GitLab: 如何使用外部提供的PostgreSQL数据库

- 日理万妓 2022-12-03 08:42 836阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

缺省的情况下GitLab的官方镜像中提供了一个PostgreSQL，如果希望把此数据库放在GitLab的容器之外的话需要怎么做呢？这篇文章结合示例进行说明具体的做法。

--------------------

### 文章目录 ###

*  环境准备
 *   *  配置文件：GitLab
     *  配置文件：PostgreSQL
     *  启动命令
     *  结果确认
 *  使用外部PostgreSQL服务
 *   *  步骤1: 设定gitlab.rb
     *  步骤2: gitlab-ctl reconfigure
     *  步骤3 ： 结果确认
 *  常见错误
 *   *  Connection refused
     *  数据库gitlabhq\_production不存在
 *  参考文档

--------------------

# 环境准备 #

## 配置文件：GitLab ##

version: '2'    
    services:
      # Version Control service: Gitlab
      gitlab:
        image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:12.10.5-ce.0
        ports:
          - "35001:80"
          - "30022:22"
          - "443:443"
        volumes:
          - ./log/:/var/log/gitlab
          - ./data/:/var/opt/gitlab
          - ./conf/:/etc/gitlab
        restart: "no"

## 配置文件：PostgreSQL ##

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ cat docker-compose.yml 
    version: '2'
    
    services:
      # database service: PostgreSQL
      postgres:
        image: postgres:12.4-alpine
        ports:
          - "35432:5432"
        volumes:
          - ./data/:/var/lib/postgresql/data
        environment:
          - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=liumiao
        restart: "no"
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$

## 启动命令 ##

> 执行命令：docker-compose up -d

## 结果确认 ##

*  GitLab

[root@liumiaocn gitlab]# docker-compose ps
         Name             Command          State                                     Ports                               
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    gitlab_gitlab_1   /assets/wrapper   Up (healthy)   0.0.0.0:30022->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:35001->80/tcp
    [root@liumiaocn gitlab]#

*  PostgreSQL

[root@liumiaocn postgres]# docker-compose ps
           Name                      Command              State            Ports         
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    postgres_postgres_1   docker-entrypoint.sh postgres   Up      0.0.0.0:35432->5432/tcp
    [root@liumiaocn postgres]#

--------------------

# 使用外部PostgreSQL服务 #

## 步骤1: 设定gitlab.rb ##

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker exec -it gitlab_gitlab_1 sh
    # cd /etc/gitlab
    # ls
    gitlab-secrets.json  ssh_host_ecdsa_key      ssh_host_ed25519_key      ssh_host_rsa_key      trusted-certs
    gitlab.rb	     ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub  ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub  ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
    # cp -p gitlab.rb gitlab.rb.org
    # vi gitlab.rb
    # diff gitlab.rb gitlab.rb.org
    561,562c561,562
    < gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = "postgresql"
    < gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = "utf8"
    ---
    > # gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = "postgresql"
    > # gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = "unicode"
    564c564
    < gitlab_rails['db_database'] = "postgres"
    ---
    > # gitlab_rails['db_database'] = "gitlabhq_production"
    566,569c566,569
    < gitlab_rails['db_username'] = "postgres"
    < gitlab_rails['db_password'] = 'liumiao'
    < gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '192.168.163.151'
    < gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 35432
    ---
    > # gitlab_rails['db_username'] = "gitlab"
    > # gitlab_rails['db_password'] = nil
    > # gitlab_rails['db_host'] = nil
    > # gitlab_rails['db_port'] = 5432
    914c914
    < postgresql['enable'] = false
    ---
    > # postgresql['enable'] = true
    #

## 步骤2: gitlab-ctl reconfigure ##

> 执行命令：gitlab-ctl reconfigure

或者

> 执行命令：docker-compose restart

执行日志示例如下所示：

# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
    Starting Chef Client, version 14.14.29
    resolving cookbooks for run list: ["gitlab"]
    Synchronizing Cookbooks:
      - package (0.1.0)
      - postgresql (0.1.0)
      - redis (0.1.0)
      - registry (0.1.0)
      - mattermost (0.1.0)
      - consul (0.1.0)
      - gitaly (0.1.0)
      - praefect (0.1.0)
      - letsencrypt (0.1.0)
      - nginx (0.1.0)
      - runit (4.3.0)
      - crond (0.1.0)
      - gitlab (0.0.1)
      - monitoring (0.1.0)
      - acme (4.1.1)
    Installing Cookbook Gems:
    Compiling Cookbooks...
    Recipe: gitlab::default
    ...省略

