Spring源码设计模式：模板方法(Method Template)之下篇

港控/mmm° 2022-11-13 05:24 210阅读 0赞

**目录**

模板模式

JmsTemplate

TransactionTemplate

JndiTemplate

参考文章

--------------------

上篇：[Spring源码设计模式：模板方法(Method Template)之上篇][Spring_Method Template]

# 模板模式 #

在模板模式（Template Pattern）中，一个抽象类公开定义了执行它的方法的方式/模板。它的子类可以按需要重写方法实现，但调用将以抽象类中定义的方式进行。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。

在spring源码中使用到模板模式的有以下几类（**在Spring中大多数模板方式都是行为接口的定义：\*Callback**）：

*  **RestTemplate  Http Restful接口请求模板**
 *  **AsyncRestTemplate 异步Http Restful接口请求模板**
 *  **JdbcTemplate JDBC关系型数据库操作模板**
 *  **HibernateTemplate Hibernate关系型数据库操作模板**
 *  **JmsTemplate 消息队列模板**
 *  **TransactionTemplate 编程式事务模板**

**特别说明：RedisTemplate Redis缓存数据操作模板（ReidsTemplate属于 spring-boot-starter-data-redis）**

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
 </dependency>

# JmsTemplate #

[JmsTemplate][]简化同步JMS访问代码的Helper类。如果要使用动态目标创建，则必须使用“ pubSubDomain”属性指定要创建的JMS目标的类型。对于其他操作，这不是必需的。点对点（队列）是默认域。

JMS会话的默认设置为“未交易”和“自动确认”。根据Java EE规范的定义，当在活动事务中创建JMS会话时，无论JTA事务还是Spring管理的事务，都将忽略事务和确认参数。要为本机JMS使用配置它们，请为bean属性“ sessionTransacted”和“ sessionAcknowledgeMode”指定适当的值。

此模板分别使用DynamicDestinationResolver和SimpleMessageConverter作为解析目标名称或转换消息的默认策略。这些默认值可以通过“ destinationResolver”和“ messageConverter” bean属性来覆盖。

*注意：与该模板一起使用的ConnectionFactory应该返回池化的Connections（或单个共享Connection）以及池化的Sessions和MessageProducers。否则，临时JMS操作的性能将受到影响。最简单的选择是将Spring提供的SingleConnectionFactory用作目标ConnectionFactory的装饰器，以线程安全的方式重用单个JMS Connection。对于通过此模板发送消息的目的而言，这通常通常已经足够了。在Java EE环境中，请确保通过JNDI从应用程序的环境命名上下文中获取ConnectionFactory。应用程序服务器通常在此处公开池化的，具有事务意识的工厂。*

类所在位置：

package org.springframework.jms.core;
 
 import javax.jms.Connection;
 import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
 import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
 import javax.jms.Destination;
 import javax.jms.JMSException;
 import javax.jms.Message;
 import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
 import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
 import javax.jms.Queue;
 import javax.jms.QueueBrowser;
 import javax.jms.Session;
 import javax.jms.TemporaryQueue;
 
 import org.springframework.jms.JmsException;
 import org.springframework.jms.connection.ConnectionFactoryUtils;
 import org.springframework.jms.connection.JmsResourceHolder;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.JmsUtils;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.QosSettings;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.destination.JmsDestinationAccessor;
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 
 /**
 * Helper class that simplifies synchronous JMS access code.
 *
 * If you want to use dynamic destination creation, you must specify
 * the type of JMS destination to create, using the "pubSubDomain" property.
 * For other operations, this is not necessary. Point-to-Point (Queues) is the default
 * domain.
 *
 * Default settings for JMS Sessions are "not transacted" and "auto-acknowledge".
 * As defined by the Java EE specification, the transaction and acknowledgement
 * parameters are ignored when a JMS Session is created inside an active
 * transaction, no matter if a JTA transaction or a Spring-managed transaction.
 * To configure them for native JMS usage, specify appropriate values for
 * the "sessionTransacted" and "sessionAcknowledgeMode" bean properties.
 *
 * This template uses a
 * {@link org.springframework.jms.support.destination.DynamicDestinationResolver}
 * and a {@link org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter}
 * as default strategies for resolving a destination name or converting a message,
 * respectively. These defaults can be overridden through the "destinationResolver"
 * and "messageConverter" bean properties.
 *
 * NOTE: The {@code ConnectionFactory} used with this template should
 * return pooled Connections (or a single shared Connection) as well as pooled
 * Sessions and MessageProducers. Otherwise, performance of ad-hoc JMS operations
 * is going to suffer. The simplest option is to use the Spring-provided
 * {@link org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory} as a
 * decorator for your target {@code ConnectionFactory}, reusing a single
 * JMS Connection in a thread-safe fashion; this is often good enough for the
 * purpose of sending messages via this template. In a Java EE environment,
 * make sure that the {@code ConnectionFactory} is obtained from the
 * application's environment naming context via JNDI; application servers
 * typically expose pooled, transaction-aware factories there.
 *
 * @author Mark Pollack
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 1.1
 * @see #setConnectionFactory
 * @see #setPubSubDomain
 * @see #setDestinationResolver
 * @see #setMessageConverter
 * @see javax.jms.MessageProducer
 * @see javax.jms.MessageConsumer
 */
 public class JmsTemplate extends JmsDestinationAccessor implements JmsOperations {

