数控电源

- 日理万妓 2022-12-03 12:59 281阅读 0赞

话说最近做了一个数控电源

首先原理图来一个 看看原理

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2OTU4MTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

既然讲到数控电源，难免讲解一下数控电源的知识点，升降压 MOS管，

我所做的是BUCK降压电路

## **　一、Buck电路原理图** ##

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck]][Buck_Buck]

Buck电路，又称降压电路，其基本特征是DC-DC转换电路，输出电压低于输入电压。输入电流为脉动的，输出电流为连续的

## **二、Buck电路工作原理** ##

当开关管Q1驱动为高电平时，开关管导通，储能电感L1被充磁，流经电感的电流线性增加，同时给电容C1充电，给负载R1提供能量。等效电路如图二

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 1]][Buck_Buck 1]

图二

当开关管Q1驱动为低电平时，开关管关断，储能电感L1通过续流二极管放电，电感电流线性减少，输出电压靠输出滤波电容C1放电以及减小的电感电流维持，等效电路如图三

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 2]][Buck_Buck 2]

图三

## **　　三、Buck电路的三种工作模式：CCM，BCM，DCM** ##

**1、CCM Mode**：关键点原件波形见图四

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 3]][Buck_Buck 3]

图四

开关管Q1导通时，根据KVL定律：

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 4]][Buck_Buck 4]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 5]][Buck_Buck 5]

**2、BCM Mode**：关键点原件波形见图五

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 6]][Buck_Buck 6]

图五

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 7]][Buck_Buck 7]

**3、DCM Mode**：关键点原件波形见图六

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 8]][Buck_Buck 8]

图六

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 9]][Buck_Buck 9]

## **　　四、外为参数对系统工作模式的影响：** ##

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 10]][Buck_Buck 10]

图七

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 11]][Buck_Buck 11]

## **　　五、BUCK电路仿真验证：** ##

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 12]][Buck_Buck 12]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 13]][Buck_Buck 13]

图八

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 14]][Buck_Buck 14]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 15]][Buck_Buck 15]

2、CCM模式仿真验证：在上述BCM分析的基础上，得出储能电感的电感量80uH为临界点，由系统工作在CCM的条件，可以将储能电感电感量设置为120uH，理论计算：

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 16]][Buck_Buck 16]

参照图十，可以得出仿真结果，

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 17]][Buck_Buck 17]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 18]][Buck_Buck 18]

3、DCM模式仿真验证：在上述BCM分析的基础上，得出储能电感的电感量80uH为临界点，由系统工作在DCM的条件，可以将储能电感电感量设置为40uH。重点验证输入输出电压关系以及输出平均电流关系。

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 19]][Buck_Buck 19]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 20]][Buck_Buck 20]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 21]][Buck_Buck 21]

[![Buck电路工作原理以及三种工作模式分析][Buck 22]][Buck_Buck 22]

## 以上的知识点  是我在其他网站上看到的，觉得很不错，大家可以学习基本的BUCK电路，以此来设计属于自己的电路 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2OTU4MTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2OTU4MTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

调压调流  具有过压保护

过流保护

MOS管的开启关断  ，双闭环控制   输出电压 电流采样

输入电压采样   PID 算法

#include "pid.h"
    
    /**
      * @brief  pidInit
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    void pidInit(PidObject* pid)
    {
            pid->ap        = pid->kp * (1 + pid->dt / pid->ki + pid->kd / pid->dt);
            pid->ai        = pid->kp * (1 + 2 * pid->kd / pid->dt);
            pid->ad        = pid->kp * pid->kd / pid->dt;
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief  pidUpdate
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    float pidUpdate(PidObject* pid, const float desired, const float now_value)
    {
            float output=0.0f;
            
            pid->error = desired - now_value;
    
            pid->inc = (pid->ap * pid->error) - (pid->ai * pid->prevError1) + (pid->ad * pid->prevError2);
            
