Java HttpClient 发送multipart form-data的Post请求

你的名字 2022-12-01 01:16 426阅读 0赞

jenkins，client， API，用户凭证

# 一、背景 #

我们目前正在对Jenkins进行二次开发，开源社区提供了针对jenkins的API，如:[https://github.com/jenkinsci/java-client-api][https_github.com_jenkinsci_java-client-api]  
但是，API支持的功能并不是很完善，如没有发现支持用户凭证的相关接口， 因此，只能通过其他解决方案来实现。

# 二、解决方案 #

## 2.1 curl命令行 ##

参考文献：  
[https://stackoverrun.com/cn/q/8142466][https_stackoverrun.com_cn_q_8142466]

### 2.1.1 方式一 ###

curl -X POST 'http://user:token@jenkins_server:8080/credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials' \ 
    --data-urlencode 'json={ 
        "": "0", 
        "credentials": { 
        "scope": "GLOBAL", 
        "id": "identification", 
        "username": "manu", 
        "password": "bar", 
        "description": "linda", 
        "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl" 
        } 
    }'

### 2.1.2 方式二 ###

如果方式一，报403错误，如下所示：

<body><h2>HTTP ERROR 403</h2> 
    <p>Problem accessing /credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials. Reason: 
    <pre> No valid crumb was included in the request</pre></p><hr><i><small>Powered by Jetty://</small></i><hr/>

`可以使用下面的方式`

CRUMB=$(curl -s 'http://user:token@jenkins_server:8080/crumbIssuer/api/xml?xpath=concat(//crumbRequestField,":",//crumb)') 
    curl -H $CRUMB -X POST 'http://user:token@jenkins_server:8080/credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials' \ 
    --data-urlencode 'json={ 
        "": "0", 
        "credentials": { 
        "scope": "GLOBAL", 
        "id": "identification", 
        "username": "manu", 
        "password": "bar", 
        "description": "linda", 
        "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl" 
        } 
    }'

## 2.2 Postman测试工具 ##

![format_png][]

postman测试post

![format_png 1][]

查看原生的发送请求方式

如何看得懂，上面的协议呢？  
[https://blog.csdn.net/hairetz/article/details/6047905][https_blog.csdn.net_hairetz_article_details_6047905]

## 2.3 Java代码 ##

1.  依赖的jar包

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
        <version>4.4.1</version>
    </dependency>

1.  代码如下：

public static void createUserCre(String id) {
            String url = "http://admin:11a8ff57440f35baead7a3cc8a21ec2c44@172.16.91.121:8888/jenkins/credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials?";
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    
            CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
            String respContent = null;
            JSONObject jsonParam = new JSONObject();
    
            JSONObject credentialsJsonParam = new JSONObject();
    
            credentialsJsonParam.put("scope", "GLOBAL");
            //注意，如果ID一样的话，插入失败
            credentialsJsonParam.put("id", id);
            credentialsJsonParam.put("username", "abc520");
            credentialsJsonParam.put("password", "123456");
            credentialsJsonParam.put("description", "hello world jenkins hellow");
            credentialsJsonParam.put("$class", "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl");
    
            jsonParam.put("credentials", credentialsJsonParam);
            jsonParam.put("", "0");
    
            logger.info("=============:\t" + jsonParam.toString());
            MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
            builder.addTextBody("json", jsonParam.toString(), ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
    
            HttpEntity multipart = builder.build();
    
            HttpResponse resp = null;
            try {
                httpPost.setEntity(multipart);
                resp = client.execute(httpPost);
    
                //注意，返回的结果的状态码是302，非200
                if (resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 302) {
                    HttpEntity he = resp.getEntity();
                    logger.info("----------------123----------666666---");
                    respContent = EntityUtils.toString(he, "UTF-8");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.error(e.getMessage());
            }
    
            logger.info("=========================:\t" + respContent);
            logger.info("=========================:\t" + resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
    
        }

开发时，可以根据自己的实际情况，进行调整。

# 三、补充 #

## 3.1 Java HttpClient 发送multipart/form-data带有Json文件的Post请求 ##

说明：发送multipart/form-data带有Json文件的Post请求，文件内容其实就是json字符串，这种请求之前都是通过postman发的，见postman截图

![format_png 2][]

postman form-data json文件1

![format_png 3][]

postman form-data json文件2

依赖的jar包 ： httpclient-4.5.3.jar，httpmime-4.3.jar

1.  代码：

import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
    import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    public class HttpMultipartFormdataDemo1 {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
            // 文件sTestsetFile：solr_etl_agent35.json是存有JSON字符串的文件
            String sTestsetFile=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"testdata"+File.separator+"solr_etl_agent35.json";
            String sURL="http://172.16.101.46:14401/editorialincre";
            
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpPost uploadFile = new HttpPost(sURL);
            
            MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
            builder.addTextBody("field1", "yes", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);
    
            // 把文件加到HTTP的post请求中
            File f = new File(sTestsetFile);
            builder.addBinaryBody(
                "file",
                new FileInputStream(f),
                ContentType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM,
                f.getName()
            );
    
            HttpEntity multipart = builder.build();
            uploadFile.setEntity(multipart);
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(uploadFile);
            HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
            String sResponse=EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity, "UTF-8");
            System.out.println("Post 返回结果"+sResponse);
        }
    
    }

## 3.2 java实现http post通讯 并进行urlencode，编码方式utf-8 ##

1.  通讯实现

package com.token;
    
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    public class HttpClientUtil {
        /**
         * 日志对象
         */
        private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);
    
        private HttpClientUtil(){
    
        }
    
        public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
            // 创建Httpclient对象
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
            String resultString = "";
            try {
                // 创建Http Post请求
                HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
                // 创建参数列表
                if (param != null) {
                    List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                    for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                        paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
                    }
                    // 模拟表单
                    UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList,"utf-8");
                    httpPost.setEntity(entity);
                }
                // 执行http请求
                response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
    
            return resultString;
        }
    
    
    }

1.  发起通讯

Map<String, String> paramMap = new HashMap();
     paramMap.put("name","zhangsan");
     paramMap.put("age","12");
     String result = HttpClientUtil.doPost("http://127.0.0.1/api?", paramMap);

返回的result为json串

参考文献：  
[https://blog.csdn.net/vvv\_110/article/details/85231290][https_blog.csdn.net_vvv_110_article_details_85231290]  
[https://blog.csdn.net/achang21/article/details/79304276][https_blog.csdn.net_achang21_article_details_79304276]

作者：翻江倒海一条鱼  
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/d6ab78e4ed73  
来源：简书  
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

[https_github.com_jenkinsci_java-client-api]: https://github.com/jenkinsci/java-client-api
[https_stackoverrun.com_cn_q_8142466]: https://stackoverrun.com/cn/q/8142466
[format_png]: /images/20221123/48adf9c43aef4011a02f19f253299aca.png
[format_png 1]: /images/20221123/089dcb77c11643ab986b1412398747d9.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_hairetz_article_details_6047905]: https://blog.csdn.net/hairetz/article/details/6047905
[format_png 2]: /images/20221123/7d41ec3080254da0825c1dac0338e98a.png
[format_png 3]: /images/20221123/d9e43a2fe61a46c0a58f185b338175c1.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_vvv_110_article_details_85231290]: https://blog.csdn.net/vvv_110/article/details/85231290
[https_blog.csdn.net_achang21_article_details_79304276]: https://blog.csdn.net/achang21/article/details/79304276