嵌入式Linux--全志V3s--NOR Flash的使用（一）

冷不防 2022-10-27 15:56 2222阅读 0赞

### 目录 ###

*  一、全志V3s简介
 *   *  板子介绍
 *  二、简介
 *   *  1、永远的嵌入式Linux四大件
     *  2、因为选择的存储方式而做的妥协
     *  3、因为芯片公司的原因而需要熟悉的知识
     *  4、用于nor flash的分区配置
 *  三、编译Uboot
 *   *  1、下载uboot源码
     *  2、配置Flash支持型号
     *  3、配置uboot默认环境变量
     *   *  （1）环境命令解析：
         *  （2）启动参数解析
     *  4、安装uboot编译工具
     *  5、编译uboot
     *   *  （1）图形化配置uboot
         *  （2）配置编译设置
         *  （3）编译uboot
 *  四、编译Linux内核
 *   *  1、获得Linux内核源码
     *  2、内核选项配置
     *  3、修改设备树文件
     *  4、编译内核
 *  五、准备烧录文件
 *   *  0、将根文件系统生成jffs2.img
     *   *  （1）安装jffs2文件系统制作工具
         *  （2）生成jffs2.img--JFFS2格式的文件系统
     *  1、打包二进制bin文件包：flashimg.bin
     *   *  （1）16M nor flash打包脚本
         *  （2）32M nor flash打包脚本
         *  （3）打包
 *  六、烧写镜像
 *   *  1、安装sunxi flash烧写工具
     *  2、全志芯片的USB下载模式：fel模式
     *  3、sunxi-fel的操作
     *   *  单独烧录各个部分
 *  最后
 *   *  总结一下流程

# 一、全志V3s简介 #

[SPI Flash 系统编译][SPI Flash]

## 板子介绍 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
 上图使用的是荔枝派 zero 上面焊接了一个 芯天下的Nor Flash型号为：XT25F128B也就是16MByte。

# 二、简介 #

## 1、永远的嵌入式Linux四大件 ##

作为需要运行Linux系统的板子，不管怎么折腾，跑不掉的是几个大件：

*  Uboot文件
 *  Linux Kernel文件
 *  dtb文件
 *  根文件系统文件

就这些！

## 2、因为选择的存储方式而做的妥协 ##

另外还需要知道的知识就是在这里的特殊的存储介质：nor flash，为此需要配置：

*  配置uboot支持nor flash
 *  配置Linux kernel支持nor flash
 *  在设备树中添加nor flash的设备节点
 *  由于nor flash的特殊性需要选择JFFS2格式的文件系统

## 3、因为芯片公司的原因而需要熟悉的知识 ##

剩下就是各个芯片公司的特殊设置（爱好）：

*  启动方式的差别
 *  烧录方式的差别
 *  运行方式的差别
 *  奇葩的某种运行模式

## 4、用于nor flash的分区配置 ##

如上图使用的是：XT25F128B，也就是16MByte NOR Flash作为启动介质，规划分区如下：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>分区序号</th> 
   <th>分区大小</th> 
   <th>分区描述</th> 
   <th>地址空间及分区名</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mtd0</td> 
   <td>1MB</td> 
   <td>spl+uboot</td> 
   <td>0x0000000-0x0100000 : “uboot”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mtd1</td> 
   <td>64KB</td> 
   <td>dtb文件</td> 
   <td>0x0100000-0x0110000: “dtb”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mtd2</td> 
   <td>4MB</td> 
   <td>linux内核</td> 
   <td>0x0110000-0x0510000 : “kernel”</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mtd3</td> 
   <td>10MiB 960KiB</td> 
   <td>根文件系统</td> 
   <td>0x0510000-0x1000000 : “rootfs”</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

# 三、编译Uboot #

由于目前Uboot环境变量固定存放在1MB位置之内，所有留给uboot的空间固定到flash前1MB的位置不变。

每个分区的大小必须是擦除块大小的整数倍，XT25F128B的擦除块大小是64KB。

## 1、下载uboot源码 ##

下载包含spi驱动的体验版本uboot，该驱动目前尚未合并到主线

git clone -b v3s-spi-experimental https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/u-boot.git

## 2、配置Flash支持型号 ##

执行 `make ARCH=arm menuconfig` 打开uboot菜单配置，进入到 Device Drivers ‣ SPI Flash Support

注意看一下自己flash的厂家名称，例如选上Macronix SPI flash support用来支持测试用的flash：XT25F128B。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
 由于XT25F128B这个品牌并没有在上面，所以就使用Macronix 这个牌子试一下。

