JUC多线程及高并发包（第2季）

淩亂°似流年 2022-11-28 00:52 132阅读 0赞

[课程连接][Link 1]

JUC多线程及高并发包 (尚硅谷互联网大厂高频重点面试题（第2季）)  
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百度  
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![在这里插入图片描述][2020091520322924.png_pic_center]

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# [尚硅谷-互联网大厂高频重点面试题 （第2季）JUC多线程及高并发][-_ _2_JUC] #

# JUC多线程及高并发 #

![在这里插入图片描述][20200922085021718.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 10]

# 1. 谈谈你对volatile的理解 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 11]

### 1.1. volatile是什么 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200915202421586.png_pic_center]  
**volatile实现原理**  
有volatile修饰的共享变量进行写操作的时候会多出Lock前缀的指令，该指令在多核处理器下会引发两件事情。

将当前处理器缓存行数据刷写到系统主内存。

这个刷写回主内存的操作会使其他CPU缓存的该共享变量内存地址的数据无效。

这样就保证了多个处理器的缓存是一致的，对应的处理器发现自己缓存行对应的内存地址被修改，就会将当前处理器缓存行设置无效状态，当处理器对这个数据进行修改操作的时候会重新从主内存中把数据读取到缓存里

### 1.2.JMM(java内存模型） ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 12]

JMM的特性:

1.  线程间可见性
2.  原子性（包含的代码一个整体，不可分割（不可以只执行一部分）)
3.  有序性 （禁止指令重排）

**volatile基本满足JMM的三个特性，除了原子性之外**

#### 1.2.1 JMM(java内存模型)之可见性 ####

**JMM内存模型的可见性，只要有一个线程改变数据后要写回到主内存中，其它的线程马上就会知道主内存中的数据已经改变了。  
及一个线程改变一个共享对象的内容，改变及时通知其他线程**

JMM:java内存模型  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 13]

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各个线程对主内存中的数据进行改变，不是直接修改，而是会把age=25拷贝到自己的工作内存中再进行改变  
t1改为37后要把新数据写回到主内存中，t2,t3不知道主内存中的值已经改变了  
所以我们需要有一个机制：JMM内存模型的可见性，只要有一个线程改变数据后要写回到主内存中，其它的线程马上就会知道主内存中的数据已经改变了

##### 2.2.1volatile可见性的代码验证说明 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][20200916074303409.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200916190652837.png_pic_center]

通过前面对JMM的介绍,我们知道  
各个线程对主内存中共享变量的操作都是各个线程各自拷贝到自己的工作内存操作后再写回主内存中的.  
这就可能存在一个线程AAA修改了共享变量X的值还未写回主内存中时 ,另外一个线程BBB又对内存中的一个共享变量X进行操作,但此时A线程工作内存中的共享比那里X对线程B来说并不不可见.这种工作内存与主内存同步延迟现象就造成了可见性问题.

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 16]

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运行结果

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 18]

3秒之后，a线程已经把number改了，但是main线程不知道，对main线程不可见，还在傻傻的等着，没有人通知我

现在修改程序，加了volatile

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 19]  
运行结果  
AAA线程 修改number后main线程立马知道  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 20]

##### 2.2.2. volatile不保证原子性 #####

原子性：不可分割、完整性，也就是某个线程正在做某个具体业务时，中间不可以被加塞或者被分割，需要整体完整，要么同时成功，要么同时失败。  
原子性对于线程来讲就是，A线程执行期间不能被其他线程打断，及A线程操作修改的的数据不能被B覆盖

![在这里插入图片描述][2020091619070939.png_pic_center]

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![在这里插入图片描述][20200916075826650.png_pic_center]

加了synchronuzed可以解决volatile不能保证原子性的问题，但针对number++这一简单操作不建议使用synchronized。  
可以把volatile看成低配版的synchronized  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 23]