核心方法：

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	// JmsOperations execute methods
 	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(SessionCallback<T> action) throws JmsException {
 		return execute(action, false);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Execute the action specified by the given action object within a
 	 * JMS Session. Generalized version of {@code execute(SessionCallback)},
 	 * allowing the JMS Connection to be started on the fly.
 	 * Use {@code execute(SessionCallback)} for the general case.
 	 * Starting the JMS Connection is just necessary for receiving messages,
 	 * which is preferably achieved through the {@code receive} methods.
 	 * @param action callback object that exposes the Session
 	 * @param startConnection whether to start the Connection
 	 * @return the result object from working with the Session
 	 * @throws JmsException if there is any problem
 	 * @see #execute(SessionCallback)
 	 * @see #receive
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(SessionCallback<T> action, boolean startConnection) throws JmsException {
 		Assert.notNull(action, "Callback object must not be null");
 		Connection conToClose = null;
 		Session sessionToClose = null;
 		try {
 			Session sessionToUse = ConnectionFactoryUtils.doGetTransactionalSession(
 					obtainConnectionFactory(), this.transactionalResourceFactory, startConnection);
 			if (sessionToUse == null) {
 				conToClose = createConnection();
 				sessionToClose = createSession(conToClose);
 				if (startConnection) {
 					conToClose.start();
 				}
 				sessionToUse = sessionToClose;
 			}
 			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
 				logger.debug("Executing callback on JMS Session: " + sessionToUse);
 			}
 			return action.doInJms(sessionToUse);
 		}
 		catch (JMSException ex) {
 			throw convertJmsAccessException(ex);
 		}
 		finally {
 			JmsUtils.closeSession(sessionToClose);
 			ConnectionFactoryUtils.releaseConnection(conToClose, getConnectionFactory(), startConnection);
 		}
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(ProducerCallback<T> action) throws JmsException {
 		String defaultDestinationName = getDefaultDestinationName();
 		if (defaultDestinationName != null) {
 			return execute(defaultDestinationName, action);
 		}
 		else {
 			return execute(getDefaultDestination(), action);
 		}
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(final @Nullable Destination destination, final ProducerCallback<T> action) throws JmsException {
 		Assert.notNull(action, "Callback object must not be null");
 		return execute(session -> {
 			MessageProducer producer = createProducer(session, destination);
 			try {
 				return action.doInJms(session, producer);
 			}
 			finally {
 				JmsUtils.closeMessageProducer(producer);
 			}
 		}, false);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(final String destinationName, final ProducerCallback<T> action) throws JmsException {
 		Assert.notNull(action, "Callback object must not be null");
 		return execute(session -> {
 			Destination destination = resolveDestinationName(session, destinationName);
 			MessageProducer producer = createProducer(session, destination);
 			try {
 				return action.doInJms(session, producer);
 			}
 			finally {
 				JmsUtils.closeMessageProducer(producer);
 			}
 		}, false);
 	}

SessionCallback,BrowserCallback和ProducerCallback ：

package org.springframework.jms.core;
 
 import javax.jms.JMSException;
 import javax.jms.Session;
 
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
 * Callback for executing any number of operations on a provided {@link Session}.
 *
 * To be used with the {@link JmsTemplate#execute(SessionCallback)} method,
 * often implemented as an anonymous inner class or as a lambda expression.
 *
 * @author Mark Pollack
 * @since 1.1
 * @param <T> the result type
 * @see JmsTemplate#execute(SessionCallback)
 */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface SessionCallback<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Execute any number of operations against the supplied JMS {@link Session},
 	 * possibly returning a result.
 	 * @param session the JMS {@code Session}
 	 * @return a result object from working with the {@code Session}, if any
 	 * (or {@code null} if none)
 	 * @throws javax.jms.JMSException if thrown by JMS API methods
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	T doInJms(Session session) throws JMSException;
 
 }
 
 package org.springframework.jms.core;
 
 import javax.jms.JMSException;
 import javax.jms.QueueBrowser;
 import javax.jms.Session;
 
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
 * Callback for browsing the messages in a JMS queue.
 *
 * To be used with {@link JmsTemplate}'s callback methods that take a
 * {@link BrowserCallback} argument, often implemented as an anonymous
 * inner class or as a lambda expression.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 2.5.1
 * @param <T> the result type
 * @see JmsTemplate#browse(BrowserCallback)
 * @see JmsTemplate#browseSelected(String, BrowserCallback)
 */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface BrowserCallback<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Perform operations on the given {@link javax.jms.Session} and
 	 * {@link javax.jms.QueueBrowser}.
 	 * @param session the JMS {@code Session} object to use
 	 * @param browser the JMS {@code QueueBrowser} object to use
 	 * @return a result object from working with the {@code Session}, if any
 	 * (or {@code null} if none)
 	 * @throws javax.jms.JMSException if thrown by JMS API methods
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	T doInJms(Session session, QueueBrowser browser) throws JMSException;
 
 }
 
 package org.springframework.jms.core;
 
 import javax.jms.JMSException;
 import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
 import javax.jms.Session;
 
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
 * Callback for sending a message to a JMS destination.
 *
 * To be used with {@link JmsTemplate}'s callback methods that take a
 * {@link ProducerCallback} argument, often implemented as an anonymous
 * inner class or as a lambda expression.
 *
 * The typical implementation will perform multiple operations on the
 * supplied JMS {@link Session} and {@link MessageProducer}.
 *
 * @author Mark Pollack
 * @since 1.1
 * @param <T> the result type
 * @see JmsTemplate#execute(ProducerCallback)
 * @see JmsTemplate#execute(javax.jms.Destination, ProducerCallback)
 * @see JmsTemplate#execute(String, ProducerCallback)
 */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface ProducerCallback<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Perform operations on the given {@link Session} and {@link MessageProducer}.
 	 * The message producer is not associated with any destination unless
 	 * when specified in the JmsTemplate call.
 	 * @param session the JMS {@code Session} object to use
 	 * @param producer the JMS {@code MessageProducer} object to use
 	 * @return a result object from working with the {@code Session}, if any
 	 * (or {@code null} if none)
 	 * @throws javax.jms.JMSException if thrown by JMS API methods
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	T doInJms(Session session, MessageProducer producer) throws JMSException;
 
