常见 MIME 类型列表

旧城等待， 2022-10-16 00:46 246阅读 0赞

这是一份 MIME 类型列表，以及各个类型的文档类别，按照它们的常见扩展名排序。

两种主要的 MIME 类型在默认类型中扮演了重要的角色：

*  `text/plain` 表示文本文件的默认值。一个文本文件应当是人类可读的，并且不包含二进制数据。
 *  `application/octet-stream` 表示所有其他情况的默认值。一种未知的文件类型应当使用此类型。浏览器在处理这些文件时会特别小心, 试图防止、避免用户的危险行为.

IANA 是 MIME 媒体类型的官方注册机构，并维护了 [list of all the official MIME types][]。下面的表格列出了 Web 上的一些重要 MIME 类型:

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>扩展名</th> 
   <th>文档类型</th> 
   <th>MIME 类型</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.aac</code></td> 
   <td>AAC audio</td> 
   <td><code>audio/aac</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.abw</code></td> 
   <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AbiWord" rel="nofollow">AbiWord</a>&nbsp;document</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-abiword</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.arc</code></td> 
   <td>Archive document (multiple files embedded)</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-freearc</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.avi</code></td> 
   <td>AVI: Audio Video Interleave</td> 
   <td><code>video/x-msvideo</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.azw</code></td> 
   <td>Amazon Kindle eBook format</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.amazon.ebook</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.bin</code></td> 
   <td>Any kind of binary data</td> 
   <td><code>application/octet-stream</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.bmp</code></td> 
   <td>Windows OS/2 Bitmap Graphics</td> 
   <td><code>image/bmp</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.bz</code></td> 
   <td>BZip archive</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-bzip</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.bz2</code></td> 
   <td>BZip2 archive</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-bzip2</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.csh</code></td> 
   <td>C-Shell script</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-csh</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.css</code></td> 
   <td>Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)</td> 
   <td><code>text/css</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.csv</code></td> 
   <td>Comma-separated values (CSV)</td> 
   <td><code>text/csv</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.doc</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft Word</td> 
   <td><code>application/msword</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.docx</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft Word (OpenXML)</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.eot</code></td> 
   <td>MS Embedded OpenType fonts</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.ms-fontobject</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.epub</code></td> 
   <td>Electronic publication (EPUB)</td> 
   <td><code>application/epub+zip</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.gif</code></td> 
   <td>Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)</td> 
   <td><code>image/gif</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.htm<br> .html</code></td> 
   <td>HyperText Markup Language (HTML)</td> 
   <td><code>text/html</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ico</code></td> 
   <td>Icon format</td> 
   <td><code>image/vnd.microsoft.icon</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ics</code></td> 
   <td>iCalendar format</td> 
   <td><code>text/calendar</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.jar</code></td> 
   <td>Java Archive (JAR)</td> 
   <td><code>application/java-archive</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.jpeg</code><br><code>.jpg</code></td> 
   <td>JPEG images</td> 
   <td><code>image/jpeg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.js</code></td> 
   <td>JavaScript</td> 
   <td><code>text/javascript</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.json</code></td> 
   <td>JSON format</td> 
   <td><code>application/json</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.jsonld</code></td> 
   <td>JSON-LD format</td> 
   <td><code>application/ld+json</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.mid</code><br><code>.midi</code></td> 
   <td>Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)</td> 
   <td><code>audio/midi</code>&nbsp;<code>audio/x-midi</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.mjs</code></td> 
   <td>JavaScript module</td> 
   <td><code>text/javascript</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.mp3</code></td> 
   <td>MP3 audio</td> 
   <td><code>audio/mpeg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.mpeg</code></td> 
   <td>MPEG Video</td> 
   <td><code>video/mpeg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.mpkg</code></td> 
   <td>Apple Installer Package</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.apple.installer+xml</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.odp</code></td> 
   <td>OpenDocument presentation document</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ods</code></td> 
   <td>OpenDocument spreadsheet document</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.odt</code></td> 
   <td>OpenDocument text document</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.oga</code></td> 
   <td>OGG audio</td> 