            output = pid->inc + pid->outLast1;
            
            if(output > pid->iLimitHigh)
            {
                    output = pid->iLimitHigh;
            }
            
            if(output < pid->iLimitLow)
            {
                    output = pid->iLimitLow;
            }
            
            pid->prevError2        = pid->prevError1;
            pid->prevError1        = pid->error;
            pid->outLast1        = output;
            
            return output;
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief  pid calear
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    void pidClear(PidObject* pid)
    {
            pid->error             = 0;
            pid->prevError1 = 0;
            pid->prevError2 = 0;
            
            pid->outLast1        = 0;
            pid->inc                = 0;
    }
    
    
    /**
      * @brief  pidReset
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    void pidReset(PidObject* pid)
    {
            pid->error             = 0.0f;
            pid->prevError1 = 0.0f;
            pid->prevError2 = 0.0f;
            pid->outLast1        = 0.0f;
            pid->inc                = 0.0f;
            
            pid->desired = 0.0f;
            pid->iLimitHigh = 0.0f;
            pid->iLimitLow = 0.0f;
            
            pid->dt = 0.0f;
            pid->kp = 0.0f;
            pid->ki = 0.0f;
            pid->kd = 0.0f;
            
            pid->ad = 0.0f;
            pid->ai = 0.0f;
            pid->ap = 0.0f;
            
    }

* @brief  This function ...
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    static uint16_t cnt=0;
    void myControlTask(void)
    {
     float fb_io=0.0f;
     float fb_vo=0.0f;
     float fb_w=0.0f;
     // OLED_ShowChar(16, 2, ':', 16);
     if(device.outputState!=0)
     {
      
      device.iovp = (power.Vi>PW_VOLTAGV_IN_MAX)?1:0;  //输入过压保护
      device.iuvp = (power.Vi<PW_VOLTAGV_IN_MIN)?1:0;  //输入欠压保护
      device.oocp = (power.Io>PW_CURRENT_OUT_MAX)?1:0; //输出过流保护
      device.oovp = (power.Vo>(PW_VOLTAGV_OUT_MAX+0.5f))?1:0; //输出过压保护
      
      if(device.iovp||device.iuvp||device.oocp||device.oovp)
      {
       PWM_Stop();
       device.recoveryCnt = 0;
       LED_OUT_OFF;
       LED_CV_CC_OFF;
      }
      else
      { //故障恢复
       device.recoveryCnt = (device.recoveryCnt>device.faultTime)?device.recoveryCnt:device.recoveryCnt+1;
      }
     
      fb_io = ((float)power.channel[1] - calib.ioZero) * calib.ioRatio;
      fb_vo = power.channel[2] * calib.voRatio;
      if(fb_io<0)
      {
       fb_io = 0;
      }
      /* 大电流补偿压差 */
      #if _USE_COMPENSATE
      fb_vo -= (fb_io * 0.05f);
      if(fb_vo<0)
      {
       fb_vo = 0;
      }
      #endif
      /*  */
      
      /* 恒功率 */
      #if 1 
      fb_w = fb_vo*fb_io;
      if(fb_w>250.0f)
      {
       PWM_Stop();
       device.recoveryCnt = 0;
       LED_OUT_OFF;
       LED_CV_CC_OFF;
      }
      #endif
      /* */
    
      if(device.recoveryCnt==device.faultTime) //恢复PWM波形输出
      {
       pidClear(&vPID);
       pidClear(&iPID);
       device.controlPWM = 0;
       PWM_Start();
       PWM_Update(device.controlPWM);
       LED_OUT_ON;
      }
     
      if(device.recoveryCnt>=device.faultTime)
      {
       switch(device.controlMode)
       {
        case CV_MODE:
         device.controlPWM = pidUpdate(&vPID, vPID.desired, fb_vo); //电压环PID计算     
         iPID.outLast1 = device.controlPWM;
         device.controlMode = (fb_io<iPID.desired)?CV_MODE:CC_MODE;
         if(cnt%50==0) { LED_CV_ON; }
         break;
        case CC_MODE:
         device.controlPWM = pidUpdate(&iPID, iPID.desired, fb_io); //电流环PID计算 
         vPID.outLast1 = device.controlPWM;
         device.controlMode = (fb_vo>vPID.desired)?CV_MODE:CC_MODE;
         if(cnt%50==0) { LED_CC_ON; }
         break;
        default:
         device.controlMode = CV_MODE;
         break;
       }
       
