SpringCloud Hoxton版 + SpringCloud alibaba学习笔记（3）-- Ribbon负载均衡服务调用

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-12-28 14:17 199阅读 0赞

## 上一篇：[SpringCloud Hoxton版 + SpringCloud alibaba学习笔记（2）-- 服务注册与发现][SpringCloud Hoxton_ _ SpringCloud alibaba_2_--] ##

### 一、Ribbon负载均衡服务调用 ###

#### 1、概述 ####

##### ①、是什么 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

##### ②、官网资料 #####

[https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon/wiki/Getting-Started][https_github.com_Netflix_ribbon_wiki_Getting-Started]  
Ribbon目前也进入维护模式  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
未来替换方案  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

##### ③、能干嘛 #####

LB（负载均衡）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
集中式LB  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
进程内LB  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
前面我们讲解过了80通过轮询负载访问8001/8002  
一句话：负载均衡+RestTemplate调用

#### 2、Ribbon负载均衡演示 ####

##### ①、架构说明 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
总结：Ribbon其实就是一个软负载均衡的客户端组件，他可以和其他所需请求的客户端结合使用，和eureka结合只是其中的一个实例。

##### ②、pom #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
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##### ③、二说RestTemplate的使用 #####

官网  
[https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html  
][https_docs.spring.io_spring-framework_docs_5.2.2.RELEASE_javadoc-api_org_springframework_web_client_RestTemplate.html]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
getForObject方法/getForEntity方法  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
postForObject/postForEntity  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
GET请求方法  
POST请求方法

#### 3、Ribbon核心组件IRule ####

##### ①、IRule:根据特定算法从服务列表中选取一个要访问的服务 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

##### ②、如何替换 #####

1）、修改cloud-consumer-order80  
2）、注意配置细节、  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]  
3）、新建package（com.atguigu.myrule）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]  
4）、上面包下新建MySelfRule规则类

package com.atguigu.myrule;
    
    import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
    import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    @Configuration
    public class MySelfRule { 
    
        @Bean
        public IRule myRule(){ 
            return new RandomRule();//定义为随机
        }
    }

5）、主启动类添加@RibbonClient

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import com.atguigu.myrule.MySelfRule;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
    
    
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    @RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MySelfRule.class)
    public class OrderMain80 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args);
        }
    
    }

6）、测试  
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31

#### 4、Ribbon负载均衡算法 ####

##### ①、原理 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V4b2R1czM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

##### ②、RoundRobinRule源码 #####

##### ③、自己试着写一个本地负载均衡器试试 #####

## 下一篇：[SpringCloud Hoxton版 + SpringCloud alibaba学习笔记（4）-- OpenFeign服务接口调用][SpringCloud Hoxton_ _ SpringCloud alibaba_4_-- OpenFeign] ##

[SpringCloud Hoxton_ _ SpringCloud alibaba_2_--]: https://blog.csdn.net/exodus3/article/details/111186774
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[https_github.com_Netflix_ribbon_wiki_Getting-Started]: https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon/wiki/Getting-Started
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[https_docs.spring.io_spring-framework_docs_5.2.2.RELEASE_javadoc-api_org_springframework_web_client_RestTemplate.html]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
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[SpringCloud Hoxton_ _ SpringCloud alibaba_4_-- OpenFeign]: https://blog.csdn.net/exodus3/article/details/111414005