python读取excel数据并且画图的实现示例

怼烎@ 2022-10-29 07:38 236阅读 0赞

一,要读取的数据的格式：

二,数据读取部分：  
b站视频参考：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14C4y1W7Nj?t=148

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\# 1930  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1930.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A1=\[\]  
B1=\[\]  
\# sheet.cell\_value(i,0):第i行的第0个元素  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A1.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B1.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A1)!=len(B1):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)  
三,画图函数  
1. def drawBar(Music\_genre,singer\_num,year)  
参数介绍

参数名 参数含义  
Music\_genre 音乐流派名称list  
singer\_num 音乐流派对应音乐家数量list  
year 读的文件的年份(因为源代码是从1840到2020的)  
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def drawBar(Music\_genre,singer\_num,year):  
arr\_len=len(Music\_genre)  
\# 由循环得到一个字典，key是音乐流派，value是这个音乐流派对应的音乐家的数量  
i=0  
dict\_music\_singer=\{\}  
while i<arr\_len:  
dict\_music\_singer\[Music\_genre\[i\]\]=singer\_num\[i\]  
i=i+1  
  
\# 注释1  
pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr\_len), height=0.3, width=singer\_num, orientation="horizontal")  
\# 注释2  
pyplot.yticks(range(arr\_len),Music\_genre)  
\# 加title，展示图像  
pyplot.title(year)  
pyplot.show()  
  
...  
...  
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)  
注释1：

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"""  
水平条形图，需要修改以下属性  
orientation="horizontal"  
"""  
import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
  
\# 数据  
N = 5  
x = \[20, 10, 30, 25, 15\]  
y = \[0,1,2,3,4\]  
  
\# 绘图 x= 起始位置， bottom= 水平条的底部(左侧), y轴， height 水平条的宽度， width 水平条的长度  
p1 = plt.bar(x=0, bottom=y, height=0.5, width=x, orientation="horizontal")  
pyplot.bar(range(arr\_len),singer\_num,align='center')  
pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr\_len), height=0.5, width=singer\_num, orientation="horizontal")  
\# 展示图形  
plt.show()

注释2：plt.xticks的第一个参数和plt.plot的第一个参数一样，第二个参数是和第一个参数相同长度的list此例中用来代替横坐标

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
x = \[1, 2, 3, 4\]  
y = \[1, 4, 9, 6\]  
labels = \['Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Bogs', 'Slogs'\]  
  
plt.plot(x, y)  
\# You can specify a rotation for the tick labels in degrees or with keywords.  
plt.xticks(x, labels, rotation='vertical')  
\# Pad margins so that markers don't get clipped by the axes  
plt.margins(0.2)  
\# Tweak spacing to prevent clipping of tick-labels  
plt.subplots\_adjust(bottom=0.15)  
plt.show()

1.1 效果：

1.2 完整代码  
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import pandas as pd  
import numpy as np  
import xlrd  
from matplotlib import pyplot  
def drawBar(Music\_genre,singer\_num,year):  
arr\_len=len(Music\_genre)  
  
i=0  
dict\_music\_singer=\{\}  
while i<arr\_len:  
dict\_music\_singer\[Music\_genre\[i\]\]=singer\_num\[i\]  
i=i+1  
\#pyplot.bar(range(arr\_len),singer\_num,align='center')  
pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr\_len), height=0.3, width=singer\_num, orientation="horizontal")  
pyplot.yticks(range(arr\_len),Music\_genre)  
pyplot.title(year)  
pyplot.show()  
  
  
\# 1930  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1930.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A1=\[\]  
B1=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A1.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B1.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A1)!=len(B1):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)  
  
  
  
\# 1940  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1940.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A2=\[\]  
B2=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A2.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B2.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A2)!=len(B2):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A2,B2,1940)  
  
  
  
\#  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1950.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A3=\[\]  
B3=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A3.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B3.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A3)!=len(B3):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A3,B3,1950)  
  
  
  
\# 6  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1960.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A4=\[\]  
B4=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A4.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B4.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A4)!=len(B4):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A4,B4,1960)  
  
  
  
  
\#  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1970.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A5=\[\]  
B5=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A5.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B5.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A5)!=len(B5):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A5,B5,1970)  
  
  
  
  
\#  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1980.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A6=\[\]  
B6=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A6.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B6.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A6)!=len(B6):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A6,B6,1980)  
  
  
  
  
\# 9  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('1990.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A7=\[\]  
B7=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A7.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B7.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A7)!=len(B7):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A7,B7,1990)  
  
  
  
  
\# 2000  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('2000.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A8=\[\]  
B8=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A8.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B8.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A8)!=len(B8):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A8,B8,2000)  
  
  
  
  
\#  
workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('2010.xlsx')  
sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
A9=\[\]  
B9=\[\]  
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
A9.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
B9.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
if len(A9)!=len(B9):  
print("False")  
drawBar(A9,B9,2010)  
  
  
  
  
\# \#  
\# workbook=xlrd.open\_workbook('2020.xlsx')  
\# sheet= workbook.sheet\_by\_index(0)  
\# A2=\[\]  
\# B2=\[\]  
\# for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):  
\# A2.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,0))  
\# B2.append(sheet.cell\_value(i,1))  
  
\# if len(A2)!=len(B2):  
\# print("False")  
\# drawBar(A2,B2,2020)  
以上就是python读取excel数据并且画图的实现示例的详细内容