###### volatile不保证原子性理论解释 ######

三个线程都拿到共享数据(number)，都在各自的工作内存中加1，写回到的时候，没有拿到最新的值就又写了，写覆盖

拷贝回自己的内存空间，每个人都拿到0，写回到主内存时，线程1写回到的时候被挂起了，线程2歘的写回了。然后线程1恢复后又写回了一遍，把原来的1给覆盖了。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 24]

n++在底层汇编是三条语句  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 25]

###### volatile不保证原子性问题解决:atomic ######

解决++ – 运算符使用volatile不保证原子性：使用atomic类  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 26]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 27]  
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![在这里插入图片描述][20200916193551398.png_pic_center]

##### 2.2.3.volatile指令重排 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 29]

1.  指令重排案例1

public void mySort(){
        int x=11;//语句1
        int y=12;//语句2
        x=x+5;//语句3
        y=x*x;//语句4
    }

重排的可能：  
1234  
2134  
1324  
问题:  
请问语句4 可以重排后变成第一条码?  
存在数据的依赖性 没办法排到第一个

1.  案例2

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 30]

1.  案例3  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 31]

答案是6

但是指令重排后，可能先执行flag=true 此时其他线程执行，if(flag)就满足条件，答案可能是5

所以在这些变量前面加上volitaile就可以禁止指令重排

*  指令重排小结  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 32]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 33]

### 1.3 哪些地方用到过volatile ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200916220546616.png_pic_center]

#### 单例模式在多线程环境下可能存在安全问题 ####

单例模式有六种  
掌握一种即可  
第一步 定义私有的实例变量  
第二步 构造方法  
第三步 新建，返回同一个变量  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 34]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 35]

多线程就发生了变化  
有可能每个线程都创建一个实例  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 36]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 37]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 38]

*  双端检索机制

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 40]

多线程的下的单例模式写法  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 41]

# 2.CAS #

![在这里插入图片描述][20200917211054545.png_pic_center]

\++ --操作的时候为为什么使用AtomicInteger， 不适应synchronized  
AtomicInteger为什么使用CAS不使用synchronized

synchronized保证原子一致性，降低了并发性  
AtomicInteger(CAS思想)保证原子一致性，没有降低并发性

CAS compare and set 比较并交换

**多个线程去操作主内存中的数据。  
一个叫做期望值、一个叫做更新值  
期望值与真实的值，则跟新新值否则不跟新**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 42]

## 2.2CAS的底层原理 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 43]  
期望值满足  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200916221846287.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 44]  
运行结果  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200916222052852.png_pic_center]

主内存中数据是5  
一个线程拷贝回去自己的工作内存，对它进行修改，然后写回到主内存的时候，会进行比较和交换，如果主内存中的值和期望值(拷贝的数据)一样的话，就将改变后的数据写回去；否则的话，就不进行写回。重新读取主物理内存中的再进行修改。

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 45]

CAS底层原理上

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 46]

*  **atomicInteger.getAndIncrement()**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 47]

*  **Unsafe类**
 *  ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 48]
 *

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 49]  
**unsafe.getAndIncrement的主要执行步骤如下：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 50]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 51]

底层反汇编  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 52]

CAS简单总结  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 53]

## 2.3CAS的确点 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200917210511563.png_pic_center]

1.  如果do while的情款，cpu开销大  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 54]
2.  只能保证一个共享变量的原子性  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 55]
3.  CAS引出的ABA的问题（CAS的主要缺点）

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 56]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 57]  
**t2号线程比t1号线程运行时间短，在他运行期间把原来的A改为B写会主内存，然后再从主内存取回B又改为A后又写回主内存。  
t1号线程回来后，期望的和原来的一样，以为没有改变过，于是写回主内存。  
但是中间有猫腻，2号线程已经把它改过了又改回去了。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 58]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 59]

#### 解决CAS带来的ABA问题 ####

原子引用  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 60]  
**通过时间戳的原子引用解决CAS导致的ABA问题**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200917223646434.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 61]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 62]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 63]

