linux基本安全防护

偏执的太偏执、 2022-12-23 09:42 174阅读 0赞

# 1，常用服务：修改默认用户名密码 #

## a, cloudera manager ##

mysql> update  scm.USERS set USER_NAME='admin456' where USER_NAME like '%admin%';
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
    
    mysql> select * from  scm.USERS where USER_NAME like '%admin%';
    +---------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+----------------+-------------------------+
    | USER_ID | USER_NAME | PASSWORD_HASH                                                    | PASSWORD_SALT       | PASSWORD_LOGIN | OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_VERSION |
    +---------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+----------------+-------------------------+
    |       1 | admin456  | 0b87d30c5587d98dcfc6298e85b9aa41f840e877ac4868d094ba7ee31b54968e | 4886822280275476414 |              1 |                       1 |
    +---------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+----------------+-------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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# 2，操作系统基本安全配置 #

#0, 升级mysql5.7 审计功能，库重命名系统默认账户，限制访问权限; 设置密码复杂度
    #设备本地设置访问控制列表限制终端接入范围,开启have_openssl加密协议
    # create user 'root'@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'ABCabc123!'; 
    
    
    #1, 操作系统审计,日志保留半年
    if which systemctl &>/dev/null  ;then 
    	echo centos7
    	systemctl start  rsyslog auditd 
    	systemctl enable  rsyslog auditd 
    else
    	echo centos6
    	service rsyslog start; service auditd start
    	chkconfig rsyslog on ; chkconfig auditd on 
    fi
    sed -i  's/^rotate.*/rotate 26/' /etc/logrotate.conf
    sed -i  '1i/var/log/audit/audit.log' /etc/logrotate.d/syslog
    sed -i  's/max_log_file_action.*/max_log_file_action = KEEP_LOGS/' /etc/audit/auditd.conf
    service auditd restart
    
    #2, 操作系统未根据管理用户的角色合理分配权限 :创建sudo权限用户，默认密码( 用户名_pass@123# )
    pass_suffix="_pass@123#" 
    useradd shenji
    echo -e "shenji${pass_suffix}\nshenji${pass_suffix}" |passwd shenji 
    chage  -M 90  -m 5 -W 20 shenji 
    chage  -d 0 shenji
    sed -i '/NOPASS/ashenji ALL = (ALL) /bin/cat , /usr/bin/less , /bin/more , /usr/bin/tail , /usr/bin/head' /etc/sudoers
    
    useradd anquan
    echo -e "anquan${pass_suffix}\nanquan${pass_suffix}" |passwd anquan 
    chage  -M 90  -m 5 -W 20 anquan 
    chage  -d 0 anquan
    sed -i '/NOPASS/aanquan ALL=(ALL) ALL' /etc/sudoers
    
    
    
    #3, 操作系统未重命名默认账户（root）
    sed -i.bak  's@^root@superuser@' /etc/shadow  
    sed -i.bak  's@^root@superuser@' /etc/group   
    sed -i.bak  's@^root@superuser@' /etc/passwd  
    
    
    #4,操作系统存在多余的账户(adm、lp、games、uucp)
    for i in adm lp news uucp shutdown halt mail operator games ftp nobody  nfsnobody llama ;  do 
    	sed -i.bak "s@^$i@#$i@"    /etc/passwd  /etc/shadow 
    done
    
    
    #5,设定终端接入方式或网络地址范围对通过网络进行管理的管理终端进行限制
    echo 'sshd : ALL'  >>  /etc/hosts.deny
    
    ip_range_arr=$( hostname -I |xargs -n1|sed 's/.[0-9]*$/./' )
    for i in ${ip_range_arr[*]} 'localhost'
    do
       echo sshd : $i >> /etc/hosts.allow
    done
    echo   "the local net range ,to access this server are: $ip_range_arr" |xargs
    
    
    #6,操作系统未设置密码复杂度要求,密码有效期为90天
    sed -i 's/PASS_MAX_DAYS.*/PASS_MAX_DAYS 90/' /etc/login.defs
    sed -i 's/PASS_MIN_LEN.*/PASS_MIN_LEN 8/' /etc/login.defs
    sed -i 's/PASS_MIN_DAYS.*/PASS_MIN_DAYS 2/' /etc/login.defs
    sed -i '/^password/s/$pam_cracklib.so.*type=$/\1 difok=1 minlen=8 ucredit=-1 lcredit=-1 ocredit=-1 dcredit=-1 /' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
    #awk -F: '{if(index($2,"$")>0 ) print " chage -M 90 -m 5 -W 20",$1}' /etc/shadow |bash
    
    
    #7, 操作系统未设置登录失败处理功能，未限制登录次数，登录超时自动退出
    sed -i '1iauth required pam_tally2.so deny=3 unlock_time=5 even_deny_root root_unlock_time=10' /etc/pam.d/login
    sed -i '/^auth.*required/iauth required pam_tally2.so deny=3 unlock_time=120 even_deny_root root_unlock_time=300' /etc/pam.d/sshd
    echo "export TMOUT=300"  >> /etc/profile 
    echo "export TMOUT=300"  >> /etc/bashrc

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