如果使用的是16MB以上的flash，需要勾选flash bank支持选项，否则最多只能读到16MB： CONFIG\_SPI\_FLASH\_BAR

## 3、配置uboot默认环境变量 ##

在文件 include/configs/sun8i.h 中添加默认bootcmd和bootargs的环境变量设置，注意添加的位置在“ \#include <configs/sunxi-common.h> ”的前边。

源码：vim include/configs/sun8i.h

/* * (C) Copyright 2014 Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org> * * Configuration settings for the Allwinner A23 (sun8i) CPU * * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
    
    #ifndef __CONFIG_H
    #define __CONFIG_H
    
    /* * A23 specific configuration */
    
    #ifdef CONFIG_USB_EHCI
    #define CONFIG_USB_EHCI_SUNXI
    #endif
    
    #ifdef CONFIG_MACH_SUN8I_H3
        #define CONFIG_SUNXI_USB_PHYS 4
    #elif defined CONFIG_MACH_SUN8I_A83T
        #define CONFIG_SUNXI_USB_PHYS 3
    #elif defined CONFIG_MACH_SUN8I_V3S
        #define CONFIG_SUNXI_USB_PHYS 1
    #else
        #define CONFIG_SUNXI_USB_PHYS 2
    #endif
    
    /* * Include common sunxi configuration where most the settings are */
    #include <configs/sunxi-common.h>
    
    #endif /* __CONFIG_H */

添加：

#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "sf probe 0; " \ "sf read 0x41800000 0x100000 0x10000; " \ "sf read 0x41000000 0x110000 0x400000; " \ "bootz 0x41000000 - 0x41800000"
    
     #define CONFIG_BOOTARGS "console=ttyS0,115200 earlyprintk panic=5 rootwait " \ "mtdparts=spi32766.0:1M(uboot)ro,64k(dtb)ro,4M(kernel)ro,-(rootfs) root=31:03 rw rootfstype=jffs2"

修改后：注意添加的位置在“ \#include <configs/sunxi-common.h> ”的前边。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]

### （1）环境命令解析： ###

*  `sf probe 0;` //初始化Flash设备（CS拉低）
 *  `sf read 0x41800000 0x100000 0x10000;` //从flash0x100000（1MB）位置读取dtb放到内存0x41800000偏移处。 //如果是bsp的bin，则是0x41d00000
 *  `sf read 0x41000000 0x110000 0x400000;` //从flash0x110000（1MB+64KB）位置读取dtb放到内存0x41000000偏移处。
 *  `bootz 0x41000000 （内核地址）- 0x41800000（dtb地址）` 启动内核

### （2）启动参数解析 ###

*  `console=ttyS0,115200 earlyprintk panic=5 rootwait` //在串口0上输出信息
 *  `mtdparts=spi32766.0:1M(uboot)ro,64k(dtb)ro,4M(kernel)ro,-(rootfs) root=31:03 rw rootfstype=jffs2` //spi32766.0是设备名，后面是分区大小，名字，读写属性。
 *  `root=31:03`表示根文件系统是mtd3；jffs2格式

## 4、安装uboot编译工具 ##

*  交叉编译器：`gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf`
 *  dtc编译器：`device-tree-compiler`

安装交叉编译器

wget https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/latest/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
    tar xvf gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
    mv gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf /opt/
    vim /etc/bash.bashrc
    # add: PATH="$PATH:/opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin"
    source /etc/bash.bashrc
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v

安装dtc编译器：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/u-boot$ sudo apt-get install device-tree-compiler
    [sudo] liefyuan 的密码： 
    正在读取软件包列表... 完成
    正在分析软件包的依赖关系树       
    正在读取状态信息... 完成       
    下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了：
      linux-headers-4.15.0-112 linux-headers-4.15.0-112-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-118 linux-headers-4.15.0-118-generic
      linux-headers-4.15.0-120 linux-headers-4.15.0-120-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-45 linux-headers-4.15.0-45-generic
      linux-image-4.15.0-112-generic linux-image-4.15.0-118-generic linux-image-4.15.0-120-generic linux-image-4.15.0-45-generic
      linux-modules-4.15.0-112-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-118-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-120-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-45-generic
      linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-112-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-118-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-120-generic
      linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-45-generic
    使用'sudo apt autoremove'来卸载它(它们)。
    下列【新】软件包将被安装：
      device-tree-compiler
    升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 1 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 134 个软件包未被升级。
    需要下载 356 kB 的归档。
    解压缩后会消耗 522 kB 的额外空间。
    获取:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 device-tree-compiler amd64 1.4.0+dfsg-2 [356 kB]
    已下载 356 kB，耗时 2秒 (127 kB/s)             
    正在选中未选择的软件包 device-tree-compiler。
    (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 364901 个文件和目录。)
    正准备解包 .../device-tree-compiler_1.4.0+dfsg-2_amd64.deb  ...
    正在解包 device-tree-compiler (1.4.0+dfsg-2) ...
    正在处理用于 doc-base (0.10.7) 的触发器 ...
    Processing 2 added doc-base files...
    正在处理用于 man-db (2.7.5-1) 的触发器 ...
    正在设置 device-tree-compiler (1.4.0+dfsg-2) ...

