高可用安装K8s集群1.20.x

我会带着你远行 2022-10-31 15:57 283阅读 0赞

![45aef3e1b87bab1f23fcff51ca292a91.gif][]

*  1. 安装说明
 *  2. 节点规划
 *  3. 基本配置
 *  4. 内核配置
 *  5. 基本组件安装
 *  6. 高可用组件安装
 *  7. 集群初始化
 *  8. 高可用Master
 *  9. 添加Node节点
 *  10. Calico安装
 *  11. Metrics Server部署
 *  12. Dashboard部署

## 1. 安装说明 ##

虽然K8s 1.20版本宣布将在1.23版本之后将不再维护dockershim，意味着K8s将不直接支持Docker，不过大家不必过于担心。一是在1.23版本之前我们仍然可以使用Docker，二是dockershim肯定会有人接盘，我们同样可以使用Docker，三是Docker制作的镜像仍然可以在其他Runtime环境中使用，所以大家不必过于恐慌。

本次安装采用的是Kubeadm安装工具，安装版本是K8s 1.20+，采用的系统为CentOS 7.9，其中Master节点3台，Node节点2台，高可用工具采用HAProxy + KeepAlived，**高可用架构视频讲解点我**

**前沿技术，快人一步，点我了解~**

## 2. 节点规划 ##

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>主机名</th> 
   <th>IP地址</th> 
   <th>角色</th> 
   <th>配置</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>k8s-master01 ~ 03</td> 
   <td>192.168.0.201 ~ 203</td> 
   <td>Master/Worker节点</td> 
   <td>2C2G 40G</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>k8s-node01 ~ 02</td> 
   <td>192.168.0.204 ~ 205</td> 
   <td>Worker节点</td> 
   <td>2C2G 40G</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>k8s-master-lb</td> 
   <td>192.168.0.236</td> 
   <td>VIP</td> 
   <td>VIP不占用机器</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>信息</th> 
   <th>备注</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>系统版本</td> 
   <td>CentOS 7.9</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Docker版本</td> 
   <td>19.03.x</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>K8s版本</td> 
   <td>1.20.x</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Pod网段</td> 
   <td>172.168.0.0/16</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Service网段</td> 
   <td>10.96.0.0/12</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 3. 基本配置 ##

所有节点配置hosts

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
    192.168.0.201 k8s-master01
    192.168.0.202 k8s-master02
    192.168.0.203 k8s-master03
    192.168.0.236 k8s-master-lb # 如果不是高可用集群，该IP为Master01的IP
    192.168.0.204 k8s-node01
    192.168.0.205 k8s-node02

yum源配置

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
    yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
    yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
    [kubernetes]
    name=Kubernetes
    baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
    repo_gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
    EOF
    sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

必备工具安装

yum install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git -y

**成为K8s架构师只需一步，点我了解~**

所有节点关闭防火墙、selinux、dnsmasq、swap。服务器配置如下：

systemctl disable --now firewalld 
    systemctl disable --now dnsmasq
    systemctl disable --now NetworkManager
    
    setenforce 0
    sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
    sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

关闭swap分区

swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
    sed -ri '/^[^#]*swap/s@^@#@' /etc/fstab

安装ntpdate

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.wlnmp.com/centos/wlnmp-release-centos.noarch.rpm
    yum install ntpdate -y

所有节点同步时间。时间同步配置如下：

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
    echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone
    ntpdate time2.aliyun.com

加入到crontab

*/5 * * * * ntpdate time2.aliyun.com

所有节点配置limit：

ulimit -SHn 65535
    
    vim /etc/security/limits.conf
    # 末尾添加如下内容
    * soft nofile 655360
    * hard nofile 131072
    * soft nproc 655350
    * hard nproc 655350
    * soft memlock unlimited
    * hard memlock unlimited

Master01节点免密钥登录其他节点：

ssh-keygen -t rsa
    for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub $i;done

