SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ详细步骤

忘是亡心i 2022-11-16 01:35 227阅读 0赞

# SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ #

### 文章目录 ###

*  SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ
 *   *  一、整合生产者
     *  二、整合消费者

## 一、整合生产者 ##

1.  创建工程
2.  导入依赖
    
        
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </parent>
        
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
3.  编写application.yml配置文件
    
        spring:
          rabbitmq:
            host: 172.16.98.133 # ip
            port: 5672
            username: guest
            password: guest
            virtual-host: /
4.  创建配置类
    
        @Configuration
        public class RabbitMQConfig { 
        
            public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";
            public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";
        
            //1. 定义交换机（主题模式）
            @Bean("bootExchange")
            public Exchange bootExchange(){ 
                //通过链式编程指定交换机的参数
                return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
            }
        
            //2. 定义队列
            @Bean("bootQueue")
            public Queue bootQueue(){ 
                return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
            }
        
            //3. 将队列和交换机绑定
            @Bean
            public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){ 
                return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
                //此处不指定参数，如果需要指定参数则.and(Map map)
            }
        }
5.  定义引导类
    
        @SpringBootApplication
        public class ProducerApplication { 
        
            public static void main(String[] args) { 
                SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class);
            }
        }
6.  进行测试，生产者使用 `RabbitTemplate` 发送消息
    
        @SpringBootTest
        @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
        public class ProducerTest { 
        
            // 注入RabbitTemplate
            @Autowired
            private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
        
            @Test
            public void testSend(){ 
                // 参数1表示交换机名称
                // 参数2表示消息的routing key
                // 参数3表示发送的消息
                rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME, "boot.haha", "boot mq hello~~~");
            }
        }
    
    运行结果：
    
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80OTM0MzE5MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

## 二、整合消费者 ##

1.  创建工程
2.  导入依赖
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
        
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
3.  创建引导类
    
        @SpringBootApplication
        public class ConsumerSpringbootApplication { 
            public static void main(String[] args) { 
                SpringApplication.run(ConsumerSpringbootApplication.class, args);
            }
        }
4.  创建application.yml配置文件
    
        spring:
          rabbitmq:
            host: 172.16.98.133 #主机ip
            port: 5672 #端口
            username: guest
            password: guest
            virtual-host: /
5.  进行测试，消费者使用 `@RabbitListener` 接收消息
    
        @Component
        public class RabbimtMQListener { 
            //注解中指定要监听的队列的名称
            @RabbitListener(queues = "boot_queue")
            public void ListenerQueue(Message message){ 
                //参数是封装的获取的消息
                System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
            }
        }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80OTM0MzE5MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221022/5790e5c6c5734b7d8cb4bb49c60dffee.png