## 步骤3 ： 结果确认 ##

登录之后可以正常进行root密码的重置  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
重置之后也可以使用新的密码正常登录  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

*  进入到GitLab容器中可以看到内置的PostgreSQL的服务已经不在运行了

[root@liumiaocn gitlab]# docker exec -it gitlab_gitlab_1 sh
    # gitlab-ctl status
    run: alertmanager: (pid 297) 636s; run: log: (pid 296) 636s
    run: gitaly: (pid 306) 636s; run: log: (pid 305) 636s
    run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 289) 636s; run: log: (pid 288) 636s
    run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 291) 636s; run: log: (pid 290) 636s
    run: grafana: (pid 285) 636s; run: log: (pid 284) 636s
    run: logrotate: (pid 287) 636s; run: log: (pid 286) 636s
    run: nginx: (pid 299) 636s; run: log: (pid 298) 636s
    run: prometheus: (pid 295) 636s; run: log: (pid 294) 636s
    run: redis: (pid 304) 636s; run: log: (pid 303) 636s
    run: redis-exporter: (pid 293) 636s; run: log: (pid 292) 636s
    run: sidekiq: (pid 307) 636s; run: log: (pid 302) 636s
    run: sshd: (pid 25) 651s; run: log: (pid 24) 651s
    run: unicorn: (pid 301) 636s; run: log: (pid 300) 636s
    #

*  连接外部的GitLab服务即可可以看到表的结构已经创建在指定的postgres数据库中了。

--------------------

# 常见错误 #

## Connection refused ##

*  现象：提示Connection refused

Recipe: gitlab::database_migrations
      * bash[migrate gitlab-rails database] action run
        [execute] rake aborted!
                  PG::ConnectionBad: could not connect to server: Connection refused
                  	Is the server running on host "192.168.163.151" and accepting
                  	TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
                  /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:48:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
                  /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
                  /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
                  Tasks: TOP => gitlab:db:configure
                  (See full trace by running task with --trace)

*  原因：可能是由于端口号错误、IP地址错误、网络不通、防火墙设定等诸多原因，建议先用psql确认一下，比如端口号错误，可能的示例日志如下：

[root@liumiaocn gitlab]# psql -h 192.168.163.151 -p 5432 postgres postgres
    psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    	Is the server running on host "192.168.163.151" and accepting
    	TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
    [root@liumiaocn gitlab]#

## 数据库gitlabhq\_production不存在 ##

*  现象：database “gitlabhq\_production” does not exist

gitlab_1  |   * bash[migrate gitlab-rails database] action run
    gitlab_1  |     [execute] rake aborted!
    gitlab_1  |               ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError: FATAL:  database "gitlabhq_production" does not exist
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:48:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
    gitlab_1  |               
    gitlab_1  |               Caused by:
    gitlab_1  |               PG::ConnectionBad: FATAL:  database "gitlabhq_production" does not exist
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:48:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
    gitlab_1  |               /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
    gitlab_1  |               Tasks: TOP => gitlab:db:configure
    gitlab_1  |               (See full trace by running task with --trace)
    gitlab_1  |     
    gitlab_1  |     ================================================================================
    gitlab_1  |     Error executing action `run` on resource 'bash[migrate gitlab-rails database]'
    gitlab_1  |     ================================================================================

*  原因：缺省情况下，不做设定时，GitLab中的PostgreSQL的database名称为gitlabhq\_production，如果使用的是外部的PostgreSQL，此数据库没有创建时自然会出错，可以手动创建也可以使用缺省的postgres数据库

--------------------

# 参考文档 #

https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/postgresql/external.html

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221123/f8bfabdc827e4097ae32e48b6df488c5.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221123/133d790cd8e042089de8cde94dcefb31.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpdW1pYW9jbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221123/7b39cffa35f64f7fa86c1f5e971be47b.png