闲哥教我的spring cloud基础入门

喜欢ヅ旅行 2022-11-30 11:59 127阅读 0赞

目的：搭载一个spingcloud框架，实现eureka,gateway,config基础功能以及通过openfeign和resttemplat互相调用。

本例将所有代码建立在同一个project下的多个moudle。其他方式亦可

开发工具：IDEA

下面开始正文：

**一，新建空的project**

FILE->NEW->PROJECT->MAVEN->输入groupid和artifactid，直到完成。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

配置基础的pom.xml,额外添加如下即可

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

删除src文件夹。

**二、新建eureka服务**

New->module->maven

![20200824092640242.png][]

配置该module下的pom，主要是添加colud和eureka的包额外添加如下代码

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

新建application文件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

配置文件application.yml

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

配置启动项，并启动

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

注册中心就启动成功了，如下图

![20200824093100706.png][]

下面的其他服务大同小异，只要多引用一个eureka的client包即可完成注册。

**三、新建gateway服务**

新建gatway的module，New->Module->maven

![20200824093408342.png][]

配置pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>basedemo</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.cestc.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

新建application

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

配置application.yml

spring:
      application:
        name: car-gateway
      cloud:
        client:
          ipAddress: 127.0.0.1
        gateway:
          discover: #是否与服务发现组件进行结合，通过 serviceId(必须设置成大写) 转发到具体的服务实例。默认为false，设为true便开启通过服务中心的自动根据 serviceId 创建路由的功能。
            locator:
              enabled: true
          routes:
            - id: product
              uri: lb://producerService
              order: 1
              predicates:
                - Path=/producer/**
            #          filters:
            #            - StripPrefix=1
            - id: consumer
              uri: lb://consumer
              order: 2
              predicates:
                - Path=/consumer/**
    #          filters:
    #            - StripPrefix=1
    
    
    server:
      port: 9081
    
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:9080/eureka/
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}

这个暂时不看结果，不过启动后会在注册中心看到。

四、配置config

这个有其他例子，稍后再写，多个了git，恶心一些。这是个单独的功能，不影响其他4个调试。

五、配置生产者和消费者2个测试服务

1.  新建moduel，service（new->module->service）
2.  删除service下的src，新建2个module，分别命名为producer,consumer
3.  配置service下的pom文件，这是二者公用的jar包。主要包括cloud包，eureka的client和web做测试。
4.      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
            <parent>
                <artifactId>basedemo</artifactId>
                <groupId>com.cestc.springcloud</groupId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </parent>
            <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        
            <artifactId>service</artifactId>
            <packaging>pom</packaging>
            <modules>
                <module>producer</module>
                <module>consumer</module>
            </modules>
        
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
                </dependency>
        
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
                </dependency>
        
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        
        
        </project>
5.  consumer的pom.xml，额外添加一个foreign
6.      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
            <parent>
                <artifactId>service</artifactId>
                <groupId>com.cestc.springcloud</groupId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </parent>
            <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        
            <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        
        </project>
    
    producer下的不用改
7.  producr新建测试输出：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

8.新建application

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

9.新建application.yml，config内容为config所用可以没有

spring:
      application:
        name: producerService
      cloud:
        client:
          ipAddress: 127.0.0.1
        config:
          name: myspringboot
          label: master
          uri: http://127.0.0.1:1112/
          profile: dev
    
    #服务端口
    server:
      port: 8081
    #  servlet:
    #    context-path: /product
    
    # 注册中心地址
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:9080/eureka/
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}

10.consumer新建测试controller，结构如图，下面只贴代码

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]11.新建application

package com.cestc.service.consumer;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
    
    /**
     * @author 
     * @date 2020/8/20 14:31
     */
    @EnableFeignClients
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConsumerApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

12.新建config（初始化resttemplat）

package com.cestc.service.consumer;
    
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    /**
     * @date 2020/8/20 16:10
     */
    @Configuration
    public class Config {
    
        @Bean
        public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    
    }

13.新建productservice，代码中producerService为生产者服务名，下面的路径是生产者的路径。该功能用于feign调用

package com.cestc.service.consumer;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    
    /**
     * @author 
     * @date 2020/8/20 16:02
     */
    @FeignClient("producerService")
    public interface ProductService {
    
        @GetMapping("/producer/hello")
        public String hello();
    
    }

14.consumer的application.yml

spring:
      application:
        name: consumer
      cloud:
        client:
          ipAddress: 127.0.0.1
    
    #服务端口
    server:
      port: 8082
    #  servlet:
    #    context-path: /consumer
    
    # 注册中心地址
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:9080/eureka/
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}

15.启动以上4个服务

五、验证

1、eureka验证

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

2、验证生产者producer

![20200824100029100.png][]

3、验证消费者

![20200824100054901.png][]

4、生产者调用消费者，2种方式，一个是feign，一种是resttemplate

![20200824100125528.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2wxMzUwMzMzMDM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

5、网关测试，注意端口

![20200824100217444.png][]

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