/** * Description: ABA问题的解决 * * @author veliger@163.com * @date 2019-04-12 21:30 **/
    public class ABADemo { 
        private static AtomicReference<Integer> atomicReference=new AtomicReference<>(100);
        private static AtomicStampedReference<Integer> stampedReference=new AtomicStampedReference<>(100,1);
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            System.out.println("===以下是ABA问题的产生===");
            new Thread(()->{ 
                atomicReference.compareAndSet(100,101);
                atomicReference.compareAndSet(101,100);
            },"t1").start();
    
            new Thread(()->{ 
                //先暂停1秒 保证完成ABA
                try {  TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); }
                System.out.println(atomicReference.compareAndSet(100, 2019)+"\t"+atomicReference.get());
            },"t2").start();
            try {  TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2); } catch (InterruptedException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); }
            System.out.println("===以下是ABA问题的解决===");
    
            new Thread(()->{ 
                int stamp = stampedReference.getStamp();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 第1次版本号"+stamp+"\t值是"+stampedReference.getReference());
                //暂停1秒钟t3线程
                try {  TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); }
    
                stampedReference.compareAndSet(100,101,stampedReference.getStamp(),stampedReference.getStamp()+1);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 第2次版本号"+stampedReference.getStamp()+"\t值是"+stampedReference.getReference());
                stampedReference.compareAndSet(101,100,stampedReference.getStamp(),stampedReference.getStamp()+1);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 第3次版本号"+stampedReference.getStamp()+"\t值是"+stampedReference.getReference());
            },"t3").start();
    
            new Thread(()->{ 
                int stamp = stampedReference.getStamp();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 第1次版本号"+stamp+"\t值是"+stampedReference.getReference());
                //保证线程3完成1次ABA
                try {  TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); } catch (InterruptedException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); }
                boolean result = stampedReference.compareAndSet(100, 2019, stamp, stamp + 1);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 修改成功否"+result+"\t最新版本号"+stampedReference.getStamp());
                System.out.println("最新的值\t"+stampedReference.getReference());
            },"t4").start();
        }

# 4.集合类(List/Set/Map)不安全之并发修改异常 #

**set、map和list在对多线程下的问题一样，以list为例讲解**

我们知道ArrayList是线程不安全的，请编码写一个不安全案例：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 64]  
**导致原因： 并发争抢修改导致**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 65]

解决方案1：  
使用vector 不建议  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 66]  
解决方法2：

Vector类可以解决这个问题，加锁一致性可以保证，但是并发性急剧下降。  
不许用Vector  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 67]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 68]

解决方法3：

写时复制  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200921192647979.png_pic_center]

list：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 69]

HashSet:![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 70]  
HashMap: 使用ConcurrentHashMap解决多线程问题

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 71]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 72]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 73]  
CopyOnWriteArrayList<>() 添加list内容  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 74]

**
     * Description: 集合类不安全的问题
     *
     * @author veliger@163.com
     * @date 2019-04-12 22:15
     **/
    public class ContainerNotSafeDemo { 
        /** * 笔记 * 写时复制 copyOnWrite 容器即写时复制的容器 往容器添加元素的时候,不直接往当前容器object[]添加,而是先将当前容器object[]进行 * copy 复制出一个新的object[] newElements 然后向新容器object[] newElements 里面添加元素 添加元素后, * 再将原容器的引用指向新的容器 setArray(newElements); * 这样的好处是可以对copyOnWrite容器进行并发的读,而不需要加锁 因为当前容器不会添加任何容器.所以copyOnwrite容器也是一种 * 读写分离的思想,读和写不同的容器. * public boolean add(E e) { * final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; * lock.lock(); * try { * Object[] elements = getArray(); * int len = elements.length; * Object[] newElements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, len + 1); * newElements[len] = e; * setArray(newElements); * return true; * } finally { * lock.unlock(); * } * } * @param args */
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            List<String> list= new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 1; i <=30; i++) { 
                new Thread(()->{ 
                    list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(1,8));
                    System.out.println(list);
                },String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
            /** * 1.故障现象 * java.util.ConcurrentModificationException * 2.导致原因 * 并发争抢修改导致 * 3.解决方案 * 3.1 new Vector<>() * 3.2 Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>()); * 3.3 new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>(); * * * 4.优化建议 */
        }