 }

JMS测试示例：

package org.springframework.jms.core;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import javax.jms.Connection;
 import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
 import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
 import javax.jms.Destination;
 import javax.jms.JMSException;
 import javax.jms.Message;
 import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
 import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
 import javax.jms.Queue;
 import javax.jms.Session;
 import javax.jms.TemporaryQueue;
 import javax.jms.TextMessage;
 import javax.naming.Context;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.jms.InvalidClientIDException;
 import org.springframework.jms.InvalidDestinationException;
 import org.springframework.jms.InvalidSelectorException;
 import org.springframework.jms.JmsException;
 import org.springframework.jms.JmsSecurityException;
 import org.springframework.jms.MessageEOFException;
 import org.springframework.jms.MessageFormatException;
 import org.springframework.jms.MessageNotReadableException;
 import org.springframework.jms.MessageNotWriteableException;
 import org.springframework.jms.ResourceAllocationException;
 import org.springframework.jms.TransactionInProgressException;
 import org.springframework.jms.TransactionRolledBackException;
 import org.springframework.jms.UncategorizedJmsException;
 import org.springframework.jms.connection.ConnectionFactoryUtils;
 import org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory;
 import org.springframework.jms.connection.TransactionAwareConnectionFactoryProxy;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.JmsUtils;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.QosSettings;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter;
 import org.springframework.jms.support.destination.JndiDestinationResolver;
 import org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate;
 import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronization;
 import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
 import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
 import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.willThrow;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
 /**
 * Unit tests for the JmsTemplate implemented using JMS 1.1.
 *
 * @author Andre Biryukov
 * @author Mark Pollack
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 */
 class JmsTemplateTests {
 
 	private Context jndiContext;
 
 	private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
 
 	protected Connection connection;
 
 	private Session session;
 
 	private Destination queue;
 
 	private QosSettings qosSettings = new QosSettings(DeliveryMode.PERSISTENT, 9, 10000);
 
 
 	/**
 	 * Create the mock objects for testing.
 	 */
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setupMocks() throws Exception {
 		this.jndiContext = mock(Context.class);
 		this.connectionFactory = mock(ConnectionFactory.class);
 		this.connection = mock(Connection.class);
 		this.session = mock(Session.class);
 		this.queue = mock(Queue.class);
 
 		given(this.connectionFactory.createConnection()).willReturn(this.connection);
 		given(this.connection.createSession(useTransactedTemplate(), Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE)).willReturn(this.session);
 		given(this.session.getTransacted()).willReturn(useTransactedSession());
 		given(this.jndiContext.lookup("testDestination")).willReturn(this.queue);
 	}
 
 	private JmsTemplate createTemplate() {
 		JmsTemplate template = new JmsTemplate();
 		JndiDestinationResolver destMan = new JndiDestinationResolver();
 		destMan.setJndiTemplate(new JndiTemplate() {
 			@Override
 			protected Context createInitialContext() {
 				return JmsTemplateTests.this.jndiContext;
 			}
 		});
 		template.setDestinationResolver(destMan);
 		template.setSessionTransacted(useTransactedTemplate());
 		return template;
 	}
 
 	protected boolean useTransactedSession() {
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	protected boolean useTransactedTemplate() {
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	protected Session getLocalSession() {
 		return this.session;
 	}
 
 
 	@Test
 	void testExceptionStackTrace() {
 		JMSException jmsEx = new JMSException("could not connect");
 		Exception innerEx = new Exception("host not found");
 		jmsEx.setLinkedException(innerEx);
 		JmsException springJmsEx = JmsUtils.convertJmsAccessException(jmsEx);
 		StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
 		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(sw);
 		springJmsEx.printStackTrace(out);
 		String trace = sw.toString();
 		assertThat(trace.indexOf("host not found") > 0).as("inner jms exception not found").isTrue();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testProducerCallback() throws Exception {
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		given(this.session.createProducer(null)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(messageProducer.getPriority()).willReturn(4);
 
 		template.execute((ProducerCallback<Void>) (session1, producer) -> {
 			session1.getTransacted();
 			producer.getPriority();
 			return null;
 		});
 
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testProducerCallbackWithIdAndTimestampDisabled() throws Exception {
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 		template.setMessageIdEnabled(false);
 		template.setMessageTimestampEnabled(false);
 
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		given(this.session.createProducer(null)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(messageProducer.getPriority()).willReturn(4);
 
 		template.execute((ProducerCallback<Void>) (session1, producer) -> {
 			session1.getTransacted();
 			producer.getPriority();
 			return null;
 		});
 
 		verify(messageProducer).setDisableMessageID(true);
 		verify(messageProducer).setDisableMessageTimestamp(true);
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test the method execute(SessionCallback action).
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSessionCallback() throws Exception {
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 
 		template.execute(new SessionCallback<Void>() {
 			@Override
 			public Void doInJms(Session session) throws JMSException {
 				session.getTransacted();
 				return null;
 			}
 		});
 
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testSessionCallbackWithinSynchronizedTransaction() throws Exception {
 		SingleConnectionFactory scf = new SingleConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(scf);
 
 		TransactionSynchronizationManager.initSynchronization();
 		try {
 			template.execute(new SessionCallback<Void>() {
 				@Override
 				public Void doInJms(Session session) throws JMSException {
 					session.getTransacted();
 					return null;
 				}
 			});
 			template.execute(new SessionCallback<Void>() {
 				@Override
 				public Void doInJms(Session session) throws JMSException {
 					session.getTransacted();
 					return null;
 				}
 			});
 
 			assertThat(ConnectionFactoryUtils.getTransactionalSession(scf, null, false)).isSameAs(this.session);
 			assertThat(ConnectionFactoryUtils.getTransactionalSession(scf, scf.createConnection(), false)).isSameAs(this.session);
 
 			TransactionAwareConnectionFactoryProxy tacf = new TransactionAwareConnectionFactoryProxy(scf);
 			Connection tac = tacf.createConnection();
 			Session tas = tac.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
 			tas.getTransacted();
 			tas.close();
 			tac.close();
 
