Python将字符串转换为日期时间

怼烎@ 2022-12-07 13:25 323阅读 0赞

In this tutorial, we’ll see how to convert string to datetime in python.

在本教程中，我们将看到如何在python中将字符串转换为datetime。

When we fetch the value from a textbox while working with GUI in python, by default the value have string datatype.

当我们在python中使用GUI时从文本框中获取值时，默认情况下，该值具有字符串数据类型。

So here are some ways to convert a string into DateTime.

因此，这里有一些将字符串转换为DateTime的方法。

## Python将字符串转换为日期时间 **(**Python Convert String to Datetime**)** ##

### 1.使用日期时间库 **(**1. Using datetime library**)** ###

Lets say our string is ’06-02-2018′

可以说我们的字符串是'06 -02-2018'

from datetime import datetime
     
    date_string = '06-02-2018'
    date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, '%d-%m-%Y')
    print(date_object)

**Output:**

**输出：**

*2018-02-06 00:00:00*

Where 00:00:00 represents time. In above program, directives

其中00:00:00代表时间。 在以上程序中，指令

%d = day in 2 digit format

％d = 2位格式的日期

%m = month in 2 digit format

％m = 2位数格式的月份

%Y = year in 4 digit format

％Y = 4位数字格式的年份

On other hand if our string is like this  ‘Sep 13 2012 11:00PM’ then we can convert it using this way.

另一方面，如果我们的字符串是这样的'Sep 13 2012 11:00 PM'，那么我们可以使用这种方式进行转换。

from datetime import datetime
     
    date_string = 'Feb 02 2012 08:00PM'
    date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, '%b %d %Y %I:%M%p')
    print(date_object)

**Output:**

**输出：**

*2012-02-02 20:00:00*

where directives

where指令

%b = short form  of month name

％b =月份名称的缩写

%I = hour in short format (0-12)

％I =小时(短格式(0-12))

%M = Minutes in 2 digit format (0-60)

％M = 2位格式的分钟(0-60)

%p = AM or PM

％p = AM或PM

There are many others directives that can be used to convert different types of strings into date. To see more detail on availble directives go to [https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html][https_docs.python.org_2_library_datetime.html]

还有许多其他指令可用于将不同类型的字符串转换为日期。 要查看有关可用指令的更多详细信息，请访问[https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html][https_docs.python.org_2_library_datetime.html]

### 2.使用外部库dateutil –解析器 **(**2. Using external library dateutil – parser**)** ###

To use this library first we have to install it. To install it, open Terminal or Command prompt and type

要首先使用此库，我们必须先安装它。 要安装它，请打开终端或命令提示符，然后键入

*‘pip install python-dateutil’*

*'pip安装python-dateutil'*

And press enter key. Now we can use this library.

然后按回车键。 现在我们可以使用该库了。

from dateutil import parser
     
    date_string = 'feb 06 2018 08:00PM'
    date_object = parser.parse(date_string)
    print(date_object)

**Output:**

**输出：**

*2018-02-06 20:00:00*

Here we don’t need to write directives. For more details about dateutil library please got to [http://labix.org/python-dateutil][http_labix.org_python-dateutil]

在这里，我们不需要编写指令。 有关dateutil库的更多详细信息，请访问[http://labix.org/python-dateutil][http_labix.org_python-dateutil]

### 3.使用外部库时间字符串 **(**3. Using external library timestring**)** ###

Again to use this library we have to install it. To install it open your terminal or command prompt and type

再次使用该库，我们必须安装它。 要安装它，请打开终端或命令提示符，然后键入

*‘pip install timestring’*

*'pip安装时间字符串'*

After installation is done, now we can use this library in our program.

安装完成后，现在我们可以在程序中使用该库了。

import timestring
     
    date_string = 'feb 06 2018 08:00PM'
    date_object = timestring.Date(date_string)
    print(date_object)

**Output**

**输出量**

*2018-02-06 20:00:00*

Again here we don’t need to write directives. for more detail on timestring library go to [https://github.com/stevepeak/timestring][https_github.com_stevepeak_timestring]

同样，在这里我们不需要编写指令。 有关时间字符串库的更多详细信息，请访问[https://github.com/stevepeak/timestring][https_github.com_stevepeak_timestring]

### 4.使用外部库dateparser **(**4. Using external library dateparser**)** ###

To install dateparser, open terminal or command prompt and enter following command.

要安装dateparser，请打开终端或命令提示符，然后输入以下命令。

*‘pip install dateparser’*

*'pip install dateparser'*

Now we can use it.

现在我们可以使用它了。

import dateparser
    date_string = '02/06/2018'
    date_object = dateparser.parse(date_string)
    print(date_object)

**Output**

**输出量**

*2018-02-06 00:00:00*

And if our date string is ‘Fri, 06 feb 2018 08:55:00’ then the program will be same as above, just replace the date\_string.

如果我们的日期字符串是“星期五，2018年2月6日08:55:00”，则程序将与上面相同，只需替换date\_string。

You can ask your queries related to python convert string to datetime.

您可以询问与python将字符串转换为datetime有关的查询。

> 翻译自: [https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2018/04/python-convert-string-to-datetime.html][https_www.thecrazyprogrammer.com_2018_04_python-convert-string-to-datetime.html]

[https_docs.python.org_2_library_datetime.html]: https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html
[http_labix.org_python-dateutil]: https://labix.org/python-dateutil
[https_github.com_stevepeak_timestring]: https://github.com/stevepeak/timestring
[https_www.thecrazyprogrammer.com_2018_04_python-convert-string-to-datetime.html]: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2018/04/python-convert-string-to-datetime.html