## 5、编译uboot ##

*  图形化配置uboot：`make ARCH=arm menuconfig`
 *  配置编译文件(我的屏幕是5寸)：`make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- LicheePi_Zero_800x480LCD_defconfig`
    
     *  其他选项：`make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- LicheePi_Zero480x272LCD_defconfig`
     *  其他选项：`make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- LicheePi_Zero_defconfig`
 *  编译：`time make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- 2>&1 | tee build.log`

会在目录下生成 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin

### （1）图形化配置uboot ###

参考上面：**配置Flash支持型号**

### （2）配置编译设置 ###

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/u-boot$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- LicheePi_Zero_800x480LCD_defconfig
      HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
      HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
      HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
      HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf
    #
    # configuration written to .config
    #

### （3）编译uboot ###

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/u-boot$ time make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- 2>&1 | tee build.log
    scripts/kconfig/conf  --silentoldconfig Kconfig
      CHK     include/config.h
      CFG     u-boot.cfg
      GEN     include/autoconf.mk
      GEN     include/autoconf.mk.dep
      CFG     spl/u-boot.cfg
      GEN     spl/include/autoconf.mk
      CHK     include/config/uboot.release
      CHK     include/generated/version_autogenerated.h
      CHK     include/generated/timestamp_autogenerated.h
      UPD     include/generated/timestamp_autogenerated.h
      CC      lib/asm-offsets.s
      CHK     include/generated/generic-asm-offsets.h
      CC      arch/arm/lib/asm-offsets.s
      CHK     include/generated/asm-offsets.h
      ...
      LD      spl/drivers/built-in.o
      LD      spl/dts/built-in.o
      LD      spl/fs/built-in.o
      LDS     spl/u-boot-spl.lds
      LD      spl/u-boot-spl
      OBJCOPY spl/u-boot-spl-nodtb.bin
      COPY    spl/u-boot-spl.bin
      MKSUNXI spl/sunxi-spl.bin
      OBJCOPY u-boot-nodtb.bin
      CAT     u-boot-dtb.bin
      COPY    u-boot.bin
      MKIMAGE u-boot.img
      COPY    u-boot.dtb
      BINMAN  u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
      OBJCOPY u-boot.srec
      SYM     u-boot.sym
      MKIMAGE u-boot-dtb.img
    ./scripts/check-config.sh u-boot.cfg \
    	./scripts/config_whitelist.txt . 1>&2
    