下载安装所有的源码文件：

cd /root/ ; git clone https://github.com/dotbalo/k8s-ha-install.git

所有节点升级系统并重启：

yum update -y  && reboot

**掌握K8s就是掌握云计算的未来，点我了解~**

## 4. 内核配置 ##

所有节点安装ipvsadm：

yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y

所有节点配置ipvs模块

vim /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf 
    	# 加入以下内容
    ip_vs
    ip_vs_lc
    ip_vs_wlc
    ip_vs_rr
    ip_vs_wrr
    ip_vs_lblc
    ip_vs_lblcr
    ip_vs_dh
    ip_vs_sh
    ip_vs_fo
    ip_vs_nq
    ip_vs_sed
    ip_vs_ftp
    ip_vs_sh
    nf_conntrack_ipv4
    ip_tables
    ip_set
    xt_set
    ipt_set
    ipt_rpfilter
    ipt_REJECT
    ipip

加载内核配置

systemctl enable --now systemd-modules-load.service

开启一些k8s集群中必须的内核参数，所有节点配置k8s内核

cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
    vm.overcommit_memory=1
    vm.panic_on_oom=0
    fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
    fs.file-max=52706963
    fs.nr_open=52706963
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
    
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
    net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
    net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
    net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
    net.core.somaxconn = 16384
    EOF
    sysctl --system

## 5. 基本组件安装 ##

所有节点安装Docker-ce 19.03

yum install docker-ce-19.03.* -y

所有节点设置开机自启动Docker

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now docker

安装k8s组件

yum list kubeadm.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r

所有节点安装最新版本kubeadm

yum install kubeadm -y

默认配置的pause镜像使用gcr.io仓库，国内可能无法访问，所以这里配置Kubelet使用阿里云的pause镜像：

cat >/etc/sysconfig/kubelet<<EOF
    KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.2"
    EOF

设置Kubelet开机自启动

systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl enable --now kubelet

**高薪职业，永不失业，点我了解~**

## 6. 高可用组件安装 ##

**注意：如果不是高可用集群或者在云上安装，haproxy和keepalived无需安装**  
所有Master节点通过yum安装HAProxy和KeepAlived：

yum install keepalived haproxy -y

所有Master节点配置HAProxy（详细配置参考HAProxy文档，所有Master节点的HAProxy配置相同）：

[root@k8s-master01 etc]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
    [root@k8s-master01 etc]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 
    global
      maxconn  2000
      ulimit-n  16384
      log  127.0.0.1 local0 err
      stats timeout 30s
    
    defaults
      log global
      mode  http
      option  httplog
      timeout connect 5000
      timeout client  50000
      timeout server  50000
      timeout http-request 15s
      timeout http-keep-alive 15s
    
    frontend monitor-in
      bind *:33305
      mode http
      option httplog
      monitor-uri /monitor
    
    frontend k8s-master
      bind 0.0.0.0:16443
      bind 127.0.0.1:16443
      mode tcp
      option tcplog
      tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
      default_backend k8s-master
    
    backend k8s-master
      mode tcp
      option tcplog
      option tcp-check
      balance roundrobin
      default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
      server k8s-master01	192.168.0.201:6443  check
      server k8s-master02	192.168.0.202:6443  check
      server k8s-master03	192.168.0.203:6443  check

所有Master节点配置KeepAlived，配置不一样，注意区分  
注意每个节点的IP和网卡（interface参数）  
Master01节点的配置：

[root@k8s-master01 etc]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
    
    [root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
    ! Configuration File for keepalived
    global_defs {
        router_id LVS_DEVEL
    script_user root
        enable_script_security
    }
    vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
        interval 5
        weight -5
        fall 2  
    rise 1
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state MASTER
        interface ens192
        mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.201
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 101
        advert_int 2
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            192.168.0.236
        }
    #    track_script {
    #       chk_apiserver
    #    }
    }