 			List<TransactionSynchronization> synchs = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getSynchronizations();
 			assertThat(synchs.size()).isEqualTo(1);
 			TransactionSynchronization synch = synchs.get(0);
 			synch.beforeCommit(false);
 			synch.beforeCompletion();
 			synch.afterCommit();
 			synch.afterCompletion(TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
 		}
 		finally {
 			TransactionSynchronizationManager.clearSynchronization();
 			scf.destroy();
 		}
 		assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResourceMap().isEmpty()).isTrue();
 
 		verify(this.connection).start();
 		if (useTransactedTemplate()) {
 			verify(this.session).commit();
 		}
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).stop();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to a destination using the method
 	 * send(Destination d, MessageCreator messageCreator)
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(true, false, true, false);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to a destination using the method
 	 * send(String d, MessageCreator messageCreator)
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(false, false, true, false);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to a destination using the method
 	 * send(Destination d, MessageCreator messageCreator) using QOS parameters.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDestinationWithQOS() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(true, false, false, true);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to a destination using the method
 	 * send(String d, MessageCreator messageCreator) using QOS parameters.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDestinationNameWithQOS() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(false, false, false, true);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to the default destination.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDefaultDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(true, true, true, true);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to the default destination name.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDefaultDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(false, true, true, true);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to the default destination using explicit QOS parameters.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDefaultDestinationWithQOS() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(true, true, false, false);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Test sending to the default destination name using explicit QOS parameters.
 	 */
 	@Test
 	void testSendDefaultDestinationNameWithQOS() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendDestination(false, true, false, false);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Common method for testing a send method that uses the MessageCreator
 	 * callback but with different QOS options.
 	 * @param ignoreQOS test using default QOS options.
 	 */
 	private void doTestSendDestination(
 			boolean explicitDestination, boolean useDefaultDestination,
 			boolean ignoreQOS, boolean disableIdAndTimestamp) throws Exception {
 
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 
 		String destinationName = "testDestination";
 
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			if (explicitDestination) {
 				template.setDefaultDestination(this.queue);
 			}
 			else {
 				template.setDefaultDestinationName(destinationName);
 			}
 		}
 		if (disableIdAndTimestamp) {
 			template.setMessageIdEnabled(false);
 			template.setMessageTimestampEnabled(false);
 		}
 
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		TextMessage textMessage = mock(TextMessage.class);
 
 		given(this.session.createProducer(this.queue)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(this.session.createTextMessage("just testing")).willReturn(textMessage);
 
 		if (!ignoreQOS) {
 			template.setQosSettings(this.qosSettings);
 		}
 
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			template.send(new MessageCreator() {
 				@Override
 				public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
 					return session.createTextMessage("just testing");
 				}
 			});
 		}
 		else {
 			if (explicitDestination) {
 				template.send(this.queue, new MessageCreator() {
 					@Override
 					public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
 						return session.createTextMessage("just testing");
 					}
 				});
 			}
 			else {
 				template.send(destinationName, new MessageCreator() {
 					@Override
 					public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
 						return session.createTextMessage("just testing");
 					}
 				});
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (useTransactedTemplate()) {
 			verify(this.session).commit();
 		}
 
 		if (disableIdAndTimestamp) {
 			verify(messageProducer).setDisableMessageID(true);
 			verify(messageProducer).setDisableMessageTimestamp(true);
 		}
 
 		if (ignoreQOS) {
 			verify(messageProducer).send(textMessage);
 		}
 		else {
 			verify(messageProducer).send(textMessage, this.qosSettings.getDeliveryMode(),
 					this.qosSettings.getPriority(), this.qosSettings.getTimeToLive());
 		}
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testConverter() throws Exception {
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 		template.setMessageConverter(new SimpleMessageConverter());
 		String s = "Hello world";
 
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		TextMessage textMessage = mock(TextMessage.class);
 
 		given(this.session.createProducer(this.queue)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(this.session.createTextMessage("Hello world")).willReturn(textMessage);
 
 		template.convertAndSend(this.queue, s);
 
 		verify(messageProducer).send(textMessage);
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 		if (useTransactedTemplate()) {
 			verify(this.session).commit();
 		}
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDefaultDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, true, false, false, false, false, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDefaultDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, true, false, false, false, false, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, false, false, false, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestinationWithClientAcknowledge() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, false, true, false, false, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, false, false, false, false, true, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDefaultDestinationWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, true, false, false, true, true, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDefaultDestinationNameWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, true, false, false, true, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_NO_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestinationWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, false, false, true, false, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestinationWithClientAcknowledgeWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, false, true, true, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveDestinationNameWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, false, false, false, true, false, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_NO_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDefaultDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, true, true, false, false, false, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDefaultDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, true, true, false, false, false, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, false, true, false, false, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, true, false, false, true, 1000);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDefaultDestinationWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, true, true, false, true, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_NO_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDestinationNameWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(false, false, true, false, true, true, JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testReceiveAndConvertDestinationWithSelector() throws Exception {
 		doTestReceive(true, false, true, false, true, false, 1000);
 	}
 
 	private void doTestReceive(
 			boolean explicitDestination, boolean useDefaultDestination, boolean testConverter,
 			boolean clientAcknowledge, boolean messageSelector, boolean noLocal, long timeout)
 			throws Exception {
 
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 
 		String destinationName = "testDestination";
 
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			if (explicitDestination) {
 				template.setDefaultDestination(this.queue);
 			}
 			else {
 				template.setDefaultDestinationName(destinationName);
 			}
 		}
 		if (noLocal) {
 			template.setPubSubNoLocal(true);
 		}
 		template.setReceiveTimeout(timeout);
 
 		MessageConsumer messageConsumer = mock(MessageConsumer.class);
 
 		String selectorString = "selector";
 		given(this.session.createConsumer(this.queue,
 				messageSelector ? selectorString : null)).willReturn(messageConsumer);
 
 		if (!useTransactedTemplate() && !useTransactedSession()) {
 			given(this.session.getAcknowledgeMode()).willReturn(
 					clientAcknowledge ? Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE
 							: Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
 		}
 
 		TextMessage textMessage = mock(TextMessage.class);
 
 		if (testConverter) {
 			given(textMessage.getText()).willReturn("Hello World!");
 		}
 
 		if (timeout == JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_NO_WAIT) {
 			given(messageConsumer.receiveNoWait()).willReturn(textMessage);
 		}
 		else if (timeout == JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT) {
 			given(messageConsumer.receive()).willReturn(textMessage);
 		}
 		else {
 			given(messageConsumer.receive(timeout)).willReturn(textMessage);
 		}
 
 		Message message = null;
 		String textFromMessage = null;
 
