SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图（完整代码演示）

短命女 2022-10-25 12:46 151阅读 0赞

### 响应数据和结果视图 ###

*  代码目录结构
 *  返回值分类
 *   *  字符串
     *  void
     *  ModelAndView
 *  转发和重定向
 *  ResponseBody响应json数据

# 代码目录结构 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**User类：**

package com.Keafmd.domain;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: User * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:59 */
    public class User implements Serializable { 
        private String username;
        private String password;
        private Integer age;
    
        public String getUsername() { 
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) { 
            this.username = username;
        }
    
        public String getPassword() { 
            return password;
        }
    
        public void setPassword(String password) { 
            this.password = password;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() { 
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(Integer age) { 
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() { 
            return "User{" +
                    "username='" + username + '\'' +
                    ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                    ", age=" + age +
                    '}';
        }
    }

**pom.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.keafmd</groupId>
      <artifactId>springmvc_day02_01_response</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
    
      <name>springmvc_day02_01_response Maven Webapp</name>
      
      <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    
        
        <spring.version>5.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
    
      </properties>
    
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.11</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>${ spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
          <version>${ spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>${ spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.5</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
          <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.0</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
          <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
          <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
    
    
    
      </dependencies>
    
      <build>
        <finalName>springmvc_day02_01_response</finalName>
        <pluginManagement>
          <plugins>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.8.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.22.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.8.2</version>
            </plugin>
          </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
      </build>
    </project>

**springmvc.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.Keafmd"></context:component-scan>
    
        
        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
    
        
        <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
        <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
        <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
    
    
    
    
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    
    </beans>

**success.jsp：**

<%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: Keafmd
      Date: 2021/1/30
      Time: 9:40
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <h1>执行成功</h1>
    
        ${ user.toString()}
    
    </body>
    </html>

# 返回值分类 #

## 字符串 ##

**UserController类：**

package com.Keafmd.controller;
    
    import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: UserController * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:52 */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController { 
    
        /** * 返回字符串 * @param model * @return */
        @RequestMapping("/testString")
        public String testString(Model model){ 
    
            String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
            String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
            System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
            //模拟从数据库中查询User对象
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("Keafmd");
            user.setPassword("123456");
            user.setAge(21);
            //model对象
            model.addAttribute("user",user);
            return "success";
        }
    
    }

**response.jsp：**

<%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: Keafmd
      Date: 2021/1/30
      Time: 9:40
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <a href="user/testString">testString</a><br/>
        
    </body>
    </html>

**运行效果：**

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testString

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## void ##

> **1.如果控制器的方法返回值编写成void，执行程序报404的异常，默认查找JSP页面没有找到，`文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到`。  
> 2.可以使用请求转发或者重定向跳转到指定的页面。**

**UserController类：**

/** * 返回void * 请求转发是一次请求，不用编写项目的名称 * @param */
        @RequestMapping("/testVoid")
        public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
    
            String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
            String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
            System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
            //文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到
    
            //编写请求转发程序
            //手动转发不会使用视图解析器，需要自己写路径
            //request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
            //如果这后面有代码，还是会继续执行的，不想执行加上return
    
            //编写重定向程序
            //response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
    
            //设置中文乱码
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            //直接进行响应
            response.getWriter().println("hello牛哄哄的柯南");
    
            return;
        }

**response.jsp：**

<a href="user/testVoid">testVoid</a><br/>

**运行效果：**

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testVoid

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## ModelAndView ##

> **ModelAndView对象是Spring提供的一个对象，可以用来调整具体的JSP视图。**

**UserController类：**

/** * 返回 ModelAndView * 返回String底层调用的就是ModelAndView * @return */
        @RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
        public ModelAndView testModelAndView(){ 
            String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
            String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
            System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
    
            //创建ModelAndView对象
            ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
            //模拟从数据库中查询User对象
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("小兰");
            user.setPassword("123456");
            user.setAge(21);
            //把User对象存到mv对象中，也会把user对象存入request对象
            mv.addObject("user",user);
            //跳转到哪个页面
            mv.setViewName("success");
    
            return mv;
        }

**response.jsp：**

<a href="user/testModelAndView">testModelAndView</a><br/>

**运行效果：**

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testModelAndView

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

# 转发和重定向 #

**UserController类：**

/** * 使用关键字进行转发或重定向 * @return */
        @RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
        public String testForwardOrRedirect(){ 
            String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
            String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
            System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
    
            //请求的转发
            //return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
    
            //重定向
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }

**response.jsp：**

<a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect">testForwardOrRedirect</a><br/>

**运行效果：**

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testForwardOrRedirect

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

# ResponseBody响应json数据 #

**json字符串和JavaBean对象互相转换的过程中，需要使用jackson的jar包：**

<dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>

**response.jsp：**

<%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: Keafmd
      Date: 2021/1/30
      Time: 9:40
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
        <script src="js/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
        <script>
            //页面加载，绑定页面单击事件
            $(function (){ 
                $('#btn').click(function (){ 
                    //alert("hello btn")
                    $.ajax({ 
                        //编写json格式。设置属性和值
                        url:"user/testAjax",
                        contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                        data:'{"username":"Keafmd","password":"666","age":"21"}',
                        dataType:"json",
                        type:"post",
                        success:function (data){ 
                            //data指的是服务器端响应的数据，进行解析
                            alert(data);
                            alert(data.username);
                            alert(data.password);
                            alert(data.age);
                        }
                    });
                });
            });
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button>
    
    </body>
    </html>

**UserController类：**

package com.Keafmd.controller;
    
    import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: UserController * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:52 */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController { 
    
        /** * 模拟异步请求响应 */
        @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
        public @ResponseBody User testAjax(@RequestBody User user){ 
            String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
            String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
            System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
            //客户端发送ajax请求，传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
            System.out.println(user);
            //做相应，模拟查询数据库
            user.setUsername("小兰");
            user.setPassword("123");
    
            return user;
        }
    
    }

**运行效果：**

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testAjax
    User{ username='Keafmd', password='666', age=21}

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzg4MzkxNw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

> **以上就是SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图的全部内容。**

**看完如果对你有帮助，感谢点赞支持！  
如果你是电脑端的话，看到右下角的 “一键三连” 了吗，没错点它\[哈哈\]**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210115230629703.gif_pic_center]

**加油！**

**共同努力！**

**Keafmd**

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[20210115230629703.gif_pic_center]: /images/20221024/e931878806ec47409c85561489d3102b.png