Android开发 ListView（垂直滚动列表项视图）的简单使用

心已赠人 2022-12-31 01:12 168阅读 0赞

### 效果图： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg5MzkwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 使用方法： ###

1、在布局文件中加入ListView控件：

![20201227095901351.png][]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
    
    </LinearLayout>

2、新建一个列表项布局listView\_item.xml，用于设计ListView条目的样式

![20201227095915547.png][]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
    
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/ivIcon"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:src="@drawable/carrot"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"/>
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tvName"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
            android:text="胡萝卜"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
    
    
    </LinearLayout>

3、自定义数据适配器继承BaseAdapter

import android.content.Context;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    public class MyAdapater extends BaseAdapter {
        private int[] icons = {R.drawable.carrot, R.drawable.chilli, R.drawable.mushroom, R.drawable.potato, R.drawable.tomato};
        private String[] names = {"胡萝卜","辣椒","香菇","土豆","西红柿"};
    
        private Context context;
        public MyAdapater(Context context){
            this.context = context;
        }
        //获取列表的个数
        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return names.length;
        }
    
        //获取列表项代表的对象
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return null;
        }
    
        //获取列表项的ID
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return 0;
        }
    
        //获取列表项的视图
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.listview_item,null);
            //通过视图获取对应的控件
            ImageView ivIcon = convertView.findViewById(R.id.ivIcon);
            TextView tvName = convertView.findViewById(R.id.tvName);
            //设置控件数据
            ivIcon.setImageResource(icons[position]);
            tvName.setText(names[position]);
            return convertView;
        }
    }

4、添加数据源，并完成数据适配器

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.widget.ListView;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
        private ListView listView;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
    
            //创建适配器对象
            MyAdapater adapater = new MyAdapater(this);
            //设置适配器
            listView.setAdapter(adapater);
    
        }
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg5MzkwMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/6025610134534e969509a78720ff63f3.png
[20201227095901351.png]: /images/20221120/19bbbc1d7641437ba1b61b486cce1794.png
[20201227095915547.png]: /images/20221120/a6f42f6a401c431baa1886779cc7d15a.png