kubeadm nginx部署k8s高可用集群 Kubernetes 1.18.14

布满荆棘的人生 2022-10-12 13:57 291阅读 0赞

## kubeadm+nginx部署k8s高可用集群 Kubernetes 1.18.14 ##

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>角色</th> 
   <th>IP地址</th> 
   <th>主机名</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>master1/node</td> 
   <td>192.168.26.150</td> 
   <td>k8s-01</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>master2/node</td> 
   <td>192.168.26.160</td> 
   <td>k8s-02</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

在192.168.26.150这台master操作

这里写个脚本  
我们用master1机器做ssh免密  
快速修改hosts和主机名

##先添加hosts文件
    cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF 192.168.26.150 k8s-01 192.168.26.160 k8s-02 EOF

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install expect ##4台都安装
    [root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen ##一顿回车 生成公钥

vim ssh-hosts.sh
    
    #!/bin/bash
    ##下方ip地址和主机名修改成自己的
    ##656768是密码也修改成自己的
    for i in 192.168.26.150 192.168.26.160 k8s-02;do
    expect -c " spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@$i expect { \"*yes/no*\" {send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue} \"*password*\" {send \"656768\r\"; exp_continue} \"*Password*\" {send \"656768\r\";} } "
    done
    for host_name in k8s-02;do
    scp /etc/hosts $host_name:/etc/
    done

上面的脚本已经同步了hosts文件，下一步修改对应的主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-01 ##先修改自己的主机名
    
    ssh k8s-02  ##第二台
    hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-02 
    exit
    
    回来100节点 ping检查以下是否有误
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-01
    PING k8s-01 (192.168.26.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-01 (192.168.26.150): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-02
    PING k8s-02 (192.168.26.120) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-02 (192.168.26.160): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.252 ms

ok 初始环境准备完事，开始修改各节点系统配置

### 1. 配置系统环境 （全部机器执行） ###

**以下操作默认每台机器都要执行**

##可以每个步骤手敲，也可以直接建个脚本scp到各台机器，自动部署
    vim k8s_init.sh
    
    #!/bin/bash
    ##安装相关软件
    yum install -y epel-release conntrack ipvsadm ipset jq sysstat curl iptables libseccomp
    wait 
    
    ##关闭防火墙firewalld
    systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
    wait
    
    ##关闭iptables
    iptables -F && iptables -X && iptables -F -t nat && iptables -X -t nat && iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
    wait
    
    ##关闭防火墙SELINUX
    setenforce 0
    sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
    wait
    
    ##关闭swap分区
    swapoff -a
    sed -i '/ swap / s/^$.*$$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
    wait
    
    ##开启网络转发
    cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF #!/bin/bash modprobe -- ip_vs modprobe -- ip_vs_rr modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr modprobe -- ip_vs_sh modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4 modprobe -- br_netfilter EOF
    wait
    chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
    wait
    
    ##系统配置
    cat << EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
    net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
    vm.swappiness=0
    vm.overcommit_memory=1
    vm.panic_on_oom=0
    fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
    fs.file-max=52706963
    fs.nr_open=52706963
    net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
    net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
    EOF
    wait
    sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
    
    ##安装docker环境
    yum remove -y docker \
               docker-client \
               docker-client-latest \
               docker-common \
               docker-latest \
               docker-latest-logrotate \
               docker-logrotate \
               docker-selinux \
               docker-engine-selinux \
               docker-engine
    wait
    yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
    yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    yum makecache fast
    yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
    yum -y install docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7
    systemctl start docker
    systemctl enable docker
    sed -i "13i ExecStartPost=/usr/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    wait
    
    ##配置加速器
    tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
    { 
      "registry-mirrors": ["https://bk6kzfqm.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
      "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
      "log-driver": "json-file",
      "log-opts": { 
        "max-size": "100m"
      },
      "storage-driver": "overlay2",
      "storage-opts": [
        "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
      ]
    }
    EOF
    wait
    
    ##重启docker
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl restart docker
    
    wait
    #安装k8s组件
    cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
    [kubernetes]
    name=Kubernetes
    baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=0
    repo_gpgcheck=0
    gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
    EOF
    #重建yum缓存，输入y添加证书认证
    wait
    yum makecache fast
    wait
    yum install -y kubelet-1.18.14 kubectl-1.18.14 kubeadm-1.18.14
    wait
    
    ##将 Container Runtime、kubelet 配置成使用 systemd 来作为 cgroup 驱动
    echo "KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=systemd" > /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
    wait
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl restart kubelet
    systemctl enable --now kubelet
    systemctl status kubelet
    
    #安装bash自动补全插件
    yum install bash-completion -y
    
    #设置kubectl与kubeadm命令补全，下次login生效
    kubectl completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl
    kubeadm completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubeadm

