MFC封装的base64编码解码函数

本是古典何须时尚 2022-12-10 14:42 413阅读 0赞

函数本就是网上下载的，经过我修改并测试通过以后，封装成C++代码了，并且使用了MFC的数据结构，懂C或C++的朋友可以拿过去稍作修改就可以用了。  
提醒：作为C函数，在进行base64编码时一定要给够缓冲区，base64是将8比特数据封装到6比特里，所以缓冲区大小应该为原数据长度 x 4 / 3 + 3，同理，解码的时候则是原数据长度 x 3 / 4 +4，为什么+3、+4？这是因为整除会抛弃余数，余数最大值分别为：2、3，+3、4,多了1个字节，正好给结尾的字符0准备。

#include "StdAfx.h"
    #include "base64.h"
    
    // 进行1次base64编码，返回编码的源字符串字符个数，-1代表出错
    static int base64_string( const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen, unsigned char *dest, size_t destlen, unsigned char *base64, int index )
    { 
        if ( NULL == src || NULL == dest || NULL == base64 || index < 0)
    		return -1;
    	if (srclen <= 0 || destlen < 5) { 
    		return -1; // // dest多留1个给结尾的0
    	}
    	
        unsigned char one;
        unsigned char two;
        unsigned char thr;
        unsigned char fou;
    	
        if ( srclen >= 3) 
        { 
            one = src[0] >> 2;
            two = ( ( src[0] & 0x03 ) << 4 ) | ( src[1] >> 4 );
            thr = ( ( src[1] & 0x0F ) << 2 ) | ( src[2] >> 6 );
            fou = src[2] & 0x3F;
    		
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[one];
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[two];
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[thr];
            *( dest + index   ) = base64[fou];
        }
        else if ( srclen == 2)
        { 
            one = src[0] >> 2;
            two = ( ( src[0] & 0x03) << 4 ) | ( src[1] >> 4 );
            thr = ( src[1] & 0x0F ) << 2;
    		
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[one];
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[two];
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[thr];
            *( dest + index   ) = '=';
        }
        else if ( srclen == 1 )
        { 
            one = src[0] >> 2;
            two = ( src[0] & 0x03 ) << 4;
    		
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[one];
            *( dest + index++ ) = base64[two];
            *( dest + index++ ) = '=';
            *( dest + index   ) = '=';
        }
    	
        return srclen >= 3 ? 3 : srclen;
    }
    
    // base64编码，传入的dest空间必须>=src * 4 / 3 + 3才能保证安全
    void base64_encode( const unsigned char *src, int srclen, unsigned char *dest, int destlen )
    { 
        if ( NULL == src || srclen == 0 || NULL == dest || destlen < srclen * 4 / 3 + 3)
    		return;
    	
        unsigned char base64[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
        int index = 0;
        while ( srclen > 0 )
        { 
            int step = base64_string( src, srclen, dest, destlen, base64, index );
    		if (step == -1) { 
    			break;
    		}
    		
    		destlen -= 4; // 每次用掉4字节
            index += 4; // 那么索引每次必然增加4
    
    		srclen -= step; // 每次减少3字节或2或者1，2或1都是结尾剩余字符个数
            src   += step; // 那么每次增加3或者2或者1
        }
    	
        *( dest + index ) = '\0';
    }
    
    
    // 以上是base64编码的函数
    // 下面是base64解码的函数
    
    void create_array( unsigned char *array )
    { 
        int index  = 0;
        for ( index  = 0; index < 123; index += 1 )
        { 
            if ( index == 0x2B )
            { 
                *( array + index ) = 0x3E;
            }
            else if ( index == 0x2F )
            { 
                *( array + index ) = 0x3F;
            }
            else if ( index >= 0x30 && index <= 0x39 )
            { 
                *( array + index ) = 0x34 + index - 0x30;
            }
            else if ( index == 0x3D )
            { 
    			/* 特殊字符'='，也可合并到else情况 */
                *( array + index ) = 0x00;
            }
            else if ( index >= 0x41 && index <= 0x5A )
            { 
                *( array + index ) = index - 0x41;
            }
            else if ( index >= 0x61 && index <= 0x7A ) { 
                *( array + index ) = 0x1A + index - 0x61;
    		}
    		else
    		{ 
    			*( array + index ) = 0x00;
    		}
    	}
    
