Qt文档阅读笔记-Qt Quick 3D - Simple Example解析

小鱼儿 2022-11-06 15:59 222阅读 0赞

程序运行截图如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxNzg0NDI3NjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

还是动的。

官方出这篇博文的目的是如何教我们使用Qt Quick 3D去渲染简单的场景。

首先是设置其场景。

在main.qml文件中设置整个场景，导入QtQuick3D组建，用于使用各种3D数据类型：

import QtQuick3D 1.14
    
      Window {
          id: window
          width: 1280
          height: 720
          visible: true
    
          View3D {
              id: view
              anchors.fill: parent
    
              //! [environment]
              environment: SceneEnvironment {
                  clearColor: "skyblue"
                  backgroundMode: SceneEnvironment.Color
              }
              //! [environment]
    
              //! [camera]
              PerspectiveCamera {
                  position: Qt.vector3d(0, 200, -300)
                  rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 0, 0)
              }
              //! [camera]
    
              //! [light]
              DirectionalLight {
                  rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 70, 0)
              }
              //! [light]
    
              //! [objects]
              Model {
                  position: Qt.vector3d(0, -200, 0)
                  source: "#Cylinder"
                  scale: Qt.vector3d(2, 0.2, 1)
                  materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                          diffuseColor: "red"
                      }
                  ]
              }
    
              Model {
                  position: Qt.vector3d(0, 150, 0)
                  source: "#Sphere"
    
                  materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                          diffuseColor: "blue"
                      }
                  ]
    
                  SequentialAnimation on y {
                      loops: Animation.Infinite
                      NumberAnimation {
                          duration: 3000
                          to: -150
                          from: 150
                          easing.type:Easing.InQuad
                      }
                      NumberAnimation {
                          duration: 3000
                          to: 150
                          from: -150
                          easing.type:Easing.OutQuad
                      }
                  }
              }
              //! [objects]
          }
      }

定义了场景所处的环境。在这个例子中将background的颜色改成了‘skyblue’。

environment: SceneEnvironment {
          clearColor: "skyblue"
          backgroundMode: SceneEnvironment.Color
      }

随后定义了场景中的相机。在此官方实例中使用了PerspectiveCamera充当相机，将相机向后移，这个后是指人倒退向后这个，并且给一个看的角度

PerspectiveCamera {
          position: Qt.vector3d(0, 200, -300)
          rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 0, 0)
      }

在画物体前，还需要一个光源去照，在物理里面，只有光照到物体上，反射的光进入眼睛才会有颜色，没有光就是一坨黑。

DirectionalLight {
          rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 70, 0)
      }

其次是画简单的物体。

画一个用红色圆柱弄的圆盘，并且画一个球，这个球有一些动态效果

Model {
    
          position: Qt.vector3d(0, -200, 0)
          source: "#Cylinder"
          scale: Qt.vector3d(2, 0.2, 1)
          materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                  diffuseColor: "red"
              }
          ]
      }
    
      Model {
          position: Qt.vector3d(0, 150, 0)
          source: "#Sphere"
    
          materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                  diffuseColor: "blue"
              }
          ]
    
          SequentialAnimation on y {
              loops: Animation.Infinite
              NumberAnimation {
                  duration: 3000
                  to: -150
                  from: 150
                  easing.type:Easing.InQuad
              }
              NumberAnimation {
                  duration: 3000
                  to: 150
                  from: -150
                  easing.type:Easing.OutQuad
              }
          }
      }

源码如下：

simple.pro

QT += quick quick3d-private
    
    target.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/quick3d/simple
    INSTALLS += target
    
    SOURCES += \
        main.cpp
    
    RESOURCES += \
        qml.qrc
    
    OTHER_FILES += \
        doc/src/*.*

main.cpp

#include <QGuiApplication>
    #include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
    
    #include <QtGui>
    #include <QtQuick3D/private/qquick3dviewport_p.h>
    
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);
    
        QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);
    
        QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat(QQuick3DViewport::idealSurfaceFormat(4));
    
        QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
        engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
        if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
            return -1;
    
        return app.exec();
    }

main.qml

import QtQuick 2.14
    import QtQuick.Window 2.14
    import QtQuick3D 1.14
    
    Window {
        id: window
        width: 1280
        height: 720
        visible: true
    
        View3D {
            id: view
            anchors.fill: parent
    
            //! [environment]
            environment: SceneEnvironment {
                clearColor: "skyblue"
                backgroundMode: SceneEnvironment.Color
            }
            //! [environment]
    
            //! [camera]
            PerspectiveCamera {
                position: Qt.vector3d(0, 200, -300)
                rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 0, 0)
            }
            //! [camera]
    
            //! [light]
            DirectionalLight {
                rotation: Qt.vector3d(30, 70, 0)
            }
            //! [light]
    
            //! [objects]
            Model {
                position: Qt.vector3d(0, -200, 0)
                source: "#Cylinder"
                scale: Qt.vector3d(2, 0.2, 1)
                materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                        diffuseColor: "red"
                    }
                ]
            }
    
            Model {
                position: Qt.vector3d(0, 150, 0)
                source: "#Sphere"
    
                materials: [ DefaultMaterial {
                        diffuseColor: "blue"
                    }
                ]
    
                SequentialAnimation on y {
                    loops: Animation.Infinite
                    NumberAnimation {
                        duration: 3000
                        to: -150
                        from: 150
                        easing.type:Easing.InQuad
                    }
                    NumberAnimation {
                        duration: 3000
                        to: 150
                        from: -150
                        easing.type:Easing.OutQuad
                    }
                }
            }
            //! [objects]
        }
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxNzg0NDI3NjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221023/ea8c8563235c4e9f92f0fe1c06bb4d50.png