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			if (testConverter) {
 				textFromMessage = (String)
 						(messageSelector ? template.receiveSelectedAndConvert(selectorString) :
 						template.receiveAndConvert());
 			}
 			else {
 				message = (messageSelector ? template.receiveSelected(selectorString) : template.receive());
 			}
 		}
 		else if (explicitDestination) {
 			if (testConverter) {
 				textFromMessage = (String)
 						(messageSelector ? template.receiveSelectedAndConvert(this.queue, selectorString) :
 						template.receiveAndConvert(this.queue));
 			}
 			else {
 				message = (messageSelector ? template.receiveSelected(this.queue, selectorString) :
 						template.receive(this.queue));
 			}
 		}
 		else {
 			if (testConverter) {
 				textFromMessage = (String)
 						(messageSelector ? template.receiveSelectedAndConvert(destinationName, selectorString) :
 						template.receiveAndConvert(destinationName));
 			}
 			else {
 				message = (messageSelector ? template.receiveSelected(destinationName, selectorString) :
 						template.receive(destinationName));
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (testConverter) {
 			assertThat(textFromMessage).as("Message text should be equal").isEqualTo("Hello World!");
 		}
 		else {
 			assertThat(textMessage).as("Messages should refer to the same object").isEqualTo(message);
 		}
 
 		verify(this.connection).start();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 		if (useTransactedTemplate()) {
 			verify(this.session).commit();
 		}
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		if (!useTransactedSession() && clientAcknowledge) {
 			verify(textMessage).acknowledge();
 		}
 		verify(messageConsumer).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testSendAndReceiveDefaultDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendAndReceive(true, true, 1000L);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testSendAndReceiveDefaultDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendAndReceive(false, true, 1000L);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testSendAndReceiveDestination() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendAndReceive(true, false, 1000L);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testSendAndReceiveDestinationName() throws Exception {
 		doTestSendAndReceive(false, false, 1000L);
 	}
 
 	private void doTestSendAndReceive(boolean explicitDestination, boolean useDefaultDestination, long timeout)
 			throws Exception {
 
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 
 		String destinationName = "testDestination";
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			if (explicitDestination) {
 				template.setDefaultDestination(this.queue);
 			}
 			else {
 				template.setDefaultDestinationName(destinationName);
 			}
 		}
 		template.setReceiveTimeout(timeout);
 
 		Session localSession = getLocalSession();
 		TemporaryQueue replyDestination = mock(TemporaryQueue.class);
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		given(localSession.createProducer(this.queue)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(localSession.createTemporaryQueue()).willReturn(replyDestination);
 
 		MessageConsumer messageConsumer = mock(MessageConsumer.class);
 		given(localSession.createConsumer(replyDestination)).willReturn(messageConsumer);
 
 
 		TextMessage request = mock(TextMessage.class);
 		MessageCreator messageCreator = mock(MessageCreator.class);
 		given(messageCreator.createMessage(localSession)).willReturn(request);
 
 		TextMessage reply = mock(TextMessage.class);
 		if (timeout == JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_NO_WAIT) {
 			given(messageConsumer.receiveNoWait()).willReturn(reply);
 		}
 		else if (timeout == JmsTemplate.RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_INDEFINITE_WAIT) {
 			given(messageConsumer.receive()).willReturn(reply);
 		}
 		else {
 			given(messageConsumer.receive(timeout)).willReturn(reply);
 		}
 
 		Message message = null;
 		if (useDefaultDestination) {
 			message = template.sendAndReceive(messageCreator);
 		}
 		else if (explicitDestination) {
 			message = template.sendAndReceive(this.queue, messageCreator);
 		}
 		else {
 			message = template.sendAndReceive(destinationName, messageCreator);
 		}
 
 		// replyTO set on the request
 		verify(request).setJMSReplyTo(replyDestination);
 		assertThat(message).as("Reply message not received").isSameAs(reply);
 		verify(this.connection).start();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 		verify(localSession).close();
 		verify(messageConsumer).close();
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testIllegalStateException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.IllegalStateException(""), org.springframework.jms.IllegalStateException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testInvalidClientIDException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.InvalidClientIDException(""), InvalidClientIDException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testInvalidDestinationException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.InvalidDestinationException(""), InvalidDestinationException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testInvalidSelectorException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.InvalidSelectorException(""), InvalidSelectorException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testJmsSecurityException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.JMSSecurityException(""), JmsSecurityException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testMessageEOFException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.MessageEOFException(""), MessageEOFException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testMessageFormatException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.MessageFormatException(""), MessageFormatException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testMessageNotReadableException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.MessageNotReadableException(""), MessageNotReadableException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testMessageNotWriteableException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.MessageNotWriteableException(""), MessageNotWriteableException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testResourceAllocationException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.ResourceAllocationException(""), ResourceAllocationException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testTransactionInProgressException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.TransactionInProgressException(""), TransactionInProgressException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testTransactionRolledBackException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.TransactionRolledBackException(""), TransactionRolledBackException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void testUncategorizedJmsException() throws Exception {
 		doTestJmsException(new javax.jms.JMSException(""), UncategorizedJmsException.class);
 	}
 
 	protected void doTestJmsException(JMSException original, Class<? extends JmsException> thrownExceptionClass) throws Exception {
 		JmsTemplate template = createTemplate();
 		template.setConnectionFactory(this.connectionFactory);
 		template.setMessageConverter(new SimpleMessageConverter());
 		String s = "Hello world";
 
 		MessageProducer messageProducer = mock(MessageProducer.class);
 		TextMessage textMessage = mock(TextMessage.class);
 
 		reset(this.session);
 		given(this.session.createProducer(this.queue)).willReturn(messageProducer);
 		given(this.session.createTextMessage("Hello world")).willReturn(textMessage);
 
 		willThrow(original).given(messageProducer).send(textMessage);
 
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(thrownExceptionClass).isThrownBy(() ->
 				template.convertAndSend(this.queue, s))
 			.withCause(original);
 
 		verify(messageProducer).close();
 		verify(this.session).close();
 		verify(this.connection).close();
 	}
 
 }

# TransactionTemplate #

[TransactionTemplate][]模板类，可简化程序化事务划分和事务异常处理。核心方法是execute（org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallback <T>），它支持实现TransactionCallback接口的事务代码。该模板处理事务生命周期和可能的异常，这样，既不需要TransactionCallback实现也不需要调用代码来显式处理事务。