Master02节点的配置：

! Configuration File for keepalived
    global_defs {
        router_id LVS_DEVEL
    script_user root
        enable_script_security
    }
    vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
       interval 5
        weight -5
        fall 2  
    rise 1
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state BACKUP
        interface ens192
        mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.202
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 100
        advert_int 2
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            192.168.0.236
        }
    #    track_script {
    #       chk_apiserver
    #    }
    }

Master03节点的配置：

! Configuration File for keepalived
    global_defs {
        router_id LVS_DEVEL
    script_user root
        enable_script_security
    }
    vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
     interval 5
        weight -5
        fall 2  
    rise 1
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state BACKUP
        interface ens192
        mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.203
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 100
        advert_int 2
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            192.168.0.236
        }
    #    track_script {
    #       chk_apiserver
    #    }
    }

注意上述的健康检查是关闭的，集群建立完成后再开启：

#    track_script {
    #       chk_apiserver
    #    }

配置KeepAlived健康检查文件：

[root@k8s-master01 keepalived]# cat /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    
    err=0
    for k in $(seq 1 3)
    do
        check_code=$(pgrep haproxy)
        if [[ $check_code == "" ]]; then
            err=$(expr $err + 1)
            sleep 1
            continue
        else
            err=0
            break
        fi
    done
    
    if [[ $err != "0" ]]; then
        echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
        /usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
        exit 1
    else
        exit 0
    fi
    
    
    chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
    启动haproxy和keepalived
    [root@k8s-master01 keepalived]# systemctl daemon-reload
    [root@k8s-master01 keepalived]# systemctl enable --now haproxy
    [root@k8s-master01 keepalived]# systemctl enable --now keepalived

测试VIP

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# ping 192.168.0.236 -c 4
    PING 192.168.0.236 (192.168.0.236) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.464 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms

**方向比努力更重要，点我了解~**

## 7. 集群初始化 ##

Master01节点创建new.yaml配置文件如下：

apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
    bootstrapTokens:
    - groups:
      - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
      token: 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury
      ttl: 24h0m0s
      usages:
      - signing
      - authentication
    kind: InitConfiguration
    localAPIEndpoint:
      advertiseAddress: 192.168.0.201
      bindPort: 6443
    nodeRegistration:
      criSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sock
      name: k8s-master01
      taints:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
    ---
    apiServer:
      certSANs:
      - 192.168.0.236
      timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
    apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
    certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
    clusterName: kubernetes
    controlPlaneEndpoint: 192.168.0.236:16443
    controllerManager: {}
    dns:
      type: CoreDNS
    etcd:
      local:
        dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
    imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
    kind: ClusterConfiguration
    kubernetesVersion: v1.20.0
    networking:
      dnsDomain: cluster.local
      podSubnet: 172.168.0.0/16
      serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
    scheduler: {}

**注意：如果不是高可用集群，192.168.0.236:16443改为master01的地址，16443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443，注意更改v1.20.0为自己服务器kubeadm的版本：kubeadm version**  
将new.yaml文件复制到其他master节点，之后所有Master节点提前下载镜像，可以节省初始化时间：

kubeadm config images pull --config /root/new.yaml

所有节点设置开机自启动kubelet

systemctl enable --now kubelet（如果启动失败无需管理，初始化成功以后即可启动）

Master01节点初始化，初始化以后会在/etc/kubernetes目录下生成对应的证书和配置文件，之后其他Master节点加入Master01即可：

kubeadm init --config /root/new.yaml  --upload-certs

初始化成功以后，会产生Token值，用于其他节点加入时使用，因此要记录下初始化成功生成的token值（令牌值）：

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
    
    To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
    
      mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
      sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
      sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    
    Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
    
      export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
    
    You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
    Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
      https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
    
    You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:
    
      kubeadm join 192.168.0.236:16443 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:8c92ecb336be2b9372851a9af2c7ca1f7f60c12c68f6ffe1eb513791a1b8a908 \
        --control-plane --certificate-key ac2854de93aaabdf6dc440322d4846fc230b290c818c32d6ea2e500fc930b0aa
    
    Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
    As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
    "kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs" to reload certs afterward.
    
    Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
    
    kubeadm join 192.168.0.236:16443 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:8c92ecb336be2b9372851a9af2c7ca1f7f60c12c68f6ffe1eb513791a1b8a908

Master01节点配置环境变量，用于访问Kubernetes集群：

cat <<EOF >> /root/.bashrc
    export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
    EOF
    source /root/.bashrc

查看节点状态：

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
    NAME           STATUS     ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
    k8s-master01   NotReady   control-plane,master   74s   v1.20.0

采用初始化安装方式，所有的系统组件均以容器的方式运行并且在kube-system命名空间内，此时可以查看Pod状态：

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
    NAME                                   READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP              NODE
    coredns-777d78ff6f-kstsz               0/1       Pending   0          14m       <none>          <none>
    coredns-777d78ff6f-rlfr5               0/1       Pending   0          14m       <none>          <none>
    etcd-k8s-master01                      1/1       Running   0          14m       192.168.0.201   k8s-master01
    kube-apiserver-k8s-master01            1/1       Running   0          13m       192.168.0.201   k8s-master01
    kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01   1/1       Running   0          13m       192.168.0.201   k8s-master01
    kube-proxy-8d4qc                       1/1       Running   0          14m       192.168.0.201   k8s-master01
    kube-scheduler-k8s-master01            1/1       Running   0          13m       192.168.0.201   k8s-master01

## 8. 高可用Master ##

初始化其他master加入集群

kubeadm join 192.168.0.236:16443 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:8c92ecb336be2b9372851a9af2c7ca1f7f60c12c68f6ffe1eb513791a1b8a908 \
        --control-plane --certificate-key ac2854de93aaabdf6dc440322d4846fc230b290c818c32d6ea2e500fc930b0aa

## 9. 添加Node节点 ##

kubeadm join 192.168.0.236:16443 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:8c92ecb336be2b9372851a9af2c7ca1f7f60c12c68f6ffe1eb513791a1b8a908

查看集群状态：

[root@k8s-master01]# kubectl  get node
    NAME           STATUS     ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
    k8s-master01   NotReady   control-plane,master   8m53s   v1.20.0
    k8s-master02   NotReady   control-plane,master   2m25s   v1.20.0
    k8s-master03   NotReady   control-plane,master   31s     v1.20.0
    k8s-node01     NotReady   <none>                 32s     v1.20.0
    k8s-node02     NotReady   <none>                 88s     v1.20.0

## 10. Calico安装 ##

**K8s架构师学习路径，点我了解~**

以下步骤只在master01执行

cd /root/k8s-ha-install && git checkout manual-installation-v1.20.x && cd calico/

修改calico-etcd.yaml的以下位置

sed -i 's#etcd_endpoints: "http://<ETCD_IP>:<ETCD_PORT>"#etcd_endpoints: "https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379"#g' calico-etcd.yaml
    
    
    ETCD_CA=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
    ETCD_CERT=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
    ETCD_KEY=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
    sed -i "s@# etcd-key: null@etcd-key: ${ETCD_KEY}@g; s@# etcd-cert: null@etcd-cert: ${ETCD_CERT}@g; s@# etcd-ca: null@etcd-ca: ${ETCD_CA}@g" calico-etcd.yaml
    
    
    sed -i 's#etcd_ca: ""#etcd_ca: "/calico-secrets/etcd-ca"#g; s#etcd_cert: ""#etcd_cert: "/calico-secrets/etcd-cert"#g; s#etcd_key: "" #etcd_key: "/calico-secrets/etcd-key" #g' calico-etcd.yaml
    
    POD_SUBNET=`cat /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml | grep cluster-cidr= | awk -F= '{print $NF}'`
    
    sed -i 's@# - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@g; s@#   value: "192.168.0.0/16"@  value: '"${POD_SUBNET}"'@g' calico-etcd.yaml

