基于redis实现IP访问频次控制(超简单)

男娘i 2022-11-13 07:28 200阅读 0赞

# 一、背景描述 #

最近做了一个项目，通过调用短信网关实现手机号和验证码登录。但是如果有人恶意调用，会发出很多无谓的短信，而且会增加短信服务的费用。于是对接口做了请求频率限制 Rate limiting。例如限制一个用户1分钟内最多可以范围100次。这里简要的复现一下实现思路。

思路：以类名+调用方法名+ip作为key

1.  当用户调用接口的时候，先查询redis中是否有存在该key，获取该key所对应的value，比较value和frequency，如果小于frequency，则在原来的基础上value++；如果大于则返回访问频率过于频繁。
2.  如果不存在，则将该key存入redis，value为1,设置过期时间。

# 二、代码演示 #

## 1. pom文件 ##

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
        <artifactId>shedlock-provider-redis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
        <artifactId>shedlock-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
        <artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.2</version>
    </dependency>

## 2、redis的配置 ##

1.  配置文件

#redis
    redis.host=192.168.1.6
    redis.password=
    redis.port=6379
    redis.taskScheduler.poolSize=100
    redis.taskScheduler.defaultLockMaxDurationMinutes=10
    redis.default.timeout=10
    redisCache.expireTimeInMilliseconds=1200000

1.  配置类

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis;
    
    import io.lettuce.core.ClientOptions;
    import io.lettuce.core.resource.ClientResources;
    import io.lettuce.core.resource.DefaultClientResources;
    import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.LockProvider;
    import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.redis.spring.RedisLockProvider;
    import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.ScheduledLockConfiguration;
    import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder;
    import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisPassword;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisStandaloneConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettucePoolingClientConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    
    import java.time.Duration;
    
    @Configuration
    public class RedisConfig { 
        @Value("${redis.host}")
        private String redisHost;
    
        @Value("${redis.port}")
        private int redisPort;
    
        @Value("${redis.password}")
        private String password;
    
        @Value("${redis.taskScheduler.poolSize}")
        private int tasksPoolSize;
        @Value("${redis.taskScheduler.defaultLockMaxDurationMinutes}")
        private int lockMaxDuration;
    
        @Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown")
        ClientResources clientResources() { 
            return DefaultClientResources.create();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration() { 
            RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration =
                    new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(redisHost, redisPort);
            if (password != null && !password.trim().equals("")) { 
                RedisPassword redisPassword = RedisPassword.of(password);
                redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPassword(redisPassword);
            }
            return redisStandaloneConfiguration;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public ClientOptions clientOptions() { 
            return ClientOptions.builder()
                    .disconnectedBehavior(ClientOptions.DisconnectedBehavior.REJECT_COMMANDS)
                    .autoReconnect(true).build();
        }
    
        @Bean
        LettucePoolingClientConfiguration lettucePoolConfig(ClientOptions options, ClientResources dcr) { 
            return LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder().poolConfig(new GenericObjectPoolConfig())
                    .clientOptions(options).clientResources(dcr).build();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory(
                RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration,
                LettucePoolingClientConfiguration lettucePoolConfig) { 
            return new LettuceConnectionFactory(redisStandaloneConfiguration, lettucePoolConfig);
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate")
        @Primary
        public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(
                RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) { 
            RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
            template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
            return template;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public LockProvider lockProvider(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { 
            return new RedisLockProvider(connectionFactory);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public ScheduledLockConfiguration taskSchedulerLocker(LockProvider lockProvider) { 
            return ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder.withLockProvider(lockProvider)
                    .withPoolSize(tasksPoolSize).withDefaultLockAtMostFor(Duration.ofMinutes(lockMaxDuration))
                    .build();
        }
    }

## 3. redis操作工具类 ##

1.  接口类

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis;
    
    
    public interface DataCacheRepository<T> { 
    
      boolean add(String collection, String hkey, T object, Long timeout);
    
      boolean delete(String collection, String hkey);
    
      T find(String collection, String hkey, Class<T> tClass);
    
      Boolean isAvailable();
    
      /** * redis 加锁 * * @param key * @param second * @return */
      Boolean lock(String key, String value, Long second);
    
      Object getValue(String key);
    
      /** * redis 解锁 * * @param key * @return */
      void unLock(String key);
    
      void setIfAbsent(String key, long value, long ttl);
    
      void increment(String key);
    