**典型用法：**允许编写使用诸如JDBC数据源之类的资源但本身不支持事务的低级数据访问对象。相反，他们可以隐式参与使用此类由高层应用程序服务处理的事务，并通过内部类回调对象对低层服务进行调用。

可以通过使用事务管理器引用的直接实例化在服务实现中使用，或者可以在应用程序上下文中进行准备并作为bean引用传递给服务。注意：事务管理器应始终在应用程序上下文中配置为bean：在第一种情况下，直接提供给服务，在第二种情况下，提供给准备好的模板。

支持按名称设置传播行为和隔离级别，以便在上下文定义中进行方便的配置。

类所在位置：

package org.springframework.transaction.support;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
 import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
 import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionException;
 import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
 import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionSystemException;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 
 /**
 * Template class that simplifies programmatic transaction demarcation and
 * transaction exception handling.
 *
 * The central method is {@link #execute}, supporting transactional code that
 * implements the {@link TransactionCallback} interface. This template handles
 * the transaction lifecycle and possible exceptions such that neither the
 * TransactionCallback implementation nor the calling code needs to explicitly
 * handle transactions.
 *
 * Typical usage: Allows for writing low-level data access objects that use
 * resources such as JDBC DataSources but are not transaction-aware themselves.
 * Instead, they can implicitly participate in transactions handled by higher-level
 * application services utilizing this class, making calls to the low-level
 * services via an inner-class callback object.
 *
 * Can be used within a service implementation via direct instantiation with
 * a transaction manager reference, or get prepared in an application context
 * and passed to services as bean reference. Note: The transaction manager should
 * always be configured as bean in the application context: in the first case given
 * to the service directly, in the second case given to the prepared template.
 *
 * Supports setting the propagation behavior and the isolation level by name,
 * for convenient configuration in context definitions.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 17.03.2003
 * @see #execute
 * @see #setTransactionManager
 * @see org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager
 */
 @SuppressWarnings("serial")
 public class TransactionTemplate extends DefaultTransactionDefinition
 		implements TransactionOperations, InitializingBean {

TransactionTemplate核心方法：

@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(TransactionCallback<T> action) throws TransactionException {
 		Assert.state(this.transactionManager != null, "No PlatformTransactionManager set");
 
 		if (this.transactionManager instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) {
 			return ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) this.transactionManager).execute(this, action);
 		}
 		else {
 			TransactionStatus status = this.transactionManager.getTransaction(this);
 			T result;
 			try {
 				result = action.doInTransaction(status);
 			}
 			catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
 				// Transactional code threw application exception -> rollback
 				rollbackOnException(status, ex);
 				throw ex;
 			}
 			catch (Throwable ex) {
 				// Transactional code threw unexpected exception -> rollback
 				rollbackOnException(status, ex);
 				throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(ex, "TransactionCallback threw undeclared checked exception");
 			}
 			this.transactionManager.commit(status);
 			return result;
 		}
 	}

*  使用Spring预定义的DefaultTransactionDefinition ，然后通过TransactionManager的getTransaction（）方法首先声明事务开始
 *  如果有异常发生，则使用TransactionManager的rollback（）方法进行事务回滚
 *  如果成功，则执行TransactionManager的commit（）方法进行事务提交

TransactionCallback功能接口定义：

package org.springframework.transaction.support;
 
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
 
 /**
 * Callback interface for transactional code. Used with {@link TransactionTemplate}'s
 * {@code execute} method, often as anonymous class within a method implementation.
 *
 * Typically used to assemble various calls to transaction-unaware data access
 * services into a higher-level service method with transaction demarcation. As an
 * alternative, consider the use of declarative transaction demarcation (e.g. through
 * Spring's {@link org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional} annotation).
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 17.03.2003
 * @see TransactionTemplate
 * @see CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager
 * @param <T> the result type
 */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface TransactionCallback<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Gets called by {@link TransactionTemplate#execute} within a transactional context.
 	 * Does not need to care about transactions itself, although it can retrieve and
 	 * influence the status of the current transaction via the given status object,
 	 * e.g. setting rollback-only.
 	 * Allows for returning a result object created within the transaction, i.e. a
 	 * domain object or a collection of domain objects. A RuntimeException thrown by the
 	 * callback is treated as application exception that enforces a rollback. Any such
 	 * exception will be propagated to the caller of the template, unless there is a
 	 * problem rolling back, in which case a TransactionException will be thrown.
 	 * @param status associated transaction status
 	 * @return a result object, or {@code null}
 	 * @see TransactionTemplate#execute
 	 * @see CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager#execute
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	T doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status);
 
 }

编程式事务操作示例：

package org.springframework.transaction.support;
 
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.GenericBeanDefinition;
 import org.springframework.beans.testfixture.beans.DerivedTestBean;
 import org.springframework.beans.testfixture.beans.TestBean;
 import org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.transaction.testfixture.CallCountingTransactionManager;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
 
 /**
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 */
 public class SimpleTransactionScopeTests {
 
 	@Test
 	@SuppressWarnings("resource")
 	public void getFromScope() throws Exception {
 		GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();
 		context.getBeanFactory().registerScope("tx", new SimpleTransactionScope());
 
 		GenericBeanDefinition bd1 = new GenericBeanDefinition();
 		bd1.setBeanClass(TestBean.class);
 		bd1.setScope("tx");
 		bd1.setPrimary(true);
 		context.registerBeanDefinition("txScopedObject1", bd1);
 
 		GenericBeanDefinition bd2 = new GenericBeanDefinition();
 		bd2.setBeanClass(DerivedTestBean.class);
 		bd2.setScope("tx");
 		context.registerBeanDefinition("txScopedObject2", bd2);
 
 		context.refresh();
 
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(BeanCreationException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
 				context.getBean(TestBean.class))
 			.withCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);
 
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(BeanCreationException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
 				context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class))
 			.withCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);
 
 		TestBean bean1 = null;
 		DerivedTestBean bean2 = null;
 		DerivedTestBean bean2a = null;
 		DerivedTestBean bean2b = null;
 
