使用JUnit4测试Spring

川长思鸟来 2022-12-26 13:27 125阅读 0赞

**Spring环境下的JUnit4测试**

**1，下载所需jar包：**

**spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar**

**junit-4.11.jar**

**commons-dbcp-1.4.jar**

**2，配置Spring数据源：**

**spring-dao-test.xml**

**因为测试用例不是运行在Server环境下，不方便通过JNDI取得数据源，所以只能在Spring中自行配置，暂用DBCP（实际开发中建议不用DBCP，有BUG）：**

**3，测试DAO**

**SpringTest.java**

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Ignore;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    
    @Transactional
    @TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "txManager", defaultRollback = true)
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-dao-test.xml","classpath:spring-service-test.xml"})
    public class SpringTest
    {
    	@Resource(name="testDao")
    	private TestDao testDao;
    
    	@Before
    	public void setUp() throws Exception
    	{
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testMyDao()
    	{
    		try
    		{
    			testDao.doSomething();
    		}
    		catch (Exception e)
    		{
    			fail("Test failed!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	@Ignore
    	public void testOtherSpringObject()
    	{
    		fail("Not yet implemented");
    	}
    }

4，测试Spring的Controller

（1）测试用例代码CreateProductControllerTest.java

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
    import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
    import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    
    @Transactional
    @TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "txManager", defaultRollback = true)
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-servlet.xml", "classpath:spring-dao-test.xml", "classpath:spring-service-test.xml"})
    public class CreateProductControllerTest
    {
    	@Resource(name="/createProduct.htm")
    	CreateProductController createProductController;
    	
    	private MockHttpServletRequest request;
      private MockHttpServletResponse response;
    
        @Before
        public void before()
        {
            request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
            response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
            request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        }
    
        @Test
    	public void testToSearchPage()
    	{
    		//request.setRequestURI("createProduct.htm");
    		//request.setMethod(HttpMethod.POST.name());
        	
    		ModelAndView mv = null;
    		try
    		{
    			mv = createProductController.toSearchPage(request, response);
    		}
    		catch (Exception e)
    		{
    			e.printStackTrace();
    			fail("testToSearchPage failed!");
    		}
    
    		assertNotNull(mv);
    		assertEquals(response.getStatus(), 200);
    	}
    }

5，注意被测试对象在Spring中不能配置AOP切面代理，否则注入到TestCase时，会产生类型不匹配的异常。因为被代理后的类型发生了变化，注入到TestCase中时，与原始的类型有区别。

另外，运行TestCase时，可能需要加上两个jvm参数：

\-Djavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl  
\-Djavax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserFactoryImpl