Centos7下Mysql的安装与使用（.gz版）

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-10-26 14:20 179阅读 0赞

### 1、下载mysql安装包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html\#downloads ###

mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz

### 2、上传到服务器解压安装 ###

解压：  
`tar -xvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz`  
移动到安装目录并重命名一下：  
`mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /apps/software/mysql`

### 3、创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限 ###

groupadd mysql  
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

创建数据目录并赋予权限  
`mkdir -p /apps/software/data/mysql` \#创建目录  
`chown mysql:mysql -R /apps/software/data/mysql` \#赋予权限

### 3、配置my.cnf ###

`vim /etc/my.cnf`

[mysqld]
    bind-address=0.0.0.0
    port=3306
    user=mysql
    basedir=/apps/software/mysql
    datadir=/apps/software/data/mysql
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    log-error=/apps/software/data/mysql/mysql.err
    pid-file=/apps/software/data/mysql/mysql.pid
    #character config
    character_set_server=utf8mb4
    symbolic-links=0
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
    max_connections=300
    sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
    
    
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

### 4、初始化数据库 ###

`cd /apps/software/mysql/bin`  
初始化：  
`./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/apps/software/mysql/ --datadir=/apps/software/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize`  
查看密码:  
`cat /apps/software/data/mysql/mysql.err`  
\[Note\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K4zm(-gyCpwp

5、启动mysql，并更改root 密码  
`cp /apps/software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql`

启动：  
`service mysql start`  
`ps -ef|grep mysql`

改密码：  
`cd /apps/software/mysql/bin`  
`./mysql -u root -p` \#bin目录下

K4zm(-gyCpwp

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建远程登录账号：  
`CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';`  
授权:  
`GRANT privileges ON *.* TO 'test'@'%'`

创建用户同时授权  
`grant all privileges on *.* to 'test'@'%' identified by '123456';`

`flush privileges;`

如果不希望每次都到bin目录下使用mysql命令则执行以下命令：  
`ln -s /apps/software/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin`