Python实现生日蛋糕

野性酷女 2022-11-30 04:06 213阅读 0赞

![format_png][]

来源：http://suo.im/5CtiXr

## 前言    ##

蛋糕的由来：

某天在b站上看到某up主，用ipad手绘了一个蛋糕，当时觉得还不错，于是就想自己也画一个蛋糕出来。但奈何画画技术不行，于是就想到利用刚学完的python来实现。

下面我来展示我的代码：

import turtle as t
    import math as m
    import random as r
    
    
    
    
    def drawX(a, i):
        angle = m.radians(i)
        return a * m.cos(angle)
    
    
    
    
    def drawY(b, i):
        angle = m.radians(i)
        return b * m.sin(angle)
    
    
    
    
    # 设置背景颜色，窗口位置以及大小
    t.bgcolor("#d3dae8")
    t.setup(1000, 800)
    t.penup()
    t.goto(150, 0)
    t.pendown()
    # 1
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(150, i)
        y = drawY(60, i)
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#fef5f7")
    t.end_fill()
    # 2
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(180):
        x = drawX(150, -i)
        y = drawY(70, -i)
        t.goto(x, y)
    for i in range(180, 360):
        x = drawX(150, i)
        y = drawY(60, i)
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f2d7dd")
    t.end_fill()
    # 3
    t.pu()
    t.goto(120, 0)
    t.pd()
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(120, i)
        y = drawY(48, i)
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#cbd9f9")
    t.end_fill()
    # 4
    t.begin_fill()
    t.pencolor("#fee48c")
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(120, i)
        y = drawY(48, i) + 70
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-120, 0)
    t.fillcolor("#cbd9f9")
    t.end_fill()
    # 5
    t.pu()
    t.goto(120, 70)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#fff0f3")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(120, i)
        y = drawY(48, i) + 70
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#fff0f3")
    t.end_fill()
    # 6
    t.pu()
    t.goto(110, 70)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#fff9fb")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(110, i)
        y = drawY(44, i) + 70
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#fff9fb")
    t.end_fill()
    # 7
    t.pu()
    t.goto(120, 0)
    t.pd()
    t.begin_fill()
    t.pencolor("#ffa79d")
    for i in range(180):
        x = drawX(120, -i)
        y = drawY(48, -i) + 10
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-120, 0)
    for i in range(180, 360):
        x = drawX(120, i)
        y = drawY(48, i)
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#ffa79d")
    t.end_fill()
    # 8
    t.pu()
    t.goto(120, 70)
    t.pd()
    t.begin_fill()
    t.pensize(4)
    t.pencolor("#fff0f3")
    for i in range(1800):
        x = drawX(120, 0.1 * i)
        y = drawY(-18, i) + 10
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-120, 70)
    t.pensize(1)
    for i in range(180, 360):
        x = drawX(120, i)
        y = drawY(48, i) + 70
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#fff0f3")
    t.end_fill()
    # 9
    t.pu()
    t.goto(80, 70)
    t.pd()
    t.begin_fill()
    t.pencolor("#6f3732")
    t.goto(80, 120)
    for i in range(180):
        x = drawX(80, i)
        y = drawY(32, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-80, 70)
    for i in range(180, 360):
        x = drawX(80, i)
        y = drawY(32, i) + 70
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#6f3732")
    t.end_fill()
    # 10
    t.pu()
    t.goto(80, 120)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#ffaaa0")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(80, i)
        y = drawY(32, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#ffaaa0")
    t.end_fill()
    # 11
    t.pu()
    t.goto(70, 120)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#ffc3be")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(70, i)
        y = drawY(28, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#ffc3be")
    t.end_fill()
    # 12
    t.pu()
    t.goto(80, 120)
    t.pd()
    t.begin_fill()
    t.pensize(3)
    t.pencolor("#ffaaa0")
    for i in range(1800):
        x = drawX(80, 0.1 * i)
        y = drawY(-12, i) + 80
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-80, 120)
    t.pensize(1)
    for i in range(180, 360):
        x = drawX(80, i)
        y = drawY(32, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#ffaaa0")
    t.end_fill()
    # 13
    t.pu()
    t.goto(64, 120)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 60
        y = drawY(1, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(64, 170)
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 60
        y = drawY(1, i) + 170
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(56, 120)
    t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.end_fill()
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.pensize(2)
    for i in range(1, 6):
        t.goto(64, 120 + 10 * i)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(56, 120 + 10 * i)
        t.pd()
    t.pu()
    t.goto(60, 170)
    t.pd()
    t.goto(60, 180)
    t.pensize(1)
    #
    t.pu()
    t.goto(64, 190)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#f1add1")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 60
        y = drawY(10, i) + 190
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f1add1")
    t.end_fill()
    
