nginx（四） nginx用法实例

我不是女神ヾ 2022-12-01 01:22 371阅读 0赞

本人常用的机器是windows，下面在windows环境下演示下Nginx的用法

一、代理后端接口：如我本地在9999端口启动一个服务：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

现在使用nginx代理到这个端口：此时访问localhost:9991会代理localhost:9999

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

通过代理访问接口：localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode使用localhost:9999 = localhost:9991规则来替换，得到localhost:9991/demo/code/getCode

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

如果Nginx换个写法：

server {	
            listen       9991;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:9999/demo/;
            }

这时候访问localhost:9991会代理到localhost:9999/demo/，原地址localhost:9999/demo/code/getCod替换下，所以访问代理的url为：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

二、代理前端页面：

![20200826151732461.png][]

server {
    	
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
            }
    		
    		#访问方式：http://localhost/test/或http://localhost/test
    		location ^~  /test{
                alias   F:/aaa;
    			index test.html;
                autoindex on;
                autoindex_exact_size off;
                autoindex_localtime on;
                ssi on;
                ssi_silent_errors on;
    			proxy_redirect          off;
                proxy_set_header        Host $host;
                proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            }

![20200826161625451.png][]

三、代理静态资源：

server {
    	
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
            }
    		
            #访问方式：http://localhost/file/或http://localhost/file
    		location ^~  /file{
                alias   E:/jdk1.8;
                autoindex on;
                autoindex_exact_size off;
                autoindex_localtime on;
                ssi on;
                ssi_silent_errors on;
    			proxy_redirect          off;
                proxy_set_header        Host $host;
                proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

四、使用同一个Nginx配置文件同时代理多个后端服务、静态资源：

events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
        sendfile        on;
        keepalive_timeout  65;  
    
        server {
    	
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #访问方式：http://localhost/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode接口
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
            }
    		
    		
    		 #访问方式：http://localhost/mytest/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:7777/demo/code/getCode接口
    		 location /mytest/ {
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:7777/;
            }
    		
    		#访问方式：http://localhost/test/或http://localhost/test
    		location ^~  /test{
                alias   F:/aaa;
    			index test.html;
                autoindex on;
                autoindex_exact_size off;
                autoindex_localtime on;
                ssi on;
                ssi_silent_errors on;
    			proxy_redirect          off;
                proxy_set_header        Host $host;
                proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            }
    		
    		#访问方式：http://localhost/file/或http://localhost/file
    		location ^~  /file{
                alias   E:;
                autoindex on;
                autoindex_exact_size off;
                autoindex_localtime on;
                ssi on;
                ssi_silent_errors on;
    			proxy_redirect          off;
                proxy_set_header        Host $host;
                proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For     $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            }
    		
    		   
        } 
    
    }

五、使用Nginx实现负载均衡：使用upstream。

如同一个服务在本地分别启动9999和7777两个端口：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][] ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

修改nginx配置并重启：注意weight和=中间不要有空格

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

这时候访问localhost:9991/demo/code/getCode，可以看到本地9999和7777两个端口在轮询调用。

再如：

upstream mydemoservice{
    	  server  localhost:7777 weight=5;
    	   server localhost:9999 weight=5;
    	}
    
        server {
    	
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #访问方式：http://localhost/demo/code/getCode，代理到http://localhost:9999/demo/code/getCode接口
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://localhost:9999;
            }
    		
    		location /myserver/ {
    			proxy_pass http://mydemoservice/;
            }

访问localhost/myserver/demo/code/getCode。

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221123/36c3a8656fd84431b1262988685ad01a.png
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[20200826151732461.png]: /images/20221123/c37fcb62e3434e6b92cf50fb4fd73f49.png
[20200826161625451.png]: /images/20221123/bf7cea1a3e134d91a01405ed3ad12948.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020082516580010.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221123/e3b1c56d392041cb84d7361e25419933.png
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