    real	0m21.078s
    user	0m18.389s
    sys	0m3.741s

**编译成功！  
会在目录下生成 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin**

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/u-boot$ ll
    总用量 6840
    drwxrwxr-x  24 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 ./
    drwxrwxr-x   4 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:35 ../
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 api/
    drwxrwxr-x  18 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 arch/
    drwxrwxr-x 223 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 board/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   18009 Feb  6 12:07 build.log
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     610 Feb  5 23:47 .checkpatch.conf
    drwxrwxr-x   4 liefyuan liefyuan   12288 Feb  6 12:07 cmd/
    drwxrwxr-x   5 liefyuan liefyuan   12288 Feb  6 12:07 common/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   19589 Feb  6 12:07 .config
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    2260 Feb  5 23:47 config.mk
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   19513 Feb  6 11:52 .config.old
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan   69632 Feb  5 23:47 configs/
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 disk/
    drwxrwxr-x   9 liefyuan liefyuan   12288 Feb  5 23:47 doc/
    drwxrwxr-x  51 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 drivers/
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 dts/
    drwxrwxr-x   4 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 examples/
    drwxrwxr-x  12 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 fs/
    drwxrwxr-x   8 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 .git/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     825 Feb  5 23:47 .gitignore
    drwxrwxr-x  31 liefyuan liefyuan   12288 Feb  6 12:07 include/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    1863 Feb  5 23:47 Kbuild
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   11544 Feb  5 23:47 Kconfig
    drwxrwxr-x  12 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 lib/
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 Licenses/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    1323 Feb  5 23:47 .mailmap
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   11770 Feb  5 23:47 MAINTAINERS
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   53473 Feb  5 23:47 Makefile
    drwxrwxr-x   2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 net/
    drwxrwxr-x   6 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 post/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  223798 Feb  5 23:47 README
    drwxrwxr-x   5 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  5 23:47 scripts/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan      17 Feb  5 23:47 snapshot.commit
    drwxrwxr-x  12 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 spl/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   56079 Feb  6 12:07 System.map
    drwxrwxr-x  10 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 test/
    drwxrwxr-x  16 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  6 12:07 tools/
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    9716 Feb  5 23:47 .travis.yml
    -rwxrwxr-x   1 liefyuan liefyuan 2278009 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot*
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  386498 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.bin
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan      47 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.bin.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   10321 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.cfg
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    6092 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.cfg.configs
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    1389 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    7210 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.dtb
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  386498 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-dtb.bin
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan      71 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot-dtb.bin.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  386562 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-dtb.img
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     196 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot-dtb.img.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  386562 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.img
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     188 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.img.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan    1673 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.lds
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan   13291 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.lds.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  424286 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.map
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  379288 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-nodtb.bin
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     258 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot-nodtb.bin.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan 1137954 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.srec
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     245 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.srec.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  419330 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan     114 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin.cmd
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan  112561 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot.sym
    -rw-rw-r--   1 liefyuan liefyuan      69 Feb  6 12:07 .u-boot.sym.cmd

# 四、编译Linux内核 #

一般的流程为：

*  安装好交叉编译环境（和Uboot）
 *  下载好内核源码
 *  修改内核编译配置文件
 *  修改设备树文件
 *  编译内核文件和设备树文件

## 1、获得Linux内核源码 ##

linux内核基于github上的版本https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/linux.git，分支为最新的zero-4.13.y

(默认是zero-4.10.y分支)：

git clone https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/linux.git

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s$ git clone https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/linux.git
    正克隆到 'linux'...
    remote: Enumerating objects: 6883668, done.
    remote: Total 6883668 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 6883668
    接收对象中: 100% (6883668/6883668), 2.54 GiB | 1.07 MiB/s, 完成.
    处理 delta 中: 100% (5696573/5696573), 完成.
    检查连接... 完成。
    正在检出文件: 100% (57213/57213), 完成.

下载得有点慢！

## 2、内核选项配置 ##

执行 `make ARCH=arm menuconfig` 打开内核菜单配置，  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]

进入到 Device Drivers ‣ Memory Technology Device (MTD) support ，

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]

确保选择上mtd的`<*> Command line partition table parsing` 支持，该项目用来解析uboot传递过来的flash分区信息；以及SPI-NOR 设备的支持。

添加对jffs2文件系统的支持，路径在 File systems ‣ Miscellaneous filesystems ‣ Journalling Flash File System v2 (JFFS2) support如下：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]

## 3、修改设备树文件 ##

修改dts配置添加spi flash节点

vi arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dts

源文件：sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dts

/*
     pi节点配置: Copyright (C) 2016 Icenowy Zheng <icenowy@aosc.xyz>
     *
     * This file is dual-licensed: you can use it either under the terms
     * of the GPL or the X11 license, at your option. Note that this dual
     * licensing only applies to this file, and not this project as a
     * whole.
     *
     *  a) This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
     *     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
     *     published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
     *     License, or (at your option) any later version.
     *
     *     This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     *     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     *     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     *     GNU General Public License for more details.
     *
     * Or, alternatively,
     *
     *  b) Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
     *     obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
     *     files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
     *     restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
     *     copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
     *     sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
     *     Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
     *     conditions:
     *
     *     The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
     *     included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
     *
     *     THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
     *     EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
     *     OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
     *     NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
     *     HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
     *     WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
     *     FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
     *     OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
     */
    
    /dts-v1/;
    #include "sun8i-v3s.dtsi"
    #include "sunxi-common-regulators.dtsi"
    
    / { 
        model = "Lichee Pi Zero";
        compatible = "licheepi,licheepi-zero", "allwinner,sun8i-v3s";
    
        aliases { 
            serial0 = &uart0;
        };
    
        chosen { 
            stdout-path = "serial0:115200n8";
        };
    };
    
    &mmc0 { 
        pinctrl-0 = <&mmc0_pins_a>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        broken-cd;
        bus-width = <4>;
        vmmc-supply = <&reg_vcc3v3>;
        status = "okay";
    };
    
    &i2c0 { 
        status = "okay";
    
        ns2009: ns2009@48 { 
            compatible = "nsiway,ns2009";
            reg = <0x48>;
        };
    };
    
    &uart0 { 
        pinctrl-0 = <&uart0_pins_a>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        status = "okay";
    };
    
    &usb_otg { 
        dr_mode = "otg";
        status = "okay";
    };
    
    &usbphy { 
        usb0_id_det-gpio = <&pio 5 6 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
        status = "okay";
    };

添加spi节点配置:

&spi0 { 
            status ="okay";
    
            xt25f128b:xt25f128b@0 { 
                    compatible = "jedec,spi-nor";
                    reg = <0x0>;
                    spi-max-frequency = <50000000>;
                    #address-cells = <1>;
                    #size-cells = <1>;
            };
    
    };

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 9]

这里的flash型号需要在下表之中，否则将无法识别：（注意容量也一定要对应）

static const struct spi_device_id m25p_ids[] = { 
            /* * Allow non-DT platform devices to bind to the "spi-nor" modalias, and * hack around the fact that the SPI core does not provide uevent * matching for .of_match_table */
            { "spi-nor"},
    
            /* * Entries not used in DTs that should be safe to drop after replacing * them with "spi-nor" in platform data. */
            { "s25sl064a"},  { "w25x16"},     { "m25p10"},     { "m25px64"},
    
            /* * Entries that were used in DTs without "jedec,spi-nor" fallback and * should be kept for backward compatibility. */
            { "at25df321a"}, { "at25df641"},  { "at26df081a"},
            { "mx25l4005a"}, { "mx25l1606e"}, { "mx25l6405d"}, { "mx25l12805d"},
            { "mx25l25635e"},{ "mx66l51235l"},
            { "n25q064"},    { "n25q128a11"}, { "n25q128a13"}, { "n25q512a"},
            { "s25fl256s1"}, { "s25fl512s"},  { "s25sl12801"}, { "s25fl008k"},
            { "s25fl064k"},
            { "sst25vf040b"},{ "sst25vf016b"},{ "sst25vf032b"},{ "sst25wf040"},
            { "m25p40"},     { "m25p80"},     { "m25p16"},     { "m25p32"},
            { "m25p64"},     { "m25p128"},
            { "w25x80"},     { "w25x32"},     { "w25q32"},     { "w25q32dw"},
            { "w25q80bl"},   { "w25q128"},    { "w25q256"},
    
            /* Flashes that can't be detected using JEDEC */
            { "m25p05-nonjedec"},    { "m25p10-nonjedec"},    { "m25p20-nonjedec"},
            { "m25p40-nonjedec"},    { "m25p80-nonjedec"},    { "m25p16-nonjedec"},
            { "m25p32-nonjedec"},    { "m25p64-nonjedec"},    { "m25p128-nonjedec"},
    
            /* Everspin MRAMs (non-JEDEC) */
            {  "mr25h256" }, /* 256 Kib, 40 MHz */
            {  "mr25h10" },  /* 1 Mib, 40 MHz */
            {  "mr25h40" },  /* 4 Mib, 40 MHz */
    
            {  },
    };

## 4、编译内核 ##

退出菜单配置并编译内核和dts

make ARCH=arm licheepi_zero_defconfig

**血的教训！，上面那句不要运行，否则你前面图形化配置的参数就都清零了！！！！！2021年5月24日01:45:13**

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- -j16
    
    make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- dtbs

编译内核成功之后会显示如下信息：`Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready`

SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt_ro.c
      SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt_wip.c
      SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt.c
      CC      arch/arm/boot/compressed/atags_to_fdt.o
      SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.S
      LD [M]  drivers/video/backlight/lcd.ko
      SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/ashldi3.S
      LD [M]  crypto/echainiv.ko
      SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/bswapsdi2.S
      AS      arch/arm/boot/compressed/hyp-stub.o
      CC      arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt_rw.o
      CC      arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt_ro.o
      CC      arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt_wip.o
      CC      arch/arm/boot/compressed/fdt.o
      AS      arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.o
      AS      arch/arm/boot/compressed/ashldi3.o
      AS      arch/arm/boot/compressed/bswapsdi2.o
      AS      arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.o
      LD      arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux
      OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/zImage
      Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready

编译设备树文件

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/linux$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- dtbs
      CHK     include/config/kernel.release
      CHK     include/generated/uapi/linux/version.h
      CHK     include/generated/utsrelease.h
      CHK     include/generated/bounds.h
      CHK     include/generated/timeconst.h
      CHK     include/generated/asm-offsets.h
      CALL    scripts/checksyscalls.sh
      DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb
      DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero-dock.dtb

