Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解 - Python零基础入门教程

客官°小女子只卖身不卖艺 2022-10-08 11:12 12阅读 0赞

*  一.前言
 *  二.Python str / bytes / unicode 区别
    
     *  1.Python2.x 版本中 str / bytes / unicode 区别
     *  2.Python3.x 版本中 str / bytes / unicode 区别
 *  三.Python string 与 bytes 相互转换
    
     *  1.string 经过编码 encode 转化成 bytes
     *  2. bytes 经过解码 decode 转化成 string
 *  四.猜你喜欢

> 零基础 Python 学习路线推荐 : [Python 学习目录][Python] >> [Python 基础入门][Python 1]

## 一.前言 ##

在讲解 **[str][] / [bytes][]** / unicode 区别之前首先要明白字节和字符的区别，请参考：[**bytearray / bytes / string 区别**][bytearray _ bytes _ string] 中对字节和字符有清晰的讲解，最重要是明白：

*  **字符 str 是给人看的，例如：文本保存的内容，用来操作的；**
 *  **字节 bytes 是给计算机看的，例如：二进制数据，给计算机传输或者保存的；**

## 二.Python str / bytes / unicode 区别 ##

### 1.Python2.x 版本中 str / bytes / unicode 区别 ###

**在 [Python2.x][] 版本中 str 跟 bytes 是等价的；值得注意的是：[bytes 跟 unicode][bytes _ unicode] 是等价的**，详情见下图

![Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解][Python str _ bytes _ unicode]

# !usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
    """
    @Author:猿说编程
    @Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com
    @File:Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解.py
    @Time:2021/05/09 07:37
    @Motto:不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海，程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累！
    
    """
    
    
    s1 = u"Hello, World!"
    s2 = "Hello, World!"
    print(type(s1))
    print(type(s2))
    
    
    '''
    输出：
    
    <type 'unicode'>
    <type 'str'>
    '''

### 2.Python3.x 版本中 str / bytes / unicode 区别 ###

**在 [Python3.x][Python2.x] 版本中 str 跟 unicode 是等价的；值得注意的是：[bytes 跟 unicode][bytes _ unicode] 是不等价的**，详情见下图

![Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解][Python str _ bytes _ unicode 1]

# !usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
    """
    @Author:猿说编程
    @Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com
    @File:Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解.py
    @Time:2021/05/09 07:37
    @Motto:不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海，程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累！
    
    """
    
    s1 = u"Hello, World!"
    s2 = "Hello, World!"
    print(type(s1))
    print(type(s2))
    
    
    '''
    输出：
    
    <class 'str'>
    <class 'str'>
    '''

## 三.Python string 与 bytes 相互转换 ##

### 1.string 经过编码 encode 转化成 bytes ###

# !usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
    """
    @Author:猿说编程
    @Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com
    @File:Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解.py
    @Time:2021/05/09 07:37
    @Motto:不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海，程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累！
    
    """
    
    
    s = "www.codersrc.com"
    #将字符串转换为字节对象
    b2 = bytes(s,encoding='utf8') #必须制定编码格式
    # print(b2)
    
    #方法一:字符串encode将获得一个bytes对象
    b3 = str.encode(s)
    #方法二:字符串encode将获得一个bytes对象
    b4 = s.encode()
    print(b3)
    print(type(b3))
    print(b4)
    print(type(b4))
    
    '''
    输出结果：
    
    b'www.codersrc.com'
    <class 'bytes'>
    b'www.codersrc.com'
    <class 'bytes'>
    '''

### 2. bytes 经过解码 decode 转化成 string ###

# !usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
    """
    @Author:猿说编程
    @Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com
    @File:Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解.py
    @Time:2021/05/09 07:37
    @Motto:不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海，程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累！
    
    """
    
    
    # 字节对象b2
        # 如果含有中文，必须制定编码格式，否则报错TypeError: string argument without an encoding
        b2 = bytes("猿说python", encoding='utf8')
    