      Long get(String key);
    
      void set(String key, long value, long ttl);
    
      void set(Object key, Object value, long ttl);
    
      Object getByKey(String key);
    
    
      void getLock(String key, String clientID) throws Exception;
    
      void releaseLock(String key, String clientID);
    }

1.  实现类

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis;
    
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
    import org.springframework.data.redis.support.atomic.RedisAtomicLong;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import java.time.Duration;
    import java.util.TimeZone;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    @Slf4j
    @Repository
    public class CacheRepository<T> implements com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis.DataCacheRepository<T> { 
    
      private static final ObjectMapper OBJECT_MAPPER;
      private static final TimeZone DEFAULT_TIMEZONE = TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC");
    
      static { 
        OBJECT_MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();
        OBJECT_MAPPER.setTimeZone(DEFAULT_TIMEZONE);
      }
    
      Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CacheRepository.class);
      @Autowired
      RedisTemplate template; // and we're in business
      @Value("${redis.default.timeout}00")
      Long defaultTimeOut;
    
      public boolean addPermentValue(String collection, String hkey, T object) { 
        try { 
          String jsonObject = OBJECT_MAPPER.writeValueAsString(object);
          template.opsForHash().put(collection, hkey, jsonObject);
          return true;
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          logger.error("Unable to add object of key {} to cache collection '{}': {}", hkey, collection,
              e.getMessage());
          return false;
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public boolean add(String collection, String hkey, T object, Long timeout) { 
    
        Long localTimeout;
        if (timeout == null) { 
          localTimeout = defaultTimeOut;
        } else { 
          localTimeout = timeout;
        }
        try { 
          String jsonObject = OBJECT_MAPPER.writeValueAsString(object);
          template.opsForHash().put(collection, hkey, jsonObject);
          template.expire(collection, localTimeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
          return true;
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          logger.error("Unable to add object of key {} to cache collection '{}': {}", hkey, collection,
              e.getMessage());
          return false;
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public boolean delete(String collection, String hkey) { 
        try { 
          template.opsForHash().delete(collection, hkey);
          return true;
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          logger.error("Unable to delete entry {} from cache collection '{}': {}", hkey, collection,
              e.getMessage());
          return false;
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public T find(String collection, String hkey, Class<T> tClass) { 
        try { 
          String jsonObj = String.valueOf(template.opsForHash().get(collection, hkey));
          return OBJECT_MAPPER.readValue(jsonObj, tClass);
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          if (e.getMessage() == null) { 
            logger.error("Entry '{}' does not exist in cache", hkey);
          } else { 
            logger.error("Unable to find entry '{}' in cache collection '{}': {}", hkey, collection,
                e.getMessage());
          }
          return null;
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public Boolean isAvailable() { 
        try { 
          return template.getConnectionFactory().getConnection().ping() != null;
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          logger.warn("Redis server is not available at the moment.");
        }
        return false;
      }
    
      @Override
      public Boolean lock(String key, String value, Long second) { 
        Boolean absent = template.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, value, second, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return absent;
      }
    
      @Override
      public Object getValue(String key) { 
        return template.opsForValue().get(key);
      }
    
      @Override
      public void unLock(String key) { 
        template.delete(key);
      }
    
      @Override
      public void increment(String key) { 
        RedisAtomicLong counter = new RedisAtomicLong(key, template.getConnectionFactory());
        counter.incrementAndGet();
      }
    
      @Override
      public void setIfAbsent(String key, long value, long ttl) { 
        ValueOperations<String, Object> ops = template.opsForValue();
        ops.setIfAbsent(key, value, Duration.ofSeconds(ttl));
      }
    
      @Override
      public Long get(String key) { 
        RedisAtomicLong counter = new RedisAtomicLong(key, template.getConnectionFactory());
        return counter.get();
      }
    
      @Override
      public void set(String key, long value, long ttl) { 
        RedisAtomicLong counter = new RedisAtomicLong(key, template.getConnectionFactory());
        counter.set(value);
        counter.expire(ttl, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
      }
    
      @Override
      public void set(Object key, Object value, long ttl) { 
        template.opsForValue().set(key, value, ttl, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
      }
    
      @Override
      public Object getByKey(String key) { 
        return template.opsForValue().get(key);
      }
    
