html表单验证问题对错6,Django-Form表单（验证、定制、错误信息、Select）

绝地灬酷狼 2022-10-10 11:21 141阅读 0赞

![eb4be2086cd23a744a63a34dd584b6fd.png][]

Django form 流程

1、创建类，继承form.Form

2、页面根据类的对象自动创建html标签

3、提交，request.POST

封装到类的对象里，obj=UserInfo(request.POST)

4、用户输入是否合法

obj.is\_valid()

5、全部合法，获取全部内容

obj.clean()

6、只有有不合法

obj.errors

首先关闭跨站请求

\#'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

![a9a60361e8e16e484f047463f274956b.png][]

![2566859b1ec1aa820cc32a8eb551862c.png][]

有错误会阻止提交，并提示错误信息

![69c88d95e2d607a4966b946cc8ca532e.png][]

成功提交，可以获取到提交的值

![99cdda3a3d047d1d94a492bccea129f6.png][]

Form定制化

定制错误信息

mail = forms.EmailField(error\_messages=\{'required':u'邮箱不能为空'\})

定制错误规则

mobile = forms.CharField(validators=\[mobile\_validate,\],

error\_messages=\{'required':u'手机不能为空'\})

from django.shortcutsimport render

from djangoimport forms

import re

from django.core.exceptionsimport ValidationError

def mobile\_validate(value):

mobile\_re= re.compile(r'^(13\[0-9\]|15\[012356789\]|17\[678\]|18\[0-9\]|14\[57\])\[0-9\]\{8\}$')

if not mobile\_re.match(value):

raise ValidationError('手机号码格式错误')

class UserInfo(forms.Form):

email= forms.EmailField(error\_messages=\{'required':u'邮箱不能为空'\})

host= forms.CharField(error\_messages=\{'required':u'主机不能为空'\})

port= forms.CharField(error\_messages=\{'required':u'端口不能为空'\})

mobile= forms.CharField(validators=\[mobile\_validate,\],\#定义错误规则函数

error\_messages=\{'required':u'手机不能为空'\},

widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=\{'class':'form-control',\#定义class

'placeholder':u'请输入手机号'\}))

beizhu= forms.CharField(required=False,\#备注允许为空

widget=forms.Textarea(attrs=\{'class':'form-control',\#定义为多行输入框

'placeholder':u'请输入备注'\}))

user\_type\_choice= (

(0,u'普通用户'),

(1,u'高级用户'),

)

user\_type= forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.widgets.Select(choices=user\_type\_choice,attrs=\{'class':'form-control'\}))

![69e70cb8baa4f57115fcf8e1431bb27b.png][]

![555f1d6e050fb6534de05f7da11842ff.png][]

保存用户输入内容

obj = AccountForm.LoginForm(request.POST)

Form表单验证以及错误信息

错误信息格式：

普通格式：

from django.shortcutsimport render,HttpResponse

from web.formsimport account as AccountForm

def login(request):

obj= AccountForm.LoginForm(request.POST)

if request.method== 'POST':

if obj.is\_valid():

all\_data= obj.clean()

else:

\#用于Form表单提交

error= obj.errors

\#print error\['username'\]\[0\]

\#print error\['password'\]\[0\]

return render(request,'account/login.html',\{'obj':obj,'error':error\})

return render(request,'account/login.html',\{'obj':obj\})

创建一个simple\_tag，使其输 error\['username'\]\[0\]

![7359679e6890f56113765fac4cafb11e.png][]

\{% load xx %\}

\{ \{ obj.username \}\}

\{% error\_msg error.username %\}

\{ \{ obj.password \}\}

\{% error\_msg error.password %\}

![0add25ea97c75b969685ca1e7044b699.png][]

JSON格式

def login(request):

obj= AccountForm.LoginForm(request.POST)

if request.method== 'POST':

if obj.is\_valid():

all\_data= obj.clean()

else:

\#用于Ajax

error= obj.errors.as\_json()

\#print error

return HttpResponse(error)

return render(request,'account/login.html',\{'obj':obj,'error':error\})

return render(request,'account/login.html',\{'obj':obj\})

Form生成select标签

![2d1cb08548b1887c4c5ff14feff0bd68.png][]

![2b8271f3a43385181ddaf4fbc5dc9ef2.png][]

![2dac2b2031d5e18650f2be7ad7d9a5d4.png][]

静态select

![5dc3c93d33d745a10ab8961376dbd47a.png][]

动态select

![71b767909976a4ddc8d6bb9d1e0b9ab8.png][]

当增加数据库数据时

![212d8bcab1b974122f77dad17de03a5a.png][]

![7181b30d46238816180d0fbe10cfe573.png][]

不会更新，除非关闭程序，重新载入才会更新

![1b124f4506f8b69b65d0f0eef9034b83.png][]

![83c00ca7a797431008df1446b4fa4095.png][]

解决方法：利用面向对象类的静态字段

from djangoimport forms

import json

class ImportForm(forms.Form):

\#静态select

HOST\_TYPE\_LIST= (

(0,'物理机'),

(1,'虚拟机'),

)

host\_type= forms.IntegerField(

widget=forms.Select(choices=HOST\_TYPE\_LIST)

)

hostname= forms.CharField()

\#动态select

\# admin\_dic = ((1,'yangmv'),(1,"bob"),)

\# w\_obj = open('db\_admin','w')

\# w\_obj.write(json.dumps(admin\_dic))

\# w\_obj.close()

f\_obj= open('db\_admin','r')

data= f\_obj.read()

data\_tuple= json.loads(data)

admin= forms.IntegerField(

widget=forms.Select(choices=data\_tuple)

)

def \_\_init\_\_(self,\*args,\*\*kwargs):

super(ImportForm,self).\_\_init\_\_(\*args,\*\*kwargs)

tmp= open('db\_admin')

data= tmp.read()

data\_tuple= json.loads(data)

self.fields\['admin'\].widget.choices= data\_tuple

再次增加数据库数据，直接刷新页面即可读取到新数据

![c34b9ec07936623216e29fb372521e4d.png][]

![2b5da3979bb1086ab791fe2db6d4c626.png][]

优化后代码

from djangoimport forms

import json

class ImportForm(forms.Form):

admin= forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.Select())

def \_\_init\_\_(self,\*args,\*\*kwargs):

super(ImportForm,self).\_\_init\_\_(\*args,\*\*kwargs)

tmp= open('db\_admin')

data= tmp.read()

data\_tuple= json.loads(data)

self.fields\['admin'\].widget.choices= data\_tuple

使用models获取select数据

(models操作，后面一偏文章会详细介绍)

class Select(models.Model):

username= models.CharField(max\_length=16)

password= models.CharField(max\_length=32)1

\{ \{ obj.admin \}\}

def home(request):

obj= HomeForm.ImportForm()

return render(request,'home/home.html',\{'obj':obj\})

![381fa943fee99ed70c7d170e30a859ab.png][]

models.Select.objects.all().values\_list('id','username')

![c180d8be7ace5595769511129decc9fe.png][]

![f71b4522eceaadf21ddb27c932546770.png][]

标签：obj,Form,admin,request,Django,forms,error,data,Select

来源： https://blog.csdn.net/bbwangj/article/details/90522721

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