Fragivity如何处理BackStack的销毁重建

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-10-26 04:00 93阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][20210201202255939.png]

> [**Fragivity**][Fragivity]是一个基于Fragment打造的单Activity框架。

# 销毁重建的问题 #

--------------------

Fragivity在Navigation基础上实现了免配置的路由跳转：无需事先配置NavGraph，在跳转时再动态更新Graph，这在方便了使用的同时带来一个问题：

## FragmentManager\#mBackStack ##

`FragmentManger`一样维护了一个`mBackStack`，当Activity恢复重建时，会对BackStack重建以恢复之前的栈状态

//FragmentManager.java
     void restoreSaveState(@Nullable Parcelable state) { 
            // If there is no saved state at all, then there's nothing else to do
            if (state == null) return;
            FragmentManagerState fms = (FragmentManagerState) state;
            if (fms.mActive == null) return;
    	
    		...
    		
            // Build the back stack.
            if (fms.mBackStack != null) { 
                mBackStack = new ArrayList<>(fms.mBackStack.length);
                for (int i = 0; i < fms.mBackStack.length; i++) { 
                    BackStackRecord bse = fms.mBackStack[i].instantiate(this);
                    mBackStack.add(bse);
                }
            } 
            
            ...
        }

## NavController\#mBackStack ##

Navigation在`NavController`中同样维护了一个`mBackStack`，管理栈内的Destination。为了保证与FragmentManager中的BackStack一致性，NavController借助`mBackStackToRestore`销毁重建

//NavController.java
        public void restoreState(@Nullable Bundle navState) { 
    		...
            mBackStackToRestore = navState.getParcelableArray(KEY_BACK_STACK);
    		...
        }

//NavController.java
     private void onGraphCreated(@Nullable Bundle startDestinationArgs) { 
          	...
            if (mBackStackToRestore != null) { 
                for (Parcelable parcelable : mBackStackToRestore) { 
                    NavBackStackEntryState state = (NavBackStackEntryState) parcelable;
                    NavDestination node = findDestination(state.getDestinationId());
                    if (node == null) { 
                        ...
                    }
                    Bundle args = state.getArgs();
                    if (args != null) { 
                        args.setClassLoader(mContext.getClassLoader());
                    }
                    NavBackStackEntry entry = new NavBackStackEntry(mContext, node, args,
                            mLifecycleOwner, mViewModel,
                            state.getUUID(), state.getSavedState());
                    mBackStack.add(entry);
                }
            }
            ...
        }

如上，恢复重建时需要根据state信息重建Destination

NavDestination node = findDestination(state.getDestinationId());

findDestination内部需要在NavGraph查询节点信息。对于Navigation来说，因为有实现配置，Activity重启后会根据Xml或者Dsl重建Graph，但是对于Fragivity来说，Graph是动态更新的，此时无法成功findDestination。

# 使用ViewModel保存Destination #

--------------------

Activity重启时，我们需要在Graph中能找到所有BackStack重建必要的Destination信息。我们需要将入栈的Destination信息保存到重建后并恢复到Graph中，很自然的想到使用ViewModel跨越Framgent生命周期的特性来实现。

internal class MyViewModel : ViewModel() { 
        val nodes = SparseArrayCompat<NavDestination>()
    }
    
    class MyNavHost : NavHost { 
    
    	...
    	internal fun saveToViewModel(destination: NavDestination) { 
        	val vm = ViewModelProvider(requireActivity())[MyViewModel::class.java]
        	if (vm.nodes.keyIterator().asSequence().any { 
                it == destination.id
            }) return
       	 vm.nodes.put(destination.id, destination)
    	}
    	...
    }

Fragment压栈的同时记录到ViewModel

internal fun MyNavHost.putFragment(
        clazz: KClass<out Fragment>
    ): FragmentNavigator.Destination { 
        val destId = clazz.hashCode()
        val graph = navController.graph
        var destination = graph.findNode(destId) as? FragmentNavigator.Destination
        if (destination == null) { 
            destination = navController.createNavDestination(destId, clazz)
            graph.plusAssign(destination)
            saveToViewModel(destination)
        }
        return destination
    }

当恢复重建时，从ViewModel恢复Destination信息到Graph

fun NavHostFragment.loadRoot(root: KClass<out Fragment>) { 
    	...
    	 graph = createGraph(startDestination = startDestId) { 
    	 	...
    	 }.also {  graph ->
    			//restore destination from vm for NavController#mBackStackToRestore
                val activity = requireActivity()
                val vm = ViewModelProvider(activity ).get(MyViewModel::class.java)
                vm.nodes.valueIterator().forEach { 
                    it.removeFromParent()
                    graph += it
                }
    	}
    
    }

# ViewModel持久化 #

--------------------

通过ViewModel虽然可以解决`Configurations Change`之后的销毁重建，但是对于进程被杀的销毁重建仍然无效。例如[https://github.com/vitaviva/fragivity/issues/9][https_github.com_vitaviva_fragivity_issues_9]

跨进程保存需要借助ViewModel的持久化机制，改造如下：

internal class MyViewModel(private val _handle: SavedStateHandle) : ViewModel() { 
    
        lateinit var navController: NavController
    
        val nodes by lazy { 
            val list: List<NavDestinationBundle> =
                _handle.get<Bundle>(NAV_DEST_NODES_KEY)?.getParcelableArrayList(null) ?: emptyList()
    
            val nodes = SparseArrayCompat<NavDestination>()
            list.forEach { 
                val clazz = Class.forName(it.className) as Class<Fragment>
                val destination = navController.createNavDestination(clazz.hashCode(), clazz.kotlin)
                nodes.put(destination.id, destination)
            }
            nodes
        }
    
        init { 
            /** * 当杀进程重启（例如不保留活动等）时，NavGraph中的nodes信息也需要重建， * 所以需要借助SavedStateHandle对ViewModel数据持久化 */
            _handle.setSavedStateProvider(NAV_DEST_NODES_KEY) { 
                val list = ArrayList<NavDestinationBundle>().apply { 
                    nodes.valueIterator().forEach {  add(NavDestinationBundle((it))) }
                }
                Bundle().apply {  putParcelableArrayList(null, list) }
            }
        }
    
    }

然后借助`SavedStateViewModelFactory`从ViewModel恢复持久化信息

fun NavHostFragment.loadRoot(root: KClass<out Fragment>) { 
    	...
    	 graph = createGraph(startDestination = startDestId) { 
    	 	...
    	 }.also {  graph ->
    			//restore destination from vm for NavController#mBackStackToRestore
                val activity = requireActivity()
                val vm = ViewModelProvider(
                    activity,
                    SavedStateViewModelFactory(activity.application, activity)
                ).get(MyViewModel::class.java).also { 
                    it.navController = this
                }
                vm.nodes.valueIterator().forEach { 
                    it.removeFromParent()
                    graph += it
                }
    	}
    
    }

[20210201202255939.png]: /images/20221024/1fc09286f2de48a5995911e311fb60eb.png
[Fragivity]: https://blog.csdn.net/vitaviva/article/details/110729121
[https_github.com_vitaviva_fragivity_issues_9]: https://github.com/vitaviva/fragivity/issues/9