# 5.公平锁/非公平锁/可重入锁/递归锁/自旋锁 #

## synchronzized和ReenTrantLock的区别 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200925192842174.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200925192917178.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 75]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200925194609901.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 76]

## 锁绑定多个条件Condition ##

公平锁/非公平锁/可重入锁/递归锁/自旋锁 谈谈你的理解？请手写一个自旋锁。

## 5.1公平锁/非公平锁： ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 77]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 78]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 79]

## 5.2可重入锁(递归锁) ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 80]  
可重入锁(递归锁)概念  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200921221425918.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200921221657513.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 81]

### Synchronized是非公平可重入锁 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 82]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 83]

package cn.atguigu.interview.study.thread;
    class Phone{ 
        public synchronized void sendSms() throws Exception{ 
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\tsendSms");
            sendEmail();
        }
        public synchronized void sendEmail() throws Exception{ 
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\tsendEmail");
        }
    
    }
    /** * Description: * 可重入锁(也叫做递归锁) * 指的是同一先生外层函数获得锁后,内层敌对函数任然能获取该锁的代码 * 在同一线程外外层方法获取锁的时候,在进入内层方法会自动获取锁 * * 也就是说,线程可以进入任何一个它已经标记的锁所同步的代码块 * * @author veliger@163.com * @date 2019-04-12 23:36 **/
    public class ReenterLockDemo { 
        /** * t1 sendSms * t1 sendEmail * t2 sendSms * t2 sendEmail * @param args */
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            Phone phone = new Phone();
            new Thread(()->{ 
                try { 
                    phone.sendSms();
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            },"t1").start();
            new Thread(()->{ 
                try { 
                    phone.sendSms();
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            },"t2").start();
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 84]

### ReentrantLock是非公平可重入锁 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 85]

package cn.atguigu.interview.study.thread;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
    
    class Phone implements Runnable { 
        private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    
        @Override
        public void run() { 
            get();
        }
    
        private void get() { 
            lock.lock();
            try { 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\tget");
                set();
            } finally { 
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    
        private void set() { 
            lock.lock();
            try { 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\tset");
            } finally { 
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
    
    /** * Description: * 可重入锁(也叫做递归锁) * 指的是同一先生外层函数获得锁后,内层敌对函数任然能获取该锁的代码 * 在同一线程外外层方法获取锁的时候,在进入内层方法会自动获取锁 * <p> * 也就是说,线程可以进入任何一个它已经标记的锁所同步的代码块 * * @author veliger@163.com * @date 2019-04-12 23:36 **/
    public class ReenterLockDemo { 
        /** * Thread-0 get * Thread-0 set * Thread-1 get * Thread-1 set * * @param args */
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            Phone phone = new Phone();
            Thread t3 = new Thread(phone);
            Thread t4 = new Thread(phone);
            t3.start();
            t4.start();
    
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][20200921224514881.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 86]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 87]

## 5.3自旋锁 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 88]

### 手写自旋锁 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200922074410147.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 89]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 90]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 91]

A线程进来，发现期望的是空的，那么while的条件就是false，于是不进入循环，直接拿到了锁。  
B线程进来，发现期望的值不是空，那么while的条件就是true，于是它进入锁中，一直会循环的判断，直到期望的值是空了，才能推出循环，获得锁。

BB等5秒钟，等A解锁了，B才能解锁  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200922075619505.png_pic_center]

## 5.4读写锁 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 93]

不加读写锁

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 94]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 95]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 96]

加读写解锁

ReentrantLock可以避免写被打断，但同时读时也会独占，及ReentrantLock不能进行细粒度的划分，只能把全部进行封杀

使用ReentrantReadWritelock  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 97]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 98]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 99]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 100]

/** * 资源类 */
    class MyCaChe { 
        /** * 保证可见性 */
        private volatile Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        private ReentrantReadWriteLock reentrantReadWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
    
        /** * 写 * * @param key * @param value */
        public void put(String key, Object value) { 
            reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock().lock();
            try { 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t正在写入" + key);
                //模拟网络延时
                try { 
                    TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS.sleep(300);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                map.put(key, value);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t正在完成");
            } finally { 
                reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock().unlock();
            }
        }
    
        /** * 读 * * @param key */
        public void get(String key) { 
            reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().lock();
            try { 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t正在读取");
                //模拟网络延时
                try { 
                    TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS.sleep(300);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                Object result = map.get(key);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t正在完成" + result);
            } finally { 
                reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
            }
        }
    
        public void clearCaChe() { 
            map.clear();
        }
    
    }
    
    /** * Description: * 多个线程同时操作 一个资源类没有任何问题 所以为了满足并发量 * 读取共享资源应该可以同时进行 * 但是 * 如果有一个线程想去写共享资源来 就不应该有其他线程可以对资源进行读或写 * <p> * 小总结: * 读 读能共存 * 读 写不能共存 * 写 写不能共存 * 写操作 原子+独占 整个过程必须是一个完成的统一整体 中间不允许被分割 被打断 * * @author veliger@163.com * @date 2019-04-13 0:45 **/
    public class ReadWriteLockDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            MyCaChe myCaChe = new MyCaChe();
            for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { 
                final int temp = i;
                new Thread(() -> { 
                    myCaChe.put(temp + "", temp);
                }, String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { 
                int finalI = i;
                new Thread(() -> { 
                    myCaChe.get(finalI + "");
                }, String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
        }
    }

# 6.JUC类:CountDownLatch/CyclicBarrier/Semaphore使用过吗？ #

## 6.1 CountDownLatch ##

运行完子线程的倒计数  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 101]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 102]  
关门案例：  
所有同学都走了班长才能关门  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 103]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 104]

public class CountDownLatchDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
            closeDoor();
    
        }
    
       /** * 关门案例 * @throws InterruptedException */
        private static void closeDoor() throws InterruptedException { 
            CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(6);
            for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { 
                new Thread(() -> { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + "上完自习");
                    countDownLatch.countDown();
                }, String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
            countDownLatch.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t班长锁门离开教室");
        }
    
      
    }

枚举

/** * Description * 枚举的使用 * * @author veliger@163.com * @version 1.0 * @date 2019-04-13 10:14 **/
    public enum CountryEnum { 
        /** * */
        ONE(1, "齐"),
        /** * */
        TWO(2, "楚"),
        /** * */
        THREE(3, "燕"),
        /** * */
        FOUR(4, "赵"),
        /** * */
        FIVE(5, "魏"),
        /** * */
        SIX(6, "韩");
    
        CountryEnum(Integer code, String name) { 
            this.code = code;
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        @Getter
        private Integer code;
        @Getter
        private String name;
    
        public static CountryEnum forEach(int index) { 
            CountryEnum[] countryEnums = CountryEnum.values();
            for (CountryEnum countryEnum : countryEnums) { 
                if (index == countryEnum.getCode()) { 
                    return countryEnum;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

秦灭六国案例:

public class CountDownLatchDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
            sixCountry();
    
        }
    
        /** * 秦灭六国 一统华夏 * @throws InterruptedException */
        private static void sixCountry() throws InterruptedException { 
            CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(6);
            for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { 
                new Thread(() -> { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + "国,灭亡");
                    countDownLatch.countDown();
                }, CountryEnum.forEach(i).getName()).start();
            }
            countDownLatch.await();
            System.out.println("秦统一");
        }
    
