python基础教程python实现单机五子棋

r囧r小猫 2022-12-19 11:47 148阅读 0赞

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**简介**

这是实验室2018年底招新时的考核题目，使用Python编写一个能够完成基本对战的五子棋游戏。面向新手。

程序主要包括两个部分，图形创建与逻辑编写两部分。

程序的运行结果：

![Image 1][]

**样式创建**

老规矩，先把用到的包导入进来。

'''
    @Auther : gaoxin
    @Date : 2019.01.01
    @Version : 1.0
    '''

from tkinter import \*  
import math

然后建立一个样式的类，类名称chessBoard。这里加了很多注释，避免新手看不懂函数的作用，说实话我觉得挺别扭的。

#定义棋盘类
    class chessBoard() :
     def __init__(self) :
      #创建一个tk对象，即窗口
      self.window = Tk()
      #窗口命名
      self.window.title("五子棋游戏")
      #定义窗口大小
      self.window.geometry("660x470")
      #定义窗口不可放缩
      self.window.resizable(0,0)
      #定义窗口里的画布
      self.canvas=Canvas(self.window , bg="#EEE8AC" , width=470, height=470)
      #画出画布内容
      self.paint_board()
      #定义画布所在的网格
      self.canvas.grid(row = 0 , column = 0)

def paint\_board(self) :  
\#画横线  
for row in range(0,15) :  
if row == 0 or row == 14 :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 2)  
else :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 1)

\#画竖线  
for column in range(0,15) :  
if column == 0 or column == 14 :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 ,width = 2)  
else :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 , width = 1)

\#画圆  
self.canvas.create\_oval(112, 112, 118, 118, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(352, 112, 358, 118, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(112, 352, 118, 358, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(232, 232, 238, 238, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(352, 352, 358, 358, fill=“black”)

**逻辑编写**

这里的主要看每个函数的功能就好了。

#定义五子棋游戏类
    #0为黑子 ， 1为白子 ， 2为空位
    class Gobang() :
     #初始化
     def __init__(self) :
      self.board = chessBoard()
      self.game_print = StringVar()
      self.game_print.set("")
      #16*16的二维列表，保证不会out of index
      self.db = [([2] * 16) for i in range(16)]
      #悔棋用的顺序列表
      self.order = []
      #棋子颜色
      self.color_count = 0 
      self.color = 'black'
      #清空与赢的初始化，已赢为1，已清空为1
      self.flag_win = 1
      self.flag_empty = 1
      self.options()

\#黑白互换  
def change\_color(self) :  
self.color\_count = (self.color\_count + 1 ) % 2  
if self.color\_count == 0 :  
self.color = “black”  
elif self.color\_count ==1 :  
self.color = “white”

\#落子  
def chess\_moving(self ,event) :  
\#不点击“开始”与“清空”无法再次开始落子  
if self.flag\_win ==1 or self.flag\_empty ==0 :  
return  
\#坐标转化为下标  
x,y = event.x-25 , event.y-25  
x = round(x/30)  
y = round(y/30)  
\#点击位置没用落子，且没有在棋盘线外，可以落子  
while self.db\[y\]\[x\] == 2 and self.limit\_boarder(y,x):  
self.db\[y\]\[x\] = self.color\_count  
self.order.append(x+15*y)  
self.board.canvas.create\_oval(25+30*x-12 , 25+30*y-12 , 25+30*x+12 , 25+30\*y+12 , fill = self.color,tags = “chessman”)  
if self.game\_win(y,x,self.color\_count) :  
print(self.color,“获胜”)  
self.game\_print.set(self.color+“获胜”)  
else :  
self.change\_color()  
self.game\_print.set(“请”+self.color+“落子”)

\#保证棋子落在棋盘上  
def limit\_boarder(self , y , x) :  
if x<0 or x>14 or y<0 or y>14 :  
return False  
else :  
return True

\#计算连子的数目,并返回最大连子数目  
def chessman\_count(self , y , x , color\_count ) :  
count1,count2,count3,count4 = 1,1,1,1  
\#横计算  
for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) :  
if self.db\[y\]\[x+i\] == color\_count :  
count1 += 1  
else:  
break  
for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) :  
if self.db\[y\]\[x+i\] == color\_count :  
count1 += 1  
else:  
break  
\#竖计算  
for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x\] == color\_count :  
count2 += 1  
else:  
break  
for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x\] == color\_count :  
count2 += 1  
else:  
break  
\#/计算  
for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x+i\] == color\_count :  
count3 += 1  
else:  
break  
for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x+i\] == color\_count :  
count3 += 1  
else:  
break  
\#\\计算  
for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x-i\] == color\_count :  
count4 += 1  
else:  
break  
for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) :  
if self.db\[y+i\]\[x-i\] == color\_count :  
count4 += 1  
else:  
break

return max(count1 , count2 , count3 , count4)

\#判断输赢  
def game\_win(self , y , x , color\_count ) :  
if self.chessman\_count(y,x,color\_count) >= 5 :  
self.flag\_win = 1  
self.flag\_empty = 0  
return True  
else :  
return False