 		TransactionSynchronizationManager.initSynchronization();
 		try {
 			bean1 = context.getBean(TestBean.class);
 			assertThat(context.getBean(TestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean1);
 
 			bean2 = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 			assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2);
 			context.getBeanFactory().destroyScopedBean("txScopedObject2");
 			assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource("txScopedObject2")).isFalse();
 			assertThat(bean2.wasDestroyed()).isTrue();
 
 			bean2a = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 			assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2a);
 			assertThat(bean2a).isNotSameAs(bean2);
 			context.getBeanFactory().getRegisteredScope("tx").remove("txScopedObject2");
 			assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource("txScopedObject2")).isFalse();
 			assertThat(bean2a.wasDestroyed()).isFalse();
 
 			bean2b = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 			assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2b);
 			assertThat(bean2b).isNotSameAs(bean2);
 			assertThat(bean2b).isNotSameAs(bean2a);
 		}
 		finally {
 			TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerAfterCompletion(TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED);
 			TransactionSynchronizationManager.clearSynchronization();
 		}
 
 		assertThat(bean2a.wasDestroyed()).isFalse();
 		assertThat(bean2b.wasDestroyed()).isTrue();
 		assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResourceMap().isEmpty()).isTrue();
 
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(BeanCreationException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
 				context.getBean(TestBean.class))
 			.withCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);
 
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(BeanCreationException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
 				context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class))
 			.withCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	public void getWithTransactionManager() throws Exception {
 		try (GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext()) {
 			context.getBeanFactory().registerScope("tx", new SimpleTransactionScope());
 
 			GenericBeanDefinition bd1 = new GenericBeanDefinition();
 			bd1.setBeanClass(TestBean.class);
 			bd1.setScope("tx");
 			bd1.setPrimary(true);
 			context.registerBeanDefinition("txScopedObject1", bd1);
 
 			GenericBeanDefinition bd2 = new GenericBeanDefinition();
 			bd2.setBeanClass(DerivedTestBean.class);
 			bd2.setScope("tx");
 			context.registerBeanDefinition("txScopedObject2", bd2);
 
 			context.refresh();
 
 			CallCountingTransactionManager tm = new CallCountingTransactionManager();
 			TransactionTemplate tt = new TransactionTemplate(tm);
 			Set<DerivedTestBean> finallyDestroy = new HashSet<>();
 
 			tt.execute(status -> {
 				TestBean bean1 = context.getBean(TestBean.class);
 				assertThat(context.getBean(TestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean1);
 
 				DerivedTestBean bean2 = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 				assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2);
 				context.getBeanFactory().destroyScopedBean("txScopedObject2");
 				assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource("txScopedObject2")).isFalse();
 				assertThat(bean2.wasDestroyed()).isTrue();
 
 				DerivedTestBean bean2a = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 				assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2a);
 				assertThat(bean2a).isNotSameAs(bean2);
 				context.getBeanFactory().getRegisteredScope("tx").remove("txScopedObject2");
 				assertThat(TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource("txScopedObject2")).isFalse();
 				assertThat(bean2a.wasDestroyed()).isFalse();
 
 				DerivedTestBean bean2b = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 				finallyDestroy.add(bean2b);
 				assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2b);
 				assertThat(bean2b).isNotSameAs(bean2);
 				assertThat(bean2b).isNotSameAs(bean2a);
 
 				Set<DerivedTestBean> immediatelyDestroy = new HashSet<>();
 				TransactionTemplate tt2 = new TransactionTemplate(tm);
 				tt2.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionTemplate.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);
 				tt2.execute(status2 -> {
 					DerivedTestBean bean2c = context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class);
 					immediatelyDestroy.add(bean2c);
 					assertThat(context.getBean(DerivedTestBean.class)).isSameAs(bean2c);
 					assertThat(bean2c).isNotSameAs(bean2);
 					assertThat(bean2c).isNotSameAs(bean2a);
 					assertThat(bean2c).isNotSameAs(bean2b);
 					return null;
 				});
 				assertThat(immediatelyDestroy.iterator().next().wasDestroyed()).isTrue();
 				assertThat(bean2b.wasDestroyed()).isFalse();
 
 				return null;
 			});
 
 			assertThat(finallyDestroy.iterator().next().wasDestroyed()).isTrue();
 		}
 	}
 
 }

# JndiTemplate #

JNDI(Java Naming and Directory Interface,Java命名和目录接口)是[SUN公司][SUN]提供的一种标准的Java命名系统接口，JNDI提供统一的[客户端][Link 1]API，通过不同的访问提供者接口JNDI服务供应接口(SPI)的实现，由管理者将JNDI API映射为特定的命名服务和目录系统，使得Java[应用程序][Link 2]可以和这些命名服务和[目录服务][Link 3]之间进行交互。[目录服务][Link 3]是命名服务的一种自然扩展。两者之间的关键差别是目录服务中[对象][Link 4]不但可以有名称还可以有属性（例如，用户有email地址），而命名服务中[对象][Link 4]没有属性。

利用JNDI的命名与服务功能来满足企业级API对命名与服务的访问，诸如EJB、JMS、JDBC 2.0以及IIOP上的RMI通过JNDI来使用CORBA的命名服务。

JNDI架构提供了一组标准的独立于命名系统的[API][]，这些API构建在与命名系统有关的驱动之上。这一层有助于将应用与实际数据源分离，因此不管应用访问的是[LDAP][]、[RMI][]、[DNS][]、还是其他的[目录服务][Link 5]。换句话说，JNDI独立于[目录服务][Link 5]的具体实现，只要有目录的服务提供接口（或驱动），就可以使用目录。

关于JNDI要注意的重要一点是，它提供了应用[编程接口][Link 6](application programming interface，API)和服务提供者接口(service provider interface，SPI)。这一点的真正含义是，要让应用与命名服务或[目录服务][Link 5]交互，必须有这个服务的JNDI服务提供者，这正是JNDI SPI发挥作用的地方。服务提供者基本上是一组类，这些类为各种具体的命名和[目录服务][Link 5]实现了JNDI接口—很像JDBC驱动为各种具体的[数据库系统实现][Link 7]了JDBC接口一样。作为一个应用开发者，我们不必操心JNDI SPI的具体实现。只需要确认要使用的每一个命名或[目录服务][Link 5]都有服务提供者。

JNDI可访问的现有的目录及服务有：DNS、XNam 、Novell[目录服务][Link 5]、LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol[轻型目录访问协议][Link 8])、 CORBA[对象][Link 4]服务、文件系统、Windows XP/2000/NT/Me/9x的[注册表][Link 9]、RMI、DSML v1&v2、NIS。