    	*( array + 123 ) = '\0';
    }
    
    int decode_string( const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen, unsigned char *dest, size_t destlen, unsigned char *array, int index )
    { 
    	if ( NULL == src || NULL == dest || NULL == array || index < 0)
    		return -1;
    	if (srclen < 4 || destlen < 4) { 
    		return -1; // // dest多留1个给结尾的0
    	}
    	
        int step = 0;
    	
        unsigned char one;
        unsigned char two;
        unsigned char thr;
        if ( src[3] == '=' && src[2] == '=' )
        { 
            one = ( array[src[0]] << 2 ) | ( array[src[1]] >> 4 );
            *( dest + index ) = one;
    		
            step = 1;
        }
        else if ( src[3] == '=' )
        { 
            one = ( array[src[0]] << 2 ) | ( array[src[1]] >> 4 );
            two = ( ( array[src[1]] & 0x0F ) << 4 ) | ( array[src[2]] >> 2 );
    		
            *( dest + index++ ) = one;
            *( dest + index   ) = two;
    		
            step = 2;
        }
        else
        { 
            one = ( array[src[0]] << 2 ) | ( array[src[1]] >> 4 );
            two = ( ( array[src[1]] & 0x0F ) << 4 ) | ( array[src[2]] >> 2 );
            thr = ( array[src[2]] << 6 ) | array[src[3]];
    		
            *( dest + index++ ) = one;
            *( dest + index++ ) = two;
            *( dest + index   ) = thr;
    		
            step = 3;
        }
    	
        return step;
    }
    
    // base64解码，传入的dest空间=src空间 * 3 / 4 + 4即可满足要求
    void base64_decode( const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen, unsigned char *dest, size_t destlen )
    { 
        if ( NULL == src || NULL == dest || srclen < 0 || destlen < srclen * 3 / 4 + 4)
    		return;
    	
        static unsigned char array[124] = { '\0'};
    	if (array[0x2B] == '\0') {  // 需要初始化
    		create_array( array );
    	}
    	
        int index = 0;
        while ( srclen )
        { 
            int step = decode_string( src, srclen, dest, destlen, array, index );
    		if (step == -1) { 
    			break;
    		}
    		
    		srclen -= 4; // 每次解码4个字节
    		src    += 4; // 源字符串前进4字节
    
    		destlen -= step; // 每次消耗step（可能是3字节，也可能是2字节或1字节）
            index   += step; // 目标字符串每次前进step字节
        }
    	
        *( dest + index ) = '\0';
    }
    
    // 下面是导出给MFC用的
    CString Base64Encode(const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen)
    { 
    	CString dest;
    	srclen = srclen > 0 ? srclen : strlen((const char*)src);
    	size_t destlen = srclen * 4 / 3 + 3;
    	base64_encode(src, srclen, (unsigned char*)dest.GetBuffer(destlen), destlen);
    	dest.ReleaseBuffer();
    	return dest;
    }
    
    CString Base64Decode(const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen)
    { 
    	CString dest;
    	srclen = srclen > 0 ? srclen : strlen((const char*)src);
    	size_t destlen = srclen * 3 / 4 + 4;
    	base64_decode(src, srclen, (unsigned char*)dest.GetBuffer(destlen), destlen);
    	dest.ReleaseBuffer();
    	return dest;
    }

#ifndef __BASE64_20200920_H__
    #define __BASE64_20200920_H__
    __declspec(dllexport) CString Base64Encode(const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen = 0);
    __declspec(dllexport) CString Base64Decode(const unsigned char *src, size_t srclen = 0);
    #endif