\#悔棋,清空棋盘，再画剩下的n-1个棋子  
def withdraw(self ) :  
if len(self.order)==0 or self.flag\_win == 1:  
return  
self.board.canvas.delete(“chessman”)  
z = self.order.pop()  
x = z%15  
y = z//15  
self.db\[y\]\[x\] = 2  
self.color\_count = 1  
for i in self.order :  
ix = i%15  
iy = i//15  
self.change\_color()  
self.board.canvas.create\_oval(25+30*ix-12 , 25+30*iy-12 , 25+30*ix+12 , 25+30*iy+12 , fill = self.color,tags = “chessman”)  
self.change\_color()  
self.game\_print.set(“请”+self.color+“落子”)

\#清空  
def empty\_all(self) :  
self.board.canvas.delete(“chessman”)  
\#还原初始化  
self.db = \[(\[2\] \* 16) for i in range(16)\]  
self.order = \[\]  
self.color\_count = 0  
self.color = ‘black’  
self.flag\_win = 1  
self.flag\_empty = 1  
self.game\_print.set("")

\#将self.flag\_win置0才能在棋盘上落子  
def game\_start(self) :  
\#没有清空棋子不能置0开始  
if self.flag\_empty == 0:  
return  
self.flag\_win = 0  
self.game\_print.set(“请”+self.color+“落子”)

def options(self) :  
self.board.canvas.bind("<Button-1>",self.chess\_moving)  
Label(self.board.window , textvariable = self.game\_print , font = (“Arial”, 20) ).place(relx = 0, rely = 0 ,x = 495 , y = 200)  
Button(self.board.window , text= “开始游戏” ,command = self.game\_start,width = 13, font = (“Verdana”, 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=15)  
Button(self.board.window , text= “我要悔棋” ,command = self.withdraw,width = 13, font = (“Verdana”, 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=60)  
Button(self.board.window , text= “清空棋局” ,command = self.empty\_all,width = 13, font = (“Verdana”, 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=105)  
Button(self.board.window , text= “结束游戏” ,command = self.board.window.destroy,width = 13, font = (“Verdana”, 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=420)  
self.board.window.mainloop()

最后，main函数

if __name__ == "__main__":
     game = Gobang()

将以上的所有程序复制粘贴，即为完整的程序了，可以运行。

最后来一个完整程序，一个一个复制粘贴简直不要太麻烦。

'''
    @Auther : gaoxin
    @Date : 2019.01.01
    @Version : 1.0

‘’’

from tkinter import \*  
import math

\#定义棋盘类  
class chessBoard() :  
def **init**(self) :  
self.window = Tk()  
self.window.title(“五子棋游戏”)  
self.window.geometry(“660x470”)  
self.window.resizable(0,0)  
self.canvas=Canvas(self.window , bg="\#EEE8AC" , width=470, height=470)  
self.paint\_board()  
self.canvas.grid(row = 0 , column = 0)

def paint\_board(self) :  
for row in range(0,15) :  
if row == 0 or row == 14 :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 2)  
else :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 1)  
for column in range(0,15) :  
if column == 0 or column == 14 :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 ,width = 2)  
else :  
self.canvas.create\_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 , width = 1)

self.canvas.create\_oval(112, 112, 118, 118, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(352, 112, 358, 118, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(112, 352, 118, 358, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(232, 232, 238, 238, fill=“black”)  
self.canvas.create\_oval(352, 352, 358, 358, fill=“black”)

\#定义五子棋游戏类  
\#0为黑子 ， 1为白子 ， 2为空位  
class Gobang() :  
\#初始化  
def **init**(self) :  
self.board = chessBoard()  
self.game\_print = StringVar()  
self.game\_print.set("")  
\#16\*16的二维列表，保证不会out of index  
self.db = \[(\[2\] \* 16) for i in range(16)\]  
\#悔棋用的顺序列表  
self.order = \[\]  
\#棋子颜色  
self.color\_count = 0  
self.color = ‘black’  
\#清空与赢的初始化，已赢为1，已清空为1  
self.flag\_win = 1  
self.flag\_empty = 1  
self.options()

\#保证棋子落在棋盘上  
def limit\_boarder(self , y , x) :  
if x<0 or x>14 or y<0 or y>14 :  
return False  
else :  
return True

return max(count1 , count2 , count3 , count4)

\#判断输赢  
def game\_win(self , y , x , color\_count ) :  
if self.chessman\_count(y,x,color\_count) >= 5 :  
self.flag\_win = 1  
self.flag\_empty = 0  
return True  
else :  
return False

if **name** == “**main**”:  
game = Gobang()

更多有趣的经典小游戏实现专题，分享给大家：

[C++经典小游戏汇总][C]

[python经典小游戏汇总][python]

[python俄罗斯方块游戏集合][python 1]

[JavaScript经典游戏 玩不停][JavaScript_]

[javascript经典小游戏汇总][javascript]

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