       PWM_Update(device.controlPWM);
      }
     
      cnt++;
     }
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2OTU4MTA0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221123/2119ce30bd544a8c9a5ce145792f334a.png
[Buck]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MDYxNTU2NC5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck]: /images/20221123/42a1c8b3214644be96fabc51a293d457.png
[Buck 1]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MDYyWDQ1LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 1]: /images/20221123/f20c20bd9a334dcab6981b705d96795c.png
[Buck 2]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MDY0TzMwLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 2]: /images/20221123/3700d177423542acbdde36362341d897.png
[Buck 3]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MEZTMzYucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 3]: /images/20221123/30f2d5b369704d4093dcae98350e14b6.png
[Buck 4]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MEk0MjI0LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 4]: /images/20221123/1bbbd8827a734df3a6273b05ed808b26.png
[Buck 5]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MEo2MTE4LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 5]: /images/20221123/bfa85ab745eb41d9a4daf0eb1eed5c4a.png
[Buck 6]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MFAyVjgucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 6]: /images/20221123/660d4674dab84112ba0dc99131721e7e.png
[Buck 7]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MFE2NDUyLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 7]: /images/20221123/c108f19622164e259be9e621a9aa51cf.png
[Buck 8]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MFMyTzAucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 8]: /images/20221123/897901c8c0434f88a17a71cb5c070b66.png
[Buck 9]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MFQ0VzAucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 9]: /images/20221123/59639f63fe0741278747b53a1af87e65.png
[Buck 10]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MFowNjI3LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 10]: /images/20221123/0addef598c714f34ad08da83c36bb77d.png
[Buck 11]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MDkyMTEzMC5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 11]: /images/20221123/603a4ced1cf948f389bb6ff47c531c54.png
[Buck 12]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MDkzUjU5LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 12]: /images/20221123/484eef155e2f457fa3bf6294d99a96e4.png
[Buck 13]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTAxNjQ0MS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 13]: /images/20221123/837103ae18e24d8aa22169edb651a0e4.png
[Buck 14]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTAzMjlDLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 14]: /images/20221123/c74f6539a1b24ca49de8119f5a460ac0.png
[Buck 15]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTA0NjM0NS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 15]: /images/20221123/073cb7f099594068af62bad552fd9cfb.png
[Buck 16]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTA1SzIxLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 16]: /images/20221123/37ab078da88f4f5580d3634fb4ed5692.png
[Buck 17]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTEwWTkxLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 17]: /images/20221123/9454b969a2bb443b9d680cf30f840516.png
[Buck 18]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTEyMjJDLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 18]: /images/20221123/7d49a0122a5646be8624b8d663c10dc1.png
[Buck 19]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTEzM2ExLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 19]: /images/20221123/a5b514a0a12e4597962ebb34d0fad5ac.png
[Buck 20]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTE0MjM2MS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 20]: /images/20221123/e757c376715241599c3ad0baf4af89cf.png
[Buck 21]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTE1MjRWLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 21]: /images/20221123/6ea7256d09b04967b64da18dc01ab7ac.png
[Buck 22]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5lbGVjZmFucy5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy9hbGxpbWcvMTcxMTA3LzIzODcxMjMtMUcxMEc1MTIxMUU4LnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Buck_Buck 22]: /images/20221123/8915eb2b10864297a00790f3fc922c59.png
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