ElasticSearch 使用java代码，实现批量新增、修改、构建索引 Api操作

水深无声 2022-12-11 15:15 373阅读 0赞

# 前言 #

ElasticSearch 这里的测试是使用，借助elasticsearch-head 插件和 Elasticsearch IK分词器插件。如果测试可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/fajing\_feiyue/article/details/108901751 来进行安装测试。

# API 操作样例 #

（一） **添加maven依赖**

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>

（二） **配置application.properties文件**

spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=my-es
    spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=ip:9300

（三） 测试创建索引和删除索引

@Resource
        private ElasticsearchTemplate esTemplate;
    
        @Test
        public void createIndex() {
        		//创建索引
               esTemplate.createIndex(EsSearchServiceImpl.INDEX_PREFIX + "20201002");
               //添加映射
               esTemplate.putMapping(ItemEsSearch.class);
            
        }
    
        @Test
        public void deleteIndex() {
            esTemplate.deleteIndex(EsSearchServiceImpl.INDEX_PREFIX + "20201002");
        }

用于设置映射字段

@Document(indexName = "es_index_prefix_20201002", type = "es_type", shards = 1, replicas = 0)
    @Data
    @Builder
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public class ItemEsSearch {
        @Id
        private String id;
    
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
        private String describe;
    
    
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        private String name;
    
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        private String item;
    
        @Field(type = FieldType.Date)
        private Date serverTime;
    
        @Field(type = FieldType.Double)
        private Double price;
    }

（四） 构建需要新增/修改数据

public void batchAddDocument(){
            String desc1 = "describe 描述,也是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器，" +
                    "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，" +
                    "基于RESTful web接口";
            String desc2 = "Elasticsearch是分布式的。不需要其他组件，分发是实时的，被叫做”Push replication";
    
            String desc3 = "Elasticsearch 完全支持 Apache Lucene 的接近实时的搜索";
    
            String desc4 = "处理多租户（multitenancy）不需要特殊配置，而Solr则需要更多的高级设置";
            List<String> descList = new ArrayList<>();
            descList.add(desc1);
            descList.add(desc2);
            descList.add(desc3);
            descList.add(desc4);
    
    
            int size = descList.size();
    
            List<ItemEsSearch> itemEsSearchList = new ArrayList<>();
    
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                ItemEsSearch itemEsSearch1 = ItemEsSearch.builder().describe(descList.get(i % size) + i)
                        .item("item" + i)
                        .name("name" + i)
                        .serverTime(new Date()).build();
    
                itemEsSearchList.add(itemEsSearch1);
            }
    
            searchService.batchAddDocument(itemEsSearchList,EsSearchServiceImpl.INDEX_PREFIX + "20201003");
    
        }

新增：

@Override
        public void batchAddDocument(List<ItemEsSearch> itemEsSearchList, String indexName) {
            int counter = 0;
    
            //判断index 是否存在
            if (!elasticsearchTemplate.indexExists(indexName)) {
                 elasticsearchTemplate.createIndex(indexName);
                   //添加映射
               esTemplate.putMapping(ItemEsSearch.class);
            }
    
            Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().setDateFormat("YYYY-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss").create();
            List<IndexQuery> queries = new ArrayList<>(itemEsSearchList.size() > 500 ? 500 : itemEsSearchList.size());
            if(itemEsSearchList != null && itemEsSearchList.size()>0){
                for (ItemEsSearch itemEsSearch : itemEsSearchList) {
                    IndexQuery indexQuery = new IndexQuery();
                    indexQuery.setId(itemEsSearch.getId());
                    indexQuery.setSource(gson.toJson(itemEsSearch));
                    indexQuery.setIndexName(indexName);
                    indexQuery.setType(INDEX_TYPE);
                    queries.add(indexQuery);
                    //分批提交索引
                    if (counter != 0 && counter % 500 == 0) {
                        elasticsearchTemplate.bulkIndex(queries);
                        queries.clear();
                        log.info("bulkIndex counter :{} indexName is {} ", counter, indexName);
                    }
                    counter++;
                }
    
            }
            //不足批的索引最后不要忘记提交
            if (queries.size() > 0) {
                elasticsearchTemplate.bulkIndex(queries);
                log.info("bulkIndex counter :{} indexName is {} ", counter, indexName);
            }
            elasticsearchTemplate.refresh(indexName);
    
        }

新增效果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZhamluZ19mZWl5dWU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

修改：

@Test
        public void batchUpdate(){
            List<ItemEsSearch> itemEsSearchList = new ArrayList<>();
    
            String id1 = "dsay7XQBZyMji4yLQ9Pz";
            String id2 = "d8ay7XQBZyMji4yLRNOh";
            String id3 = "eMay7XQBZyMji4yLRNOh";
           // String id4 = "ecay7XQBZyMji4yLRNOh";
    
            List<String> idList = new ArrayList<>();
            idList.add(id1);
            idList.add(id2);
            idList.add(id3);
            idList.add(null);
    
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                ItemEsSearch itemEsSearch1 = ItemEsSearch.builder().id(idList.get(i)).describe("新更改描述" + i)
                        .item("item_update" + i)
                        .name("name_update" + i)
                        .serverTime(new Date()).build();
    
                itemEsSearchList.add(itemEsSearch1);
            }
            searchService.batchAddDocument(itemEsSearchList,EsSearchServiceImpl.INDEX_PREFIX + "20201003");
        }

查看修改效果，可以看到没有设置id新增，设置id修改  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZhamluZ19mZWl5dWU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

（五）删除数据  
测试代码

@Test
        public void deleteDocument(){
    
            searchService.deleteDocument("dsay7XQBZyMji4yLQ9Pz",EsSearchServiceImpl.INDEX_PREFIX + "20201003");
    
        }

具体删除代码

@Override
        public void deleteDocument(String id, String indexName) {
            DeleteResponse deleteResponse = elasticsearchTemplate.getClient().prepareDelete(indexName, INDEX_TYPE, id).get();
            log.info("delete data {}", new Gson().toJson(deleteResponse));
        }

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