编译完成后，

*  zImage在`arch/arm/boot/`
 *  dtb文件在`arch/arm/boot/dts/`

# 五、准备烧录文件 #

## 0、将根文件系统生成jffs2.img ##

使用使用各种文件系统生成工具生成的文件系统文件一般都类似是：`rootfs.tar.gz`的压缩包文件，这个是无法没有办法适应nor flash的需要使用转换的工具软件转成类似`jffs2.img`的文件。

### （1）安装jffs2文件系统制作工具 ###

sudo apt-get install mtd-utils

### （2）生成jffs2.img–JFFS2格式的文件系统 ###

目标文件：rootfs-brmin.tar.gz

先将rootfs-brmin.tar.gz解压出来

tar xzvf rootfs-brmin.tar.gz

使用命令生成：  
这里使用的是16M的flash所以`-p`后面需要填的值即文件系统的空间为：16M-1M-64K-4M=0xAF 0000

mkfs.jffs2 -s 0x100 -e 0x10000 -p 0xAF0000 -d rootfs-brmin/ -o jffs2.img

*  `-s` 页大小0x100 即：256Byte （这句可以不写 2021年5月24日01:45:43）
 *  `-e`块大小0x10000 即：64KByte （这句可以不写 2021年5月24日01:45:54）
 *  `-p` 十六进制表示输出的文件大小即文件系统的大小
 *  `-d` 要做成img的源文件夹
 *  jffs2分区总空间0xAF0000 即：10MB 又 960KB
 *  jffs2.img是生成的文件系统镜像。

运行以后，本目录下就出现了一个jffs2.img文件，

-rw-r--r--  1 liefyuan liefyuan    3080192 Feb  7 00:17 jffs2.img

## 1、打包二进制bin文件包：flashimg.bin ##

*  第一步： 生成一个空文件名字为`flashimg.bin`，大小是32MB或者是16MB
 *  第二步： 将uboot添加到文件开头
 *  第三步： 将dtb放到1M偏移处
 *  第四步： 将kernel放到1M+64K偏移处
 *  第五步： 将rootfs放到1M+64K+4M偏移处

偏移大小是seek，单位是KB。

执行完毕后生成镜像文件 flashimg.bin

将所有的东西放到一起打包如下：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ ll
    总用量 7156
    drwxrwxr-x 2 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  7 00:30 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 7 liefyuan liefyuan    4096 Feb  7 00:30 ../
    -rw-r--r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan 3080192 Feb  7 00:17 jffs2.img
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan    8711 Feb  6 15:02 sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan  419330 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
    -rwxrwxr-x 1 liefyuan liefyuan 3802040 Feb  6 15:03 zImage*

### （1）16M nor flash打包脚本 ###

以16M 大小flash镜像打包脚本为例：

#!/bin/sh
    dd if=/dev/zero of=flashimg.bin bs=1M count=16 &&\
    dd if=$YOUR_UBOOT_FILE of=flashimg.bin bs=1K conv=notrunc &&\
    dd if=$YOUR_DTB_FILE of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1024  conv=notrunc &&\
    dd if=$YOUR_KERNEL_FILE of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1088  conv=notrunc &&\
    mkdir rootfs
    tar -xzvf $YOUR_ROOTFS_FILE -C ./rootfs &&\
    cp -r $YOUR_MOD_FILE  rootfs/lib/modules/ &&\
    # 为根文件系统制作jffs2镜像包
    # --pad参数指定 jffs2大小
    # 由此计算得到 0x1000000(16M)-0x10000(64K)-0x100000(1M)-0x400000(4M)=0xAF0000
    mkfs.jffs2 -s 0x100 -e 0x10000 --pad=0xAF0000 -d rootfs/ -o jffs2.img &&\
    dd if=jffs2.img of=$YOUR_IMG_FILE  bs=1K seek=5184  conv=notrunc &&\

(16M就用这个！使用的！)修改一下（上一步已经生成了jffs2.img）：

#!/bin/sh
    dd if=/dev/zero of=flashimg.bin bs=1M count=16
    dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=flashimg.bin bs=1K conv=notrunc
    dd if=sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1024  conv=notrunc
    dd if=zImage of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1088  conv=notrunc
    dd if=jffs2.img of=flashimg.bin  bs=1K seek=5184  conv=notrunc

### （2）32M nor flash打包脚本 ###

#!/bin/sh
    dd if=/dev/zero of=flashimg.bin bs=1M count=$1
    dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl-$2.bin of=flashimg.bin bs=1K conv=notrunc
    dd if=sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero-$2.dtb of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1024  conv=notrunc
    dd if=zImage of=flashimg.bin bs=1K seek=1088  conv=notrunc
    dd if=jffs2.img of=flashimg.bin  bs=1K seek=5184  conv=notrunc

### （3）打包 ###

pakage.sh

运行打包脚本：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ chmod 777 pakage.sh
    liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ ./pakage.sh
    记录了16+0 的读入
    记录了16+0 的写出
    16777216 bytes (17 MB, 16 MiB) copied, 0.00791897 s, 2.1 GB/s
    记录了409+1 的读入
    记录了409+1 的写出
    419330 bytes (419 kB, 410 KiB) copied, 0.000480938 s, 872 MB/s
    记录了8+1 的读入
    记录了8+1 的写出
    8711 bytes (8.7 kB, 8.5 KiB) copied, 0.00011538 s, 75.5 MB/s
    记录了3712+1 的读入
    记录了3712+1 的写出
    3802040 bytes (3.8 MB, 3.6 MiB) copied, 0.00356593 s, 1.1 GB/s
    记录了3008+0 的读入
    记录了3008+0 的写出
    3080192 bytes (3.1 MB, 2.9 MiB) copied, 0.00280064 s, 1.1 GB/s

可以看到打包好的文件已经出来了：`flashimg.bin`数据大小正好是16MByte!

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ ll
    总用量 23544
    drwxrwxr-x 2 liefyuan liefyuan     4096 Feb  7 00:35 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 7 liefyuan liefyuan     4096 Feb  7 00:30 ../
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan 16777216 Feb  7 00:35 flashimg.bin
    -rw-r--r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan  3080192 Feb  7 00:17 jffs2.img
    -rwxrwxrwx 1 liefyuan liefyuan      327 Feb  7 00:33 pakage.sh*
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan     8711 Feb  6 15:02 sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 liefyuan liefyuan   419330 Feb  6 12:07 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
    -rwxrwxr-x 1 liefyuan liefyuan  3802040 Feb  6 15:03 zImage*

# 六、烧写镜像 #

## 1、安装sunxi flash烧写工具 ##

**clone代码**

git clone -b spi-rebase https://github.com/Icenowy/sunxi-tools.git

进入工具目录执行 `make && sudo make install`

如果出现：`fel_lib.c:26:20: fatal error: libusb.h: No such file or directory`，那需要安装libusb：

sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev

然后再安装就好了：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/sunxi-tools$ make && sudo make install
    cc -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -Iinclude/  `pkg-config --cflags libusb-1.0`  -o sunxi-fel fel.c progress.c soc_info.c fel_lib.c fel-spiflash.c  `pkg-config --libs libusb-1.0`
    cc -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -Iinclude/  -c -o nand-part-main.o nand-part-main.c
    cc -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -Iinclude/  -c -o nand-part-a10.o nand-part.c -D A10
    cc -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -Iinclude/  -c -o nand-part-a20.o nand-part.c -D A20
    cc  -o sunxi-nand-part nand-part-main.o nand-part-a10.o nand-part-a20.o 
    cc -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -Iinclude/   -o sunxi-pio pio.c 
    ln -nsf sunxi-fexc bin2fex
    ln -nsf sunxi-fexc fex2bin
    install -d /usr/local/bin
    + install -m0755 sunxi-fexc /usr/local/bin/sunxi-fexc
    + install -m0755 sunxi-bootinfo /usr/local/bin/sunxi-bootinfo
    + install -m0755 sunxi-fel /usr/local/bin/sunxi-fel
    + install -m0755 sunxi-nand-part /usr/local/bin/sunxi-nand-part
    + install -m0755 sunxi-pio /usr/local/bin/sunxi-pio
    + ln -nfs sunxi-fexc /usr/local/bin/bin2fex
    + ln -nfs sunxi-fexc /usr/local/bin/fex2bin

## 2、全志芯片的USB下载模式：fel模式 ##

全志芯片的启动很有特点的，有一个usb下载模式称为fel模式：

*  **TF卡和spi flash 同时没有可启动镜像**
    
     *  也就是说你不插卡，且焊接的是新的或者没有有效镜像的spi flash，那就上电自动进入fel下载模式。
 *  **TF卡中有进入fel模式的特殊固件 fel-sdboot.sunxi**
    