[JndiTemplate][]简化JNDI操作的Helper类。 它提供了查找和绑定对象的方法，并允许JndiCallback接口的实现通过提供的JNDI命名上下文执行他们喜欢的任何操作。核心使用方法是：bind(),rebind(),unbind,lookup()。

类所在位置：

package org.springframework.jndi;
    
    import java.util.Hashtable;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    import javax.naming.Context;
    import javax.naming.InitialContext;
    import javax.naming.NameNotFoundException;
    import javax.naming.NamingException;
    
    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    
    import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
    import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
    
    /**
     * Helper class that simplifies JNDI operations. It provides methods to lookup and
     * bind objects, and allows implementations of the {@link JndiCallback} interface
     * to perform any operation they like with a JNDI naming context provided.
     *
     * @author Rod Johnson
     * @author Juergen Hoeller
     * @see JndiCallback
     * @see #execute
     */
    public class JndiTemplate {

核心执行方法：

/**
 	 * Execute the given JNDI context callback implementation.
 	 * @param contextCallback the JndiCallback implementation to use
 	 * @return a result object returned by the callback, or {@code null}
 	 * @throws NamingException thrown by the callback implementation
 	 * @see #createInitialContext
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	public <T> T execute(JndiCallback<T> contextCallback) throws NamingException {
 		Context ctx = getContext();
 		try {
 			return contextCallback.doInContext(ctx);
 		}
 		finally {
 			releaseContext(ctx);
 		}
 	}

JndiCallback回调执行功能性接口定义：

package org.springframework.jndi;
 
 import javax.naming.Context;
 import javax.naming.NamingException;
 
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
 * Callback interface to be implemented by classes that need to perform an
 * operation (such as a lookup) in a JNDI context. This callback approach
 * is valuable in simplifying error handling, which is performed by the
 * JndiTemplate class. This is a similar to JdbcTemplate's approach.
 *
 * Note that there is hardly any need to implement this callback
 * interface, as JndiTemplate provides all usual JNDI operations via
 * convenience methods.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @param <T> the resulting object type
 * @see JndiTemplate
 * @see org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate
 */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface JndiCallback<T> {
 
 	/**
 	 * Do something with the given JNDI context.
 	 * Implementations don't need to worry about error handling
 	 * or cleanup, as the JndiTemplate class will handle this.
 	 * @param ctx the current JNDI context
 	 * @throws NamingException if thrown by JNDI methods
 	 * @return a result object, or {@code null}
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	T doInContext(Context ctx) throws NamingException;
 
 }

测试示例：

/*
     * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors.
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     */
    
    package org.springframework.jndi;
    
    import javax.naming.Context;
    import javax.naming.NameNotFoundException;
    
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    
    import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
    import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
    import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
    import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
    import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
    
    /**
     * @author Rod Johnson
     * @author Juergen Hoeller
     * @author Chris Beams
     * @since 08.07.2003
     */
    public class JndiTemplateTests {
    
    	@Test
    	public void testLookupSucceeds() throws Exception {
    		Object o = new Object();
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    		given(context.lookup(name)).willReturn(o);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		Object o2 = jt.lookup(name);
    		assertThat(o2).isEqualTo(o);
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testLookupFails() throws Exception {
    		NameNotFoundException ne = new NameNotFoundException();
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    		given(context.lookup(name)).willThrow(ne);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		assertThatExceptionOfType(NameNotFoundException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
    				jt.lookup(name));
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testLookupReturnsNull() throws Exception {
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    		given(context.lookup(name)).willReturn(null);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		assertThatExceptionOfType(NameNotFoundException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
    				jt.lookup(name));
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testLookupFailsWithTypeMismatch() throws Exception {
    		Object o = new Object();
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    		given(context.lookup(name)).willReturn(o);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		assertThatExceptionOfType(TypeMismatchNamingException.class).isThrownBy(() ->
    				jt.lookup(name, String.class));
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testBind() throws Exception {
    		Object o = new Object();
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		jt.bind(name, o);
    		verify(context).bind(name, o);
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testRebind() throws Exception {
    		Object o = new Object();
    		String name = "foo";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		jt.rebind(name, o);
    		verify(context).rebind(name, o);
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testUnbind() throws Exception {
    		String name = "something";
    		final Context context = mock(Context.class);
    
    		JndiTemplate jt = new JndiTemplate() {
    			@Override
    			protected Context createInitialContext() {
    				return context;
    			}
    		};
    
    		jt.unbind(name);
    		verify(context).unbind(name);
    		verify(context).close();
    	}
    
    }

# 参考文章 #

[模板模式][Link 10]

[深入理解 Spring 中的 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor 与 ListenableFuture 对象][Spring _ ThreadPoolTaskExecutor _ ListenableFuture]

[ListenableFuture异步多线程代码实现][ListenableFuture]

[ListenableFuture、CompletableFuture、RxJava(Observable)区别][ListenableFuture_CompletableFuture_RxJava_Observable]

[Spring_Method Template]: https://blog.csdn.net/boonya/article/details/115208189
[JmsTemplate]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/jms/core/JmsTemplate.html
[TransactionTemplate]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/transaction/support/TransactionTemplate.html
[SUN]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/SUN%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8
[Link 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF/101081
[Link 2]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F/5985445
[Link 3]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/10413830
[Link 4]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1/17158
[API]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/API
[LDAP]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/LDAP
[RMI]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/RMI
[DNS]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/DNS
[Link 5]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1
[Link 6]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3
[Link 7]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0
[Link 8]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%BD%BB%E5%9E%8B%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE/10493115
[Link 9]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8/101856
[JndiTemplate]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/jndi/JndiTemplate.html
[Link 10]: https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/template-pattern.html
[Spring _ ThreadPoolTaskExecutor _ ListenableFuture]: http://ckjava.com/2019/08/22/understand-Spring-ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-ListenableFuture/
[ListenableFuture]: https://blog.csdn.net/pistolove/article/details/53389646
[ListenableFuture_CompletableFuture_RxJava_Observable]: https://blog.csdn.net/alex_xfboy/article/details/86581560