php cookies_在PHP中使用Cookies

痛定思痛。 2022-12-06 15:29 201阅读 0赞

php cookies

As a website developer, you can use [PHP][] to set cookies that contain information about the visitors to your website. [Cookies][] store information about a site visitor on the visitor's computer that can be accessed upon a return visit. One common use of cookies is to store an access token so the user doesn't need to log in each time he visits your website. Cookies can also store other information such as the user's name, the date of the last visit and shopping-cart contents.

作为网站开发人员，您可以使用[PHP][]设置cookie，这些cookie包含有关您网站访问者的信息。 [Cookies][]将有关站点访问者的信息存储在访问者的计算机上，可以在回访时访问。 Cookies的一种常见用法是存储访问令牌，因此用户无需在每次访问您的网站时登录。 Cookies还可以存储其他信息，例如用户名，上次访问日期和购物车内容。

Although cookies have been around for years and most people have them enabled, some users either do not accept them because of [privacy concerns][] or automatically delete them when their browsing session closes. Because cookies can be removed by a user at any time and are stored in a [plain-text format][], don't use them to store anything sensitive.

尽管cookie已经存在了很多年，并且大多数人都启用了cookie，但是某些用户出于[隐私考虑][privacy concerns]不接受它们，或者在浏览会话关闭时自动将其删除。 由于用户可以随时删除cookie并以[纯文本格式][plain-text format]存储它们，因此请勿使用它们存储任何敏感内容。

## 如何使用PHP设置Cookie **(** How to Set a Cookie Using PHP **)** ##

In PHP, the **setcookie()** function defines a cookie. It's sent along with the other HTTP headers and transmits before the body of the HTML is parsed.

在PHP中， **setcookie()**函数定义一个cookie。 它与其他HTTP标头一起发送并在解析HTML主体之前发送。

A cookie follows the syntax:

Cookie遵循以下语法：

setcookie(name,value,expire,path,domain,

where *name* denotes the name of the cookie and *value* describes the cookie's contents. For the **setcookie()** function, only the *name* parameter is required. All other parameters are optional.

其中*name*表示cookie的名称， *value*表示cookie的内容。 对于**setcookie()**函数，仅需要*name*参数。 所有其他参数都是可选的。

## 示例Cookie **(** Example Cookie **)** ##

To set a cookie named "UserVisit" in the visitor's browser that sets the value to the current date, and further sets the expiration to be in 30 days (2592000 = 60 seconds \* 60 mins \* 24 hours \* 30 days), use the following PHP code:

要在访问者的浏览器中设置一个名为“ UserVisit”的cookie，将其值设置为当前日期，并进一步将有效期设置为30天(2592000 = 60秒\* 60分钟\* 24小时\* 30天)，请使用以下PHP代码：

<?php 
    $Month = 2592000 + time();
    //this adds 30 days to the current time
    setcookie(UserVisit, date("F jS - g:i a"), $M

Cookies must be sent before any HTML is sent to the page or they do not work, so the **setcookie()** function must appear before the **<html>** tag.

必须先发送Cookie，然后才能将任何HTML发送到页面，否则它们将不起作用，因此**setcookie()**函数必须出现在**<html>**标记之前。

## 如何使用PHP检索Cookie **(** How to Retrieve a Cookie using PHP **)** ##

To retrieve a cookie from the user's computer upon the next visit, call it with the following code:

要在下次访问时从用户计算机检索cookie，请使用以下代码进行调用：

<?php
    if(isset($_COOKIE['UserVisit']))
    {
        
    $last = $_COOKIE['UserVisit'];
    echo "Welcome back! <br> You last visited on ". $last;
    }
    else
    {
        
    echo "Welcome to our site!";<

This code first checks if the cookie exists. If it does, it welcomes the user back and announces when the user last visited. If the user is new, it prints a generic welcome message.

此代码首先检查cookie是否存在。 如果是，它将欢迎用户返回并宣布用户上次访问的时间。 如果用户是新用户，它将打印通用欢迎消息。

**TIP:** If you are calling a cookie on the same page you plan to set one, retrieve it before you overwrite it.

**提示：**如果您打算在要设置同一页面的同一页面上调用Cookie，请先对其进行检索，然后再覆盖它。

## 如何销毁Cookie **(** How to Destroy a Cookie **)** ##

To destroy a cookie, use **setcookie()** again but set the expiration date to be in the past:

要销毁cookie，请再次使用**setcookie()** ，但将到期日期设置为过去的日期：

<?php 
    $past = time() - 10; 
    //this makes the time 10 seconds ago 
    setcookie(UserVisit, date("F jS - g:i a"), $

## 可选参数 **(** Optional Parameters **)** ##

In addition to *value* and *expire,* the **setcookie()** function supports several other optional parameters:

除了*value*和*expire之外，* **setcookie()**函数还支持其他几个可选参数：

*  *Path* identifies the server path of the cookie. If you set it to "/" then the cookie will be available to the entire domain. By default, the cookie works in the directory it's set in, but you can force it to work in other directories by specifying them with this parameter. This function cascades, so all subdirectories within a specified directory will also have access to the cookie.
    
    *路径*识别cookie的服务器路径。 如果将其设置为“ /”，则cookie将可用于整个域。 默认情况下，cookie在其设置的目录中工作，但是您可以通过使用此参数指定它们来强制其在其他目录中工作。 此函数级联，因此指定目录中的所有子目录也将有权访问cookie。
 *  *Domain* identifies the specific domain that the cookie works in. To make the cookie work on all subdomains, specify the top-level domain explicitly (e.g., "sample.com"). If you set the domain to "www.sample.com" then the cookie is only available in the www subdomain.
    
    *域*标识cookie工作的特定域。要使cookie在所有子域上都能工作，请显式指定顶级域(例如，\`\`sample.com'')。 如果将域设置为“ www.sample.com”，则该cookie仅在www子域中可用。
 *  *Secure* specifies whether the cookie should transmit over a secure connection. If this value is set to TRUE then the cookie will set only for HTTPS connections. The default value is FALSE.
    
    *安全*指定Cookie是否应通过安全连接传输。 如果此值设置为TRUE，则cookie仅针对HTTPS连接设置。 默认值为FALSE。
 *  *Httponly*, when set to TRUE, will only allow the cookie to be accessed by the HTTP protocol. By default, the value is FALSE. The benefit of setting the cookie to TRUE is that scripting languages cannot access the cookie. 
    
    *Httponly*设置为TRUE时，仅允许HTTP协议访问cookie。 默认情况下，该值为FALSE。 将cookie设置为TRUE的好处是脚本语言无法访问cookie。

> 翻译自: [https://www.thoughtco.com/using-cookies-with-php-2693786][https_www.thoughtco.com_using-cookies-with-php-2693786]

php cookies

[PHP]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-php-used-for-2694011
[Cookies]: https://www.thoughtco.com/the-difference-between-cookies-and-sessions-2693956
[privacy concerns]: https://www.thoughtco.com/right-to-privacy-history-721174
[plain-text format]: https://www.thoughtco.com/formatting-your-php-2693945
[https_www.thoughtco.com_using-cookies-with-php-2693786]: https://www.thoughtco.com/using-cookies-with-php-2693786