     *  如果你的spi flash已经有了启动镜像，那么需要在TF卡中烧入一个sunxi提供的 启动工具 （ dd if=fel-sdboot.sunxi of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 seek=8 ）， 那么插入该TF卡启动会进入fel模式；
 *  **上电时SPI\_MISO拉低到地**
    
     *  该引脚为boot引脚，上电时出于低电平即会进入fel下载模式。

满足上面三个条件就可以进入fel模式了

## 3、sunxi-fel的操作 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 10]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 11]  
 进入fel模式后使用USB数据线连接PC和zero开发板，即可进行操作。

sudo sunxi-fel version              #查看连接的cpu信息
    AWUSBFEX soc=00001681(V3s) 00000001 ver=0001 44 08 scratchpad=00007e00 00000000 00000000
    sudo sunxi-fel spiflash-info        #显示flash信息
    Manufacturer: Unknown (C2h), model: 20h, size: 33554432 bytes.

插上电USB，选择连接到虚拟机，然后就可以在命令行里面操作了，我的实际操作：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ sudo sunxi-fel version
    AWUSBFEX soc=00001681(V3s) 00000001 ver=0001 44 08 scratchpad=00007e00 00000000 00000000
    liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ sudo sunxi-fel spiflash-info
    Manufacturer: Unknown (0Bh), model: 40h, size: 16777216 bytes.

烧录过程可以直接烧录到RAM中去执行

sudo sunxi-fel -p write 0x40000000 xboot.bin
    sudo sunxi-fel exec 0x40000000

执行如下命令烧入我们前边制作好的镜像文件

sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0 flashimg.bin
    # -p 显示进度条
    # spiflash-info Retrieves basic information
    # spiflash-hex[dump] addr length Dumps SPI flash region in hex
    # spiflash-read addr length file Write SPI flash contents into file
    # spiflash-write addr file Store file contents into SPI flash

实际操作：

liefyuan@ubuntu:~/allwinner/v3s/version0.1$ sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0 flashimg.bin
    100% [================================================] 16777 kB,   82.3 kB/s

在虚拟机的命令行里面烧录还是很方便的，有点像单片机的更新程序。

### 单独烧录各个部分 ###

当然也是可以单独烧录的：

sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0x0 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
    sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0x100000 sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero-dock.dtb
    sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0x110000 zImage
    sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0x510000 jffs2.img

# 最后 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI4ODc3MTI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 12]串口信息没有打印，但是屏幕是驱动了的。

## 总结一下流程 ##

附录：sunxi-fel帮助说明

sunxi-fel v1.4.1-87-g78a7566
    
    Usage: sunxi-fel [options] command arguments... [command...]
        -h, --help                      Print this usage summary and exit
        -v, --verbose                   Verbose logging
        -p, --progress                  "write" transfers show a progress bar
        -l, --list                      Enumerate all (USB) FEL devices and exit
        -d, --dev bus:devnum            Use specific USB bus and device number
            --sid SID                   Select device by SID key (exact match)
    
        spl file                        Load and execute U-Boot SPL
            If file additionally contains a main U-Boot binary
            (u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin), this command also transfers that
            to memory (default address from image), but won't execute it. uboot file-with-spl like "spl", but actually starts U-Boot U-Boot execution will take place when the fel utility exits. This allows combining "uboot" with further "write" commands (to transfer other files needed for the boot). hex[dump] address length Dumps memory region in hex dump address length Binary memory dump exe[cute] address Call function address reset64 address RMR request for AArch64 warm boot memmove dest source size Copy <size> bytes within device memory readl address Read 32-bit value from device memory writel address value Write 32-bit value to device memory read address length file Write memory contents into file write address file Store file contents into memory write-with-progress addr file "write" with progress bar write-with-gauge addr file Output progress for "dialog --gauge" write-with-xgauge addr file Extended gauge output (updates prompt) multi[write] # addr file ... "write-with-progress" multiple files, sharing a common progress status multi[write]-with-gauge ... like their "write-with-*" counterpart, multi[write]-with-xgauge ... but following the 'multi' syntax:
                        <#> addr file [addr file [...]]
        echo-gauge "some text"          Update prompt/caption for gauge output
        ver[sion]                       Show BROM version
        sid                             Retrieve and output 128-bit SID key
        clear address length            Clear memory
        fill address length value       Fill memory
        spiflash-info                   Retrieves basic information
        spiflash-hex[dump] addr length  Dumps SPI flash region in hex
        spiflash-read addr length file  Write SPI flash contents into file
        spiflash-write addr file        Store file contents into SPI flash

[SPI Flash]: http://zero.lichee.pro/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/SPI_flash_build.html
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