unittest 测试框架与 pytest 测试框架区别对比优劣分析

悠悠 2022-11-12 11:49 225阅读 0赞

**两种测试框架 对比一览表**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

【用例前置和后置】

Unittest 前置和后置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

运行结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

结论：

**三个方法的逻辑优先级： setUp()&tearDown() < setUpClass()&tearDownClass() < setUpModule()&tearDownModule()**

**Pytest** **的前置和后置**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

运行结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

**【参数化】**

参数化应用场景:

一个场景的用例会用到多条数据来进行验证，比如登录功能会用到正确的用户名、密码登录，错误的用户名、正确的密码，正确的用户名、错误的密码等等来进行测试，这时就可以用到框架中的参数化，来便捷的完成测试。

参数化 就是”数据驱动”思想(ddt ：data drive test)，即可以在一个测试用例中进行多组的数据测试，而且每一组数据都是分开的、独立的.

Unittest测试数据参数化（数据驱动ddt）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

Pytest测试数据参数化：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

运行结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**【断言】**

Pytest 断言相对简洁

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

【测试报告】

**[HTML*TestRunnerNew*][HTML_TestRunnerNew]****报告样式 (python2  python3 需要不同的模板)**![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

Allure 报告样式

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5MjE0ODc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

**两种测试框架的运用：**  
UI自动化

Python+Appium+Unittest+HtmlRunnerNew

Python+Appium+Pytest+Allure

接口自动化

Python+Request+Unittest+HtmlRunnerNew

Python+Request+Pytest+Allure

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[HTML_TestRunnerNew]: http://www.baidu.com/link?url=mx3_BGFjI3ZAfNJlBLJiC60rVyQnOyBjrIiOhyO7628kHrTMIUMrXFCjsRd7-dM17KKkER3x0L2W9fmHdvCX7AvQwusFTueFtceH60GkS9a&wd=&eqid=a486ba47000be391000000026059ec4f
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