创建calico

kubectl apply -f calico-etcd.yaml

## 11. Metrics Server部署 ##

在新版的Kubernetes中系统资源的采集均使用Metrics-server，可以通过Metrics采集节点和Pod的内存、磁盘、CPU和网络的使用率。  
将Master01节点的front-proxy-ca.crt复制到所有Node节点

scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt k8s-node01:/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt
    scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt k8s-node(其他节点自行拷贝):/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt

安装metrics server

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/metrics-server-0.4.x-kubeadm/
    
    [root@k8s-master01 metrics-server-0.4.x-kubeadm]# kubectl  create -f comp.yaml 
    serviceaccount/metrics-server created
    clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:aggregated-metrics-reader created
    clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
    rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server-auth-reader created
    clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server:system:auth-delegator created
    clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
    service/metrics-server created
    deployment.apps/metrics-server created
    apiservice.apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io created

等待kube-system命令空间下的Pod全部启动后，查看状态

[root@k8s-master01 metrics-server-0.4.x-kubeadm]# kubectl  top node
    NAME           CPU(cores)   CPU%   MEMORY(bytes)   MEMORY%   
    k8s-master01   109m         2%     1296Mi          33%       
    k8s-master02   99m          2%     1124Mi          29%       
    k8s-master03   104m         2%     1082Mi          28%       
    k8s-node01     55m          1%     761Mi           19%       
    k8s-node02     53m          1%     663Mi           17%

## 12. Dashboard部署 ##

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/dashboard/
    
    [root@k8s-master01 dashboard]# kubectl  create -f .
    serviceaccount/admin-user created
    clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created
    namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
    serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
    service/kubernetes-dashboard created
    secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
    secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
    secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
    configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
    role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
    clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
    rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
    clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
    deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
    service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
    deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created

在谷歌浏览器（Chrome）启动文件中加入启动参数，用于解决无法访问Dashboard的问题，参考图：

--test-type --ignore-certificate-errors

![70138ca7aaf7cd93df1a9b5f89bb5ccc.png][]  
更改dashboard的svc为NodePort：

kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard

![1802d2275413ce4061e442e3b41450c5.png][]  
将ClusterIP更改为NodePort（如果已经为NodePort忽略此步骤）：  
查看端口号：  
![be11a72c39c969f7cf5f6c584037bf17.png][]  
根据自己的实例端口号，通过任意安装了kube-proxy的宿主机或者VIP的IP+端口即可访问到dashboard：  
访问Dashboard：https://192.168.0.236:18282（请更改18282为自己的端口），选择登录方式为令牌（即token方式）  
![607846f8e2436ab84d2279f24785396a.png][]  
查看token值：

[root@k8s-master01 1.1.1]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
    Name:         admin-user-token-r4vcp
    Namespace:    kube-system
    Labels:       <none>
    Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
                  kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 2112796c-1c9e-11e9-91ab-000c298bf023
    
    Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token
    
    Data
    ====
    ca.crt:     1025 bytes
    namespace:  11 bytes
    token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLXI0dmNwIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiIyMTEyNzk2Yy0xYzllLTExZTktOTFhYi0wMDBjMjk4YmYwMjMiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.bWYmwgRb-90ydQmyjkbjJjFt8CdO8u6zxVZh-19rdlL_T-n35nKyQIN7hCtNAt46u6gfJ5XXefC9HsGNBHtvo_Ve6oF7EXhU772aLAbXWkU1xOwQTQynixaypbRIas_kiO2MHHxXfeeL_yYZRrgtatsDBxcBRg-nUQv4TahzaGSyK42E_4YGpLa3X3Jc4t1z0SQXge7lrwlj8ysmqgO4ndlFjwPfvg0eoYqu9Qsc5Q7tazzFf9mVKMmcS1ppPutdyqNYWL62P1prw_wclP0TezW1CsypjWSVT4AuJU8YmH8nTNR1EXn8mJURLSjINv6YbZpnhBIPgUGk1JYVLcn47w

将token值输入到令牌后，单击登录即可访问Dashboard  
![f9e55cc94f350b15d4198a81122f1e2d.png][]

END

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