    
    # 14
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-56, 120)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 60
        y = drawY(1, i) + 120
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-56, 170)
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 60
        y = drawY(1, i) + 170
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-64, 120)
    t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.end_fill()
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.pensize(2)
    for i in range(1, 6):
        t.goto(-56, 120 + 10 * i)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(-64, 120 + 10 * i)
        t.pd()
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-60, 170)
    t.pd()
    t.goto(-60, 180)
    t.pensize(1)
    #
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-56, 190)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#f1add1")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 60
        y = drawY(10, i) + 190
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f1add1")
    t.end_fill()
    # 15
    t.pu()
    t.goto(0, 130)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i)
        y = drawY(1, i) + 130
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(4, 180)
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(4, i)
        y = drawY(1, i) + 180
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-4, 130)
    t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.end_fill()
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.pensize(2)
    for i in range(1, 6):
        t.goto(4, 130 + 10 * i)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(-4, 130 + 10 * i)
        t.pd()
    t.pu()
    t.goto(0, 180)
    t.pd()
    t.goto(0, 190)
    t.pensize(1)
    #
    t.pu()
    t.goto(4, 200)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#f1add1")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i)
        y = drawY(10, i) + 200
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f1add1")
    t.end_fill()
    # 16
    t.pu()
    t.goto(30, 110)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 30
        y = drawY(1, i) + 110
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(34, 160)
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 30
        y = drawY(1, i) + 160
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(26, 110)
    t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.end_fill()
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.pensize(2)
    for i in range(1, 6):
        t.goto(34, 110 + 10 * i)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(26, 110 + 10 * i)
        t.pd()
    t.pu()
    t.goto(30, 160)
    t.pd()
    t.goto(30, 170)
    t.pensize(1)
    #
    t.pu()
    t.goto(34, 180)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#f1add1")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) + 30
        y = drawY(10, i) + 180
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f1add1")
    t.end_fill()
    # 17
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-30, 110)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 30
        y = drawY(1, i) + 110
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-26, 160)
    for i in range(540):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 30
        y = drawY(1, i) + 160
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.goto(-34, 110)
    t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9")
    t.end_fill()
    t.pencolor("white")
    t.pensize(2)
    for i in range(1, 6):
        t.goto(-26, 110 + 10 * i)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(-34, 110 + 10 * i)
        t.pd()
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-30, 160)
    t.pd()
    t.goto(-30, 170)
    t.pensize(1)
    #
    t.pu()
    t.goto(-26, 180)
    t.pd()
    t.pencolor("#f1add1")
    t.begin_fill()
    for i in range(360):
        x = drawX(4, i) - 30
        y = drawY(10, i) + 180
        t.goto(x, y)
    t.fillcolor("#f1add1")
    t.end_fill()
    ###随机
    color = ["#e28cb9", "#805a8c", "#eaa989", "#6e90b7", "#b8b68f", "#e174b5", "#cf737c", "#7c8782"]
    for i in range(80):
        t.pu()
        x = r.randint(-120, 120)
        y = r.randint(-25, 30)
        t.goto(x, y)
        t.pd()
        t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)])
    for i in range(40):
        t.pu()
        x = r.randint(-90, 90)
        y = r.randint(-35, 10)
        t.goto(x, y)
        t.pd()
        t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)])
    
    
    for i in range(40):
        t.pu()
        x = r.randint(-80, 80)
        y = r.randint(60, 90)
        t.goto(x, y)
        t.pd()
        t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)])
    for i in range(30):
        t.pu()
        x = r.randint(-50, 50)
        y = r.randint(45, 70)
        t.goto(x, y)
        t.pd()
        t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)])
    for i in range(50):
        t.pu()
        x = r.randint(-500, 500)
        y = r.randint(120, 300)
        t.goto(x, y)
        t.pd()
        t.dot(r.randint(3, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)])
    t.seth(90)
    t.pu()
    t.goto(0, 0)
    t.fd(210)
    t.left(90)
    t.fd(170)
    t.pd()
    t.write("Happy Birthday", font=("Curlz MT", 50))
    t.done()

##     ##

## 效果图： ##

![format_png 1][]

## 视频演示： ##

好像上传不了视频，所以就不演示了，有兴趣的话可以拿源码去跑一下

## 总结： ##

*  其实这里需要注意的是这份代码写的比较low，有许多重复的代码，没有用函数封装起来，一点都不优雅。希望大家可以在以后写代码的时候可以注意一下这一点。
 *  这里比较难的点，就是任意曲线的绘制。对于这个问题，我一开始也想了很多办法，也去网上查了很多资料，但是关于这方面的资料好像比较少。当时我在知乎等一些文章上发现一些大佬用本轮法进行图像的绘制，好像是轮子的个数越多，画出来的图像就越精准，其原理就是利用了高等数学下册的傅里叶变换。那时看了许多这种类型的文章，但是由于我们还没有学习傅里叶变换，也就看了一个寂寞。
 *  后来我在看turtle库时，发现了一个goto函数，也就是在画板上以正中心为原点，右边为x轴的正方向，上边为y轴的正方向。于是我就想到了用我们高中学过的参数方程来实现任意曲线的绘制。大家可以尝试着用一下参数方程来绘制自己想要的图形

![format_png 2][]

![format_png 3][]

\- End -

![format_png 4][]

好文章，我 在看❤

[format_png]: /images/20221124/eaf3e06257e64042b834b798aad5aaa3.png
[format_png 1]: /images/20221124/f79e867d53f3402c8dacc187a835a81d.png
[format_png 2]: /images/20221124/c1d721cddb02484b976149dc8b68a29d.png
[format_png 3]: /images/20221124/da29ced94ead46569202cc184943d6ef.png
[format_png 4]: /images/20221124/20b03534dcfe4e19aa4f90b2c6da3ea3.png