【Nginx从入门到实践】【基础篇】04.Nginx 基本配置语法

你的名字 2022-10-22 10:49 171阅读 0赞

## 基本配置 ##

# 设置nginx服务的系统使用用户
    user nginx;
    # 工作进程数
    worker_processes auto;
    # 错误日志目录
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    # nginx服务启动时候pid
    pid /run/nginx.pid;
    
    
    # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
    # 加载模块
    include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
    
    
    events {
       worker_connections 1024;//每个进程允许最大连接数/工作进程数
    }
    
    
    # HTTP请求
    http {
       #日志格式
       log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
    
       #请求日志
       access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    
    
       # 底层设置
       sendfile            on;
       tcp_nopush          on;
       tcp_nodelay         on;
       keepalive_timeout   65;
       types_hash_max_size 2048;
    
    
       include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
       default_type        application/octet-stream;
    
    
       # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
       # 加载配置
       include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    
    
       # 配置站点
       server {
           # 监听80端口
           listen       80 default_server;
           listen       [::]:80 default_server;
           # 域名
           server_name  _;
           # 站点目录
           root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
    
    
           # Load configuration files for the default server block.
           # 加载站点配置
           include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
           
           # 下面根据url定义方法
           location / {
           }
    
    
           error_page 404 /404.html;
           location = /404.html {
           }
    
    
           error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
           location = /50x.html {
           }
       }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hhcHB5X3RlZW1v_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210317132939366.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][20210317132949703.png]

1.  user www www;: 指定nginx进程使用什么用户启动
2.  worker\_processes 4; : 指定启动多少进程来处理请求，一般情况下设置成CPU的核数，如果开启了ssl和gzip更应该设置成与逻辑CPU数量一样甚至为2倍，可以减少I/O操作。使用grep ^processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l查看CPU核数。
3.  worker\_cpu\_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;: 在高并发情况下，通过设置将CPU和具体的进程绑定来降低由于多核CPU切换造成的寄存器等现场重建带来的性能损耗。如worker\_cpu\_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; （四核）。
4.  error\_log /var/logs/nginx\_error.log crit;: error\_log是个主模块指令，用来定义全局错误日志文件。日志输出级别有debug、info、notice、warn、error、crit可供选择，其中，debug输出日志最为最详细，而crit输出日志最少。
5.  pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;: 指定进程pid文件的位置。
6.  worker\_rlimit\_nofile 65535;: 用于指定一个nginx进程可以打开的最多文件描述符数目，这里是65535，需要使用命令“ulimit -n 65535”来设置。

## nginx.conf ##

user  nginx;
    worker_processes  1;
    
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
    pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    }

## default.conf ##

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504 404  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
    
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
    
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hhcHB5X3RlZW1v_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221022/ffef5d9b60194139832ef2fef27ba433.png
[20210317132939366.png]: /images/20221022/02488f8ae20b45b9ad0ab1cb5d86c575.png
[20210317132949703.png]: /images/20221022/96a39c12406a43bc83dc8ed2daf091b3.png