      
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 105]

## 6.2 CyclicBarrier ##

CyclicBarrier 与CountDownLatch相反，CountDownLatch是减法，CyclicBarrier是加法  
循环屏障  
人都到齐了才能开会

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 106]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 107]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 108]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 109]

public class CyclicBarrierDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier=new CyclicBarrier(7,()->{ 
                System.out.println("召唤神龙");
            });
    
            for (int i = 1; i <=7; i++) { 
                final int temp = i;
                new Thread(()->{ 
                 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 收集到第"+ temp +"颗龙珠");
                    try { 
                        cyclicBarrier.await();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                },String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
        }
    }

## 6.3 Semaphore ##

Semaphore 是有加也有减  
占用共享资源减一，释放共享资源加一  
多对对多，多个线程抢多个共享资源  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 110]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 111]

**6辆汽车抢3个车位**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 112]

/** * Description * * @author veliger@163.com * @version 1.0 * @date 2019-04-13 11:08 **/
    public class SemaphoreDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            //模拟3个停车位
            Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
            //模拟6部汽车
            for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { 
                new Thread(() -> { 
                    try { 
                        //抢到资源
                        semaphore.acquire();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t抢到车位");
                        try { 
                            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 停3秒离开车位");
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally { 
                        //释放资源
                        semaphore.release();
                    }
                }, String.valueOf(i)).start();
            }
        }
    }

# 7 阻塞队列 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 113]

*  阻塞队列使用的地方：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200923222640965.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 114]

### 阻塞队列的优点 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 115]

### BlockingQueue ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200923213325788.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 116]

#### BlockingQueue常用api ####

![在这里插入图片描述][20200923221410936.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 117]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 118]

*  抛异常  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2020092322031327.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 119]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 120]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 121]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 122]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 123]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 124]

*  特殊值  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200923220335938.png_pic_center]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 125]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200923220803987.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 127]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 128]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 129]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 130]

*  阻塞  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2020092322035294.png_pic_center]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 131]  
    阻塞的意思是：我现在满了，就等着，直到有元素出去。因为我不能丢消息呀，就等着  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 132]  
    取不出来就堵着  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 133]
 *  超时  
    过时不候  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][202009232204078.png_pic_center]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 134]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 135]  
    只阻塞2秒钟。2秒钟之后就打印出false  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 136]

#### 阻塞队列之同步SynchronousQueue队列 ####

生产一个消费一个，不消费不生产，0库存  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 137]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 138]  
你不消费，你想到里面插第三个你插不进去  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200923222503451.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 139]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200923222525999.png_pic_center]

/** * Description * 阻塞队列SynchronousQueue演示 * * @author veliger@163.com * @version 1.0 * @date 2019-04-13 13:49 **/
    public class SynchronousQueueDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            BlockingQueue<String> blockingQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();
            new Thread(() -> { 
                try { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t put 1");
                    blockingQueue.put("1");
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t put 2");
                    blockingQueue.put("2");
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t put 3");
                    blockingQueue.put("3");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }, "AAA").start();
    
            new Thread(() -> { 
                try { 
                    try { 
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + blockingQueue.take());
                    try { 
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + blockingQueue.take());
                    try { 
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + blockingQueue.take());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }, "BBB").start();
        }
    }

#### 阻塞队列版：线程通信之生产者消费者 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 140]

class MyResource { 
        /** * 默认开启 进行生产消费的交互 */
        private volatile boolean flag = true;
        /** * 默认值是0 */
        private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger();
    
        private BlockingQueue<String> blockingQueue = null;
    
        public MyResource(BlockingQueue<String> blockingQueue) { 
            this.blockingQueue = blockingQueue;
            System.out.println(blockingQueue.getClass().getName());
        }
    
        public void myProd() throws Exception { 
            String data = null;
            boolean returnValue;
            while (flag) { 
                data = atomicInteger.incrementAndGet() + "";
                returnValue = blockingQueue.offer(data, 2L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if (returnValue) { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 插入队列数据" + data + "成功");
                } else { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 插入队列数据" + data + "失败");
                }
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 停止 表示 flag" + flag);
        }
    
        public void myConsumer() throws Exception { 
            String result = null;
            while (flag) { 
                result = blockingQueue.poll(2L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if(null==result||"".equalsIgnoreCase(result)){ 
                    flag=false;
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"超过2m没有取到 消费退出");
                    System.out.println();
                    System.out.println();
                    return;
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "消费队列" + result + "成功");
    
            }
        }
        public void stop() throws Exception{ 
            flag=false;
        }
    }
    
    /** * Description * volatile/CAS/atomicInteger/BlockQueue/线程交互/原子引用 * * @author veliger@163.com * @version 1.0 * @date 2019-04-13 14:02 **/
    public class ProdConsumerBlockQueueDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
            MyResource myResource = new MyResource(new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10));
            new Thread(()->{ 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t生产线程启动");
                try { 
                    myResource.myProd();
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            },"Prod").start();
    
            new Thread(()->{ 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t消费线程启动");
                try { 
                    myResource.myConsumer();
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            },"consumer").start();
            try {  TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5); } catch (InterruptedException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); }
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("时间到,停止活动");
            myResource.stop();
        }
    }

# 8.线程池 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 141]

## Callable接口实现线程 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 142]

因为我们不会等 Callable接口实现线程，给它充足的时间去计算  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 143]  
如果把get放到前面,mian线程就被堵住了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 144]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 145]

两个线程都开始做同一个任务，只会执行一次！即复用  
多个Thread公用一个futureTask只会执行一次run  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 146]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 147]

## 线程池的优势 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 148]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 149]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 150]

## 实现线程池方法 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 151]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 152]

### 一池固定线程 ###

newFixedThreadPool

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 153]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 154]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 155]

### 一池一线程 ###

newSingleFixedThreadPool  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 156]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 157]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 158]

### 一池多线程 ###

newCachedThreadPool  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 159]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 160]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 161]

## 线程池的底层 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 162]

## 线程池的七个参数 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 163]

![在这里插入图片描述][20200926162021158.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 164]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 165]

### int corePoolSize ###

正在工作的占用的线程数  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165009970.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165122792.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926170334663.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 166]

### int maximumPoolSize ###

**把线程池比作一个银行网点**

线程中能容下的最大线程数  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165540915.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165827613.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 167]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 168]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 169]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 170]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 171]

### long keepAliveTime, ###

### TimeUnit unit, ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165918601.png_pic_center]  
默认情况下:  
只有当线程池中的线程数大于corePoolSize时keepAliveTime才会起作用，直到线程中的线程数不大于corepoolSIze,

### BlockingQueue workQueue, ###

阻塞队列  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165627415.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926170311371.png_pic_center]

### ThreadFactory threadFactory, ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200926170212419.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200926170300910.png_pic_center]

### RejectedExecutionHandler handler ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200926165653324.png_pic_center]

## 线程池的底层原理 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 172]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 173]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 174]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 175]

# 9.线程池参数合理设置 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 176]

## 线程池的拒绝策略 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200927163258759.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 177]

![在这里插入图片描述][20200927164023641.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 178]

## 手写线程池+拒绝策略 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20200927164145784.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 179]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 180]

*  AbortPolicy策略  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927170213576.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 181]

*  CallerRunsPolicy  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927170431757.png_pic_center]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927170502538.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 182]

*  DiscardOldestPolicy  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927170906596.png_pic_center]
 *  DiscardPolicy  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927170941131.png_pic_center]