   <td><code>audio/ogg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ogv</code></td> 
   <td>OGG video</td> 
   <td><code>video/ogg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ogx</code></td> 
   <td>OGG</td> 
   <td><code>application/ogg</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.otf</code></td> 
   <td>OpenType font</td> 
   <td><code>font/otf</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.png</code></td> 
   <td>Portable Network Graphics</td> 
   <td><code>image/png</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.pdf</code></td> 
   <td>Adobe&nbsp;<a href="https://acrobat.adobe.com/us/en/why-adobe/about-adobe-pdf.html" rel="nofollow">Portable Document Format</a>&nbsp;(PDF)</td> 
   <td><code>application/pdf</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ppt</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft PowerPoint</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.pptx</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft PowerPoint (OpenXML)</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.rar</code></td> 
   <td>RAR archive</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-rar-compressed</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.rtf</code></td> 
   <td>Rich Text Format (RTF)</td> 
   <td><code>application/rtf</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.sh</code></td> 
   <td>Bourne shell script</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-sh</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.svg</code></td> 
   <td>Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)</td> 
   <td><code>image/svg+xml</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.swf</code></td> 
   <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF" rel="nofollow">Small web format</a>&nbsp;(SWF) or Adobe Flash document</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-shockwave-flash</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.tar</code></td> 
   <td>Tape Archive (TAR)</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-tar</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.tif<br> .tiff</code></td> 
   <td>Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)</td> 
   <td><code>image/tiff</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.ttf</code></td> 
   <td>TrueType Font</td> 
   <td><code>font/ttf</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.txt</code></td> 
   <td>Text, (generally ASCII or ISO 8859-<em>n</em>)</td> 
   <td><code>text/plain</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.vsd</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft Visio</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.visio</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.wav</code></td> 
   <td>Waveform Audio Format</td> 
   <td><code>audio/wav</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.weba</code></td> 
   <td>WEBM audio</td> 
   <td><code>audio/webm</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.webm</code></td> 
   <td>WEBM video</td> 
   <td><code>video/webm</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.webp</code></td> 
   <td>WEBP image</td> 
   <td><code>image/webp</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.woff</code></td> 
   <td>Web Open Font Format (WOFF)</td> 
   <td><code>font/woff</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.woff2</code></td> 
   <td>Web Open Font Format (WOFF)</td> 
   <td><code>font/woff2</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.xhtml</code></td> 
   <td>XHTML</td> 
   <td><code>application/xhtml+xml</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.xls</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft Excel</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.ms-excel</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.xlsx</code></td> 
   <td>Microsoft Excel (OpenXML)</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.xml</code></td> 
   <td><code>XML</code></td> 
   <td><code>application/xml</code>&nbsp;代码对普通用户来说不可读 (<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3023#section-3" rel="nofollow">RFC 3023</a>, section 3)<br><code>text/xml</code>&nbsp;代码对普通用户来说可读 (<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3023#section-3" rel="nofollow">RFC 3023</a>, section 3)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.xul</code></td> 
   <td>XUL</td> 
   <td><code>application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.zip</code></td> 
   <td>ZIP archive</td> 
   <td><code>application/zip</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.3gp</code></td> 
   <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" rel="nofollow">3GPP</a>&nbsp;audio/video container</td> 
   <td><code>video/3gpp</code><br><code>audio/3gpp</code>（若不含视频）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.3g2</code></td> 
   <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" rel="nofollow">3GPP2</a>&nbsp;audio/video container</td> 
   <td><code>video/3gpp2</code><br><code>audio/3gpp2</code>（若不含视频）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td><code>.7z</code></td> 
   <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Zip" rel="nofollow">7-zip</a>&nbsp;archive</td> 
   <td><code>application/x-7z-compressed</code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

[list of all the official MIME types]: https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml