基于Python的身份证校验及数据提取

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-12-20 08:45 237阅读 0赞

> 根据GB11643-1999公民身份证号码是特征组合码，由十七位数字本体码和一位数字校验码组成，排列顺序从左至右依次为：
> 
> 1.  六位数字地址码
> 2.  八位数字出生日期码
> 3.  三位数字顺序码
> 4.  一位数字校验码（数字10用罗马X表示）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDA2NjEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### **校验系统：** ###

** **    **校验码采用ISO7064:1983，MOD11-2校验码系统（图为校验规则样例）**

> 用身份证号的前17位的每一位号码字符值分别乘上对应的加权因子值，得到的结果求和后对11进行取余，最后的结果放到表2检验码字符值..换算关系表中得出最后的一位身份证号码

![20201111160656245.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDA2NjEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

###  代码： ###

import datetime
    
    
    def return_ditu():
        path = 'C:/Users/2019/Desktop/身份证/行政划分.txt'
        f = open(path,'r', encoding="utf-8")
        dict_sheng = {}
        dict_shi = {}
        dict_diqu = {}
        dict_all = {}
        for sig in f.readlines():
            sig = sig.replace(" ","")
            sig = sig.replace("\n","")
            # print(sig[:6],sig[6:])
            if '000' in sig:
                # print("我是省和直辖市{}".format(sig[:-1]))
                dict_sheng[sig[:6]] = sig[6:]
            else:
                if '00' in sig:
                    # print("我是市{}".format(sig[:-1]))
                    dict_shi[sig[:6]] = sig[6:]
                else:
                    # print("我是地区{}".format(sig[:-1]))
                    dict_diqu[sig[:6]] = sig[6:]
        for i in dict_diqu:
           cahe_sheng= i[:-4]+'0000'
           cahe_shi = i[:-2]+'00'
           if cahe_shi in dict_shi:
               dict_all[i] = dict_sheng[cahe_sheng],dict_shi[cahe_shi],dict_diqu[i]
               # print(i,dict_sheng[cahe_sheng],dict_shi[cahe_shi],dict_diqu[i])
           else:
               dict_all[i] = dict_sheng[cahe_sheng],dict_diqu[i]
               # print(i,dict_sheng[cahe_sheng],dict_diqu[i])
        return dict_all
    
    def get_where(id_card):
        where_id = id_card[:6]
        print("籍贯:",end=" ")
        print(area_id[where_id])
    
    def check_where(id_card):
        where_id = id_card[:6]
        try:
            are = area_id[where_id]
            return 1
        except KeyError:
            return error_type[0]
            # print("找不到该地区或身份证前六位有误")
    
    def get_birth(id_card):
        birth_id = id_card[6:14]
        print("出生日期:{}".format(birth_id))
    
    def get_sex(id_card):
        sex_id = id_card[-2:-1]
        print("性别:  ",end=" ")
        if int(sex_id) % 2 == 0:
            print("女")
        else:
            print("男")
    
    def get_tureorerror(id_card):
        sum = 0
        list_quan = [7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1,6,3,7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1]
        list_ture = [1,0,'X',9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2]
        for idx in range(0,len(list_quan)-1):
            cach = list_quan[idx]*int(id_card[idx])
            sum = sum + cach
        last = list_ture[sum % 11]
        if str(last) == id_card[-1:]:
            print("正确身份证")
            return error_type[4]
        else:
            return error_type[2]
    
    
    def check_id_card(id_card):
        if len(id_card) != 18:
            print("长度错误")
            return error_type[3]
        else:
            try:
                res = datetime.datetime(int(id_card[6:10]), int(id_card[10:12]), int(id_card[12:14]))
            except ValueError:
                print("出生日期有误")
                return error_type[1]
            sig = check_where(id_card)
            if sig != 1:
                return sig
            else:
                return get_tureorerror(id_card)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        error_type = ['找不到该地区或身份证前六位错误', '出生日期错误', '身份证校验错误', '身份证长度错误','正确身份证']
        area_id = return_ditu()
        # id = '130828199807160612'
        id = input("请输入身份证号码：")
        res = check_id_card(id)
        if res == '正确身份证':
            get_where(id)
            get_sex(id)
            get_birth(id)
        else:
            print(res)

### 运行过程： ###

![20201111161925268.png][]

** 使用说明：**

**运行前请先复制到行政规划到指定txt文件，并修改path中txt文件存放路径**

**行政规划链接：[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_42006613/article/details/109625058][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_42006613_article_details_109625058]**

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDA2NjEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/f244fd6f321e405a8087652b15607377.png
[20201111160656245.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201111160656245.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDA2NjEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201111160656448.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDA2NjEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20201111161925268.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201111161925268.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_42006613_article_details_109625058]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42006613/article/details/109625058