自定义线程池

public class MyThreadPoolDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            ExecutorService threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                    2,
                    5,
                    1L,
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                    new LinkedBlockingDeque<Runnable>(3),
                    Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
                    //默认抛出异常
                    //new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()
                    //回退调用者
                    //new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()
                    //处理不来的不处理
                    //new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy()
                    new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy()
            );
            //模拟10个用户来办理业务 没有用户就是来自外部的请求线程.
            try { 
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { 
                    threadPool.execute(() -> { 
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 办理业务");
                    });
                }
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally { 
                threadPool.shutdown();
            }
            //threadPoolInit();
        }
    
        private static void threadPoolInit() { 
            /** * 一池5个处理线程 */
            //ExecutorService threadPool= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
            /** * 一池一线程 */
            //ExecutorService threadPool= Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
            /** * 一池N线程 */
            ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
            //模拟10个用户来办理业务 没有用户就是来自外部的请求线程.
            try { 
                for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) { 
                    threadPool.execute(() -> { 
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 办理业务");
                    });
                    try { 
                        TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS.sleep(200);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally { 
                threadPool.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }

## 合理配置线程池参数 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 183]

### cpu密集型 ###

*  获取cpu的核数

System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());查看CPU核数

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 184]

### IO密集型 ###

情况一  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200927171814978.png_pic_center]

情况二  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 185]

# 10.死锁 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 186]

1.  什么是死锁  
    持有自己的锁还想得到别人的锁  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927172640775.png_pic_center]  
    线程 1 持有了 lockA，现在尝试获取 lockB，而线程 2 持有了 lockB，尝试获取 lockA。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 187]  
    **关于避免死锁，我在这里给你几点建议**：
2.  再次强调一下，避免滥用锁，程序里用的锁少，写出死锁 Bug的几率自然就低。
3.  对于同一把锁，加锁和解锁必须要放在同一个方法中，这样一次加锁对应一次解锁，代码清晰简单，便于分析问题。
4.  尽量避免在持有一把锁的情况下，去获取另外一把锁，就是要尽量避免同时持有多把锁。
5.  如果需要持有多把锁，一定要注意加解锁的顺序，解锁的顺序要和加锁顺序相反。比如，获取三把锁的顺序是 A、B、C，释放锁的顺序必须是 C、B、A。
6.  给你程序中所有的锁排一个顺序，在所有需要加锁的地方，按照同样的顺序加解锁。比如我刚刚举的那个例子，如果两个线程都按照先获取lockA 再获取 lockB 的顺序加锁，就不会产生死锁。

### 产生死锁的代码 ###

class HoldThread implements Runnable { 
    
        private String lockA;
        private String lockB;
    
        public HoldThread(String lockA, String lockB) { 
            this.lockA = lockA;
            this.lockB = lockB;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() { 
            synchronized (lockA) { 
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 自己持有锁" + lockA + "尝试获得" + lockB);
                try { 
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (lockB) { 
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t 自己持有锁" + lockB + "尝试获得" + lockA);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    /** * Description: * 死锁是指两个或者以上的进程在执行过程中, * 因争夺资源而造成的一种相互等待的现象, * 若无外力干涉那他们都将无法推进下去 * * @author veliger@163.com * @date 2019-04-14 0:05 **/
    public class DeadLockDemo { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            String lockA = "lockA";
            String lockB = "lockB";
            new Thread(new HoldThread(lockA, lockB), "threadAAA").start();
            new Thread(new HoldThread(lockB, lockA), "threadBBB").start();
        }
    }

*  排查死锁  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200927173746470.png_pic_center]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 188]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 189]

[尚硅谷-互联网大厂高频重点面试题 （第2季）JVM+GC解析][-_ _2_JVM_GC]

[Link 1]: http://www.gulixueyuan.com/search?q=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%82%E9%AB%98%E9%A2%91%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E9%9D%A2%E8%AF%95%E9%A2%98%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC2%E5%AD%A3%EF%BC%89
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[-_ _2_JUC]: https://blog.csdn.net/AthlenaA/article/details/94070651
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[-_ _2_JVM_GC]: https://blog.csdn.net/AthlenaA/article/details/94400090