Nginx代理proxy pass配置去除前缀

古城微笑少年丶 2022-10-06 05:52 160阅读 0赞

使用Nginx做代理的时候，可以简单的直接把请求原封不动的转发给下一个服务。

比如，访问abc.com/appv2/a/b.html, 要求转发到localhost:8088/appv2/a/b.html

简单配置如下：

upstream one {
      server localhost:8088 weight=5;
    }
    
    server {
        listen              80;
        server_name         abc.com;
        access_log  "pipe:rollback /data/log/nginx/access.log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=1G"  main;
    
        location / {
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    
            proxy_pass http://one;
        }
    
    }

即，设置`proxy_pass`即可。请求只会替换域名。

但很多时候，我们需要根据url的前缀转发到不同的服务。

比如

abc.com/user/profile.html转发到 **用户服务**localhost:8089/profile.html

abc.com/order/details.html转发到 **订单服务** localhost:8090/details.html

即，url的前缀对下游的服务是不需要的，除非下游服务添加context-path, 但很多时候我们并不喜欢加这个。如果Nginx转发的时候，把这个前缀去掉就好了。

## 一个种方案是proxy\_pass后面加根路径`/`. ##

server {
        listen              80;
        server_name         abc.com;
        access_log  "pipe:rollback /data/log/nginx/access.log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=1G"  main;
    
        location ^~/user/ {
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    
            proxy_pass http://user/;
        }
    
        location ^~/order/ {
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    
            proxy_pass http://order/;
        }
    
    }

`^~/user/`表示匹配前缀是`user`的请求，proxy\_pass的结尾有`/`， 则会把`/user/*`后面的路径直接拼接到后面，即移除user.

## 另一种方案是使用`rewrite` ##

upstream user {
      server localhost:8089 weight=5;
    }
    upstream order {
      server localhost:8090 weight=5;
    }
    
    
    server {
        listen              80;
        server_name         abc.com;
        access_log  "pipe:rollback /data/log/nginx/access.log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=1G"  main;
    
        location ^~/user/ {
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    
            rewrite ^/user/(.*)$ /$1 break;
            proxy_pass http://user;
        }
    
        location ^~/order/ {
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    
            rewrite ^/order/(.*)$ /$1 break;
            proxy_pass http://order;
        }
    
    }

注意到proxy\_pass结尾没有`/`， `rewrite`重写了url。

关于rewrite

syntax: rewrite regex replacement [flag]
    Default: —
    Context: server, location, if