=0;i<*n;i++)            //学生人数保存在n指向的存储单元
         { 
             fscanf(fp,"%10ld",&stu[i].num);
             fscanf(fp,"%10s",stu[i].name);
             for (j=0;j<*m;j++)        //课程门数保存在m指向的存储单元
             { 
                 fscanf(fp,"%10f",&stu[i].score[j]);
             }
                 fscanf(fp,"%10f%10f",&stu[i].sum,&stu[i].aver);
         }
         fclose(fp);
     }

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