      @Override
      public void getLock(String key, String clientID) throws Exception { 
        Boolean lock = false;
    
        // 重试3次,每间隔1秒重试1次
        for (int j = 0; j <= 3; j++) { 
          lock = lock(key, clientID, 10L);
          if (lock) { 
            log.info("获得锁》》》" + key);
            break;
          }
          try { 
            Thread.sleep(5000);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
            log.error("线程休眠异常", e);
            break;
          }
        }
        // 重试3次依然没有获取到锁，那么返回服务器繁忙,请稍后重试
        if (!lock) { 
          throw new Exception("服务繁忙");
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public void releaseLock(String key, String clientID) { 
        if (clientID.equals(getByKey(key))) { 
          unLock(key);
        }
      }
    }

## 4. 访问频次实现核心逻辑 ##

1.  注解

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.annotation;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface LimitedAccess {
      /**
       * 从第一次访问接口的时间到周期时间内，最大访问频率次，默认60次
       * @return
       */
      long frequency() default 60;
    
      /**
       * 周期时间,默认30分钟内
       * @return
       */
      long second() default 30*60;
    }

1.  切面类

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.annotation;
    
    import com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis.DataCacheRepository;
    import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
    import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
    import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    @Aspect
    @Component
    @Log4j2
    //@Order
    public class LimitedAccessAspect { 
    
        public static String LIMITED_ACCESS_ASPECT_COLLECTION = "LIMITED_ACCESS_ASPECT_COLLECTION";
    
        @Autowired
        private DataCacheRepository redisCacheService;
    
        @Pointcut("@annotation(limitedAccess)")
        public void limitAccessPointCut(LimitedAccess  limitedAccess) { 
            // 限制接口调用切面类
        }
    
        @Around(value = "limitAccessPointCut(limitedAccess)", argNames = "point,limitedAccess")
        public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint point, LimitedAccess limitedAccess) throws Throwable { 
            ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
            if (null != attributes) { 
                String className = point.getTarget().getClass().getName();
                String methodName = point.getSignature().getName();
                HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
                String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
                log.info("remoteAddr地址：" + remoteAddr);
                //String realRequestIps = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
    
    
                String key = LIMITED_ACCESS_ASPECT_COLLECTION + className + "." + methodName + "#" + remoteAddr;
                try { 
                    long limit = redisCacheService.get(key);
                    if (limit > 0) { 
                        // 时间段内超过访问频次上限 - 阻断
                        if (limit >= limitedAccess.frequency()) { 
                            log.info("接口调用过于频繁 {}", key);
    //
                            return "接口调用过于频繁！！！";
                        }
                        redisCacheService.increment(key);
                    } else { 
                        redisCacheService.set(key, 1, limitedAccess.second());
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    log.debug(e.getStackTrace());
                }
            }
            return point.proceed();
        }
    }

# 三、调用方法 #

package com.example.redis_demo_limit.controller;
    
    import com.example.redis_demo_limit.annotation.LimitedAccess;
    import com.example.redis_demo_limit.redis.DataCacheRepository;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/redis")
    public class RedisController { 
    
        @Resource
        private DataCacheRepository dataCacheRepository;
    
        //这个设置为1秒1次，方便测试
        @LimitedAccess(frequency = 1,second = 1)
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add(String str){ 
            dataCacheRepository.set("str","add success",200L);
            return "success";
        }
    }

# 四、测试结果 #

![测试][89083af5b1a13f1dc34e270d3e437767.png]

2020-09-22 00:24:21.786  INFO 30552 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] c.e.r.annotation.LimitedAccessAspect     : remoteAddr地址：0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
    2020-09-22 00:24:22.417  INFO 30552 --- [nio-8080-exec-9] c.e.r.annotation.LimitedAccessAspect     : remoteAddr地址：0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
    2020-09-22 00:24:22.419  INFO 30552 --- [nio-8080-exec-9] c.e.r.annotation.LimitedAccessAspect     : 接口调用过于频繁 LIMITED_ACCESS_ASPECT_COLLECTIONcom.example.redis_demo_limit.controller.RedisController.add#0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1

从测试结果来看，它第二次访问的时候，直接返回了接口访问过于频繁。所以实现了接口访问频次的控制。

[89083af5b1a13f1dc34e270d3e437767.png]: /images/20221022/75d5833148984a80b4ec07789c162011.png