QT对serialport库的应用实现串口助手的基本功能

落日映苍穹つ 2022-12-27 02:26 159阅读 0赞

通过QT对serialport库的应用，实现串口助手的功能，包括串口、波特率、数据位、校验方式、停止位的选择，还有数据的接收与发送。最后移植到开发板上运行。

界面效果如下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc5MzE4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
  
  
myserial.h

#ifndef MYSERIAL_H
    #define MYSERIAL_H
    
    #include <QWidget>
    #include <QSerialPortInfo>
    #include <QSerialPort>
    
    QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
    namespace Ui {  class MySerial; }
    QT_END_NAMESPACE
    
    class MySerial : public QWidget
    { 
        Q_OBJECT
    
    public:
        MySerial(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
        ~MySerial();
    
    private slots:
        void on_pushButton_openclose_clicked();
        //接收串口数据槽函数
        void readData();
    
        void on_pushButton_send_clicked();
    
    private:
        Ui::MySerial *ui;
        //串口类
        QSerialPort *ser;
    };
    #endif // MYSERIAL_H

myserial.cpp

#include "myserial.h"
    #include "ui_myserial.h"
    #include <QDebug>
    
    MySerial::MySerial(QWidget *parent)
        : QWidget(parent)
        , ui(new Ui::MySerial)
    { 
        ui->setupUi(this);
    
        //获取系统所有可用的串口
        foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts()){ 
            qDebug()<<info.portName()<<info.description();
            //ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(info.portName());
            QSerialPort serial(info);
            //测试串口是否可用
            if(serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)){ //空闲
                //将串口名加入选项列表
                ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(serial.portName());
                //关闭串口
                serial.close();
            }
            else{ //被占用
                ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(serial.portName()+"(被占用)");
            }
        }
    
        ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(false);
    }
    
    MySerial::~MySerial()
    { 
        delete ui;
    }
    
    //打开/关闭串口
    void MySerial::on_pushButton_openclose_clicked()
    { 
        if(ui->pushButton_openclose->text()=="打 开 串 口"){ //打开
            ser = new QSerialPort(ui->comboBox_serialport->currentText(),this);
            //打开串口
            if(!ser->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)){ 
                qDebug()<<"打开失败";
                ser->deleteLater();
                return;
            }
    
            //设置波特率
            switch (ui->comboBox_baudrate->currentIndex()) { 
                case 0:
                    ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud2400);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud4800);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud9600);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud38400);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud115200);
                    break;
            }
    
            //设置数据位位数
            switch (ui->comboBox_databits->currentIndex()) { 
                case 0:
                    ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data5);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data6);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data7);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
                    break;
            }
    
            //设置校验位
            switch (ui->comboBox_parity->currentIndex()) { 
                case 0:
                    ser->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    ser->setParity(QSerialPort::OddParity);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    ser->setParity(QSerialPort::EvenParity);
                    break;
            }
    
            //设置停止位
            switch (ui->comboBox_parity->currentIndex()) { 
            case 0:
                ser->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
                break;
            case 1:
                ser->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop);
                break;
            }
    
            //关闭流控
            ser->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
    
            //关闭选项菜单
            ui->comboBox_parity->setEnabled(false);
            ui->comboBox_baudrate->setEnabled(false);
            ui->comboBox_databits->setEnabled(false);
            ui->comboBox_stopbits->setEnabled(false);
            ui->comboBox_serialport->setEnabled(false);
            ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(true);
    
            //修改按钮显示
            ui->pushButton_openclose->setText("关 闭 串 口");
    
            //连接信号和槽
            QObject::connect(ser,&QSerialPort::readyRead,this,&MySerial::readData);
        }
        else{ //关闭
            ser->clear();
            ser->close();
            ser->deleteLater();
    
            ui->comboBox_parity->setEnabled(true);
            ui->comboBox_baudrate->setEnabled(true);
            ui->comboBox_databits->setEnabled(true);
            ui->comboBox_stopbits->setEnabled(true);
            ui->comboBox_serialport->setEnabled(true);
            ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(false);
    
            ui->pushButton_openclose->setText("打 开 串 口");
    
        }
    }
    
    //接收数据
    void MySerial::readData()
    { 
        //接收所有数据
        QByteArray data = ser->readAll();
    
        if(!data.isEmpty()){ 
            ui->textBrowser->append(QString(data));
        }
    
        //data.clear();
    }
    
    //发送数据
    void MySerial::on_pushButton_send_clicked()
    { 
        //获取要发送的数据
        QByteArray data = ui->textEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8();
        ser->write(data);
    }

main.cpp

#include "myserial.h"
    
    #include <QApplication>
    
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    { 
        QApplication a(argc, argv);
        MySerial w;
        w.show();
        return a.exec();
    }

完整工程代码：[https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin\_43793181/13502395][https_download.csdn.net_download_weixin_43793181_13502395]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc5MzE4MQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/e1f652dc3cd440e59bc64c2bc05334eb.png
[https_download.csdn.net_download_weixin_43793181_13502395]: https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_43793181/13502395