### 2.master节点配置api高可用 （master机器都执行） ###

#### 创建 nginx 配置文件 ####

# 创建配置目录
    mkdir -p /etc/nginx
    
    # 写入代理配置
    cat << EOF >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    error_log stderr notice;
    
    worker_processes auto;
    events { 
      multi_accept on;
      use epoll;
      worker_connections 1024;
    }
    
    stream { 
        upstream kube_apiserver { 
            least_conn;
            server 192.168.26.150:6443;
            server 192.168.26.160:6443;
        }
    
        server { 
            listen        0.0.0.0:8443;
            proxy_pass    kube_apiserver;
            proxy_timeout 10m;
            proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
        }
    }
    EOF

#### 授权配置文件 ####

# 更新权限
    chmod +r /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#### 创建系统 systemd.service 文件 ####

cat << EOF >> /etc/systemd/system/nginx-proxy.service
    [Unit]
    Description=kubernetes apiserver docker wrapper
    Wants=docker.socket
    After=docker.service
    
    [Service]
    User=root
    PermissionsStartOnly=true
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run -p 8443:8443 \\
                                  -v /etc/nginx:/etc/nginx \\
                                  --name nginx-proxy \\               
                                  --restart=on-failure:5 \\
                                  --memory=512M \\
                                  nginx:alpine
    ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm -f nginx-proxy
    ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop nginx-proxy
    Restart=always
    RestartSec=15s
    TimeoutStartSec=30s
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF

#### 启动nginx ####

# 启动 Nginx
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start nginx-proxy
    systemctl enable nginx-proxy
    systemctl status nginx-proxy

### 3.初始化集群（k8s-01操作) ###

kubeadm init \
      --control-plane-endpoint "127.0.0.1:8443" \ 
      --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" \
      --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" \
      --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" \
      --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" \
      --token-ttl "0" \
      --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
      --upload-certs
    
    ##上面的命令会有格式问题请勿直接粘贴，用下面粘贴版本 
    
    kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint "127.0.0.1:8443" --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" --token-ttl "0" --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --upload-certs
    
    ##初始命令会拉取集群镜像根据网络不同，等待时间不同，耐心等待

**参数解释：**  
–control-plane-endpoint：为控制平面指定一个固定的虚拟IP地址。其值应与负载均衡vip一致，若负载均衡与master位于同一主机，请指定与6443不同的端口号。

–kubernetes-version：指定kubernetes版本号。

–pod-network-cidr：指定pod网络的IP地址集。

–service-cidr：为service VIPs指定IP地址集。

–token：用于控制平面和节点之间建立双向结构。

–token-ttl：设置token过期时间。“0”表示不过期。

–image-repository ：指定拉取控制平面镜像的仓库。

–upload-certs：上传控制平面证书到kubeadm-certs Secret。

##输出以下结果说明成功
    ##如果失败，检查vip是否启动成功 
    ##kubeadm reset 后重新执行初始化
    Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
    
    To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
    ##这段用来配置kubectl管理集群（只要安装了kubectl就能配置管理集群）
      mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
      sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config ##提示没有admin.conf 就从master机器scp一份
      sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    
    You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
    Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
      https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
    
    You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:
    ##这段用来加入master节点
      kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
        --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab
    
    Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
    As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
    "kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs" to reload certs afterward.
    
    Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
    ##这段用来加入node节点
    kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

##配置kubectl管理
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

### 4.其他节点加入集群 ###

master节点用这段

k8s-02

kubeadm join 127.0.0.1:8443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
        --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab

##配置kubectl管理
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

（node节点）

kubeadm join 127.0.0.1:8443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

如果需要在node节点管理集群 也可以同上配置kubectl管理即可

这里我就跳过

查看集群状态，NotReady说明正常，因为还没配置网络

### 5.配置网络calico （k8s-01执行） ###

wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.15/manifests/calico.yaml
    vim  calico.yaml
    ## 搜ip地址192 大概是3580行 修改成刚刚初始化的pod网段后删除掉注释 保存退出

修改后效果  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h0OTk5OWk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_id_uoyVH_originHeight_276_originWidth_472_originalType_binary_ratio_1_status_done_style_none][]

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml ##等待calico的pod启动成功 需要下载镜像 
    kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群网络状态
    $ kubectl get nodes
    NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    k8s-01   Ready    master   19m     v1.18.14
    k8s-02   Ready    master   14m     v1.18.14

### 6.修改标签，并且清除污点让master节点能运行pod ###

kubectl taint nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/master-  ##删除污点

kubectl label nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/node=    ##给节点打标签

kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群状态
    NAME     STATUS   ROLES         AGE     VERSION
    k8s-01   Ready    master,node   19m     v1.18.14
    k8s-02   Ready    master,node   14m     v1.18.14

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h0OTk5OWk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_id_uoyVH_originHeight_276_originWidth_472_originalType_binary_ratio_1_status_done_style_none]: /images/20221005/2c24e2fd95224f49bcc461521747585b.png