        # 方法二:bytes对象decode将获得一个字符串
        s2 = bytes.decode(b2)
        # 方法二:bytes对象decode将获得一个字符串
        s3 = b2.decode()
        print(s2)
        print(s3)
    
    '''
    输出结果：
    
    猿说python
    猿说python
    '''

## 四.**猜你喜欢** ##

1.  [Python 条件推导式][Python 2]
2.  [Python 列表推导式][Python 3]
3.  [Python 字典推导式][Python 4]
4.  [Python 不定长参数 \*argc/\*\*kargcs][Python _ _argc_kargcs]
5.  [Python 匿名函数 lambda][Python _ lambda]
6.  [Python return 逻辑判断表达式][Python return]
7.  [Python is 和 == 区别][Python is _ _]
8.  [Python 可变数据类型和不可变数据类型][Python 5]
9.  [Python 浅拷贝和深拷贝][Python 6]
10. [Python 异常处理][Python 7]
11. [Python 线程创建和传参][Python 8]
12. [Python 线程互斥锁 Lock][Python _ Lock]
13. [Python 线程时间 Event][Python _ Event]
14. [Python 线程条件变量 Condition][Python _ Condition]
15. [Python 线程定时器 Timer][Python _ Timer]
16. [Python 线程信号量 Semaphore][Python _ Semaphore]
17. [Python 线程障碍对象 Barrier][Python _ Barrier]
18. [Python 线程队列 Queue – FIFO][Python _ Queue _ FIFO]
19. [Python 线程队列 LifoQueue – LIFO][Python _ LifoQueue _ LIFO]
20. [Python 线程优先队列 PriorityQueue][Python _ PriorityQueue]
21. [Python 线程池 ThreadPoolExecutor(一)][Python _ ThreadPoolExecutor]
22. [Python 线程池 ThreadPoolExecutor(二)][Python _ ThreadPoolExecutor 1]
23. [Python 进程 Process 模块][Python _ Process]
24. [Python 进程 Process 与线程 threading 区别][Python _ Process _ threading]
25. [Python 进程间通信 Queue / Pipe][Python _ Queue _ Pipe]
26. [Python 进程池 multiprocessing.Pool][Python _ multiprocessing.Pool]
27. [Python GIL 锁][Python GIL]

未经允许不得转载：[猿说编程][Link 1] » [Python str / bytes / unicode 区别详解][bytes _ unicode]

[Python]: https://www.codersrc.com/python
[Python 1]: https://www.codersrc.com/pythonsimple
[str]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/4996.html
[bytes]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6298.html
[bytearray _ bytes _ string]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6307.html
[Python2.x]: https://www.codersrc.com/
[bytes _ unicode]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6974.html
[Python str _ bytes _ unicode]: /images/20221005/81355a25bf1e46c2a979779345150e17.png
[Python str _ bytes _ unicode 1]: /images/20221005/979846f5a4af4e0896e376d0c62437a6.png
[Python 2]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5346.html
[Python 3]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5359.html
[Python 4]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5377.html
[Python _ _argc_kargcs]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5443.html
[Python _ lambda]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5756.html
[Python return]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5759.html
[Python is _ _]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5288.html
[Python 5]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5271.html
[Python 6]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5492.html
[Python 7]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/5966.html
[Python 8]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6015.html
[Python _ Lock]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6048.html
[Python _ Event]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6486.html
[Python _ Condition]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6508.html
[Python _ Timer]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6538.html
[Python _ Semaphore]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6563.html
[Python _ Barrier]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6581.html
[Python _ Queue _ FIFO]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6609.html
[Python _ LifoQueue _ LIFO]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6651.html
[Python _ PriorityQueue]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6674.html
[Python _ ThreadPoolExecutor]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6707.html
[Python _ ThreadPoolExecutor 1]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6732.html
[Python _ Process]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6765.html
[Python _ Process _ threading]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6788.html
[Python _ Queue _ Pipe]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6826.html
[Python _ multiprocessing.Pool]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6857.html
[Python GIL]: https://www.codersrc.com/archives/6860.